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Improve outbound URL validation

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Andras Bacsai committed 2026-07-02 14:46:46 +02:00
1 parent 63d6d835a9
commit c7f014017b
12 files changed
+440 -85
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app/Rules/SafeExternalUrl.php
+122 -24
View File
@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
class SafeExternalUrl implements ValidationRule
{
/**
* @param (Closure(string): array<int, string>)|null $resolver
*/
public function __construct(private ?Closure $resolver = null) {}
/**
* Run the validation rule.
*
@@ -38,44 +43,137 @@ class SafeExternalUrl implements ValidationRule
}
$host = strtolower($host);
$hostForIpCheck = $this->normalizeHostForIpCheck($host);
$hostForDns = rtrim($hostForIpCheck, '.');
// Block well-known internal hostnames
$internalHosts = ['localhost', '0.0.0.0', '::1'];
if (in_array($host, $internalHosts) || str_ends_with($host, '.local') || str_ends_with($host, '.internal')) {
Log::warning('External URL points to internal host', [
'attribute' => $attribute,
'url' => $value,
'host' => $host,
'ip' => request()->ip(),
'user_id' => auth()->id(),
]);
if (in_array($hostForDns, $internalHosts, true) || str_ends_with($hostForDns, '.local') || str_ends_with($hostForDns, '.internal')) {
$this->logBlockedHost($attribute, $value, $host);
$fail('The :attribute must not point to internal hosts.');
return;
}
// Resolve hostname to IP and block private/reserved ranges
$ip = gethostbyname($host);
if (filter_var($hostForIpCheck, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) {
if (! $this->isPublicIp($hostForIpCheck)) {
$this->logBlockedIp($attribute, $value, $host, $hostForIpCheck);
$fail('The :attribute must not point to a private or reserved IP address.');
// gethostbyname returns the original hostname on failure (e.g. unresolvable)
if ($ip === $host && ! filter_var($host, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) {
return;
}
return;
}
$resolvedIps = $this->resolveHost($hostForDns);
if ($resolvedIps === []) {
$fail('The :attribute host could not be resolved.');
return;
}
if (! filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE)) {
Log::warning('External URL resolves to private or reserved IP', [
'attribute' => $attribute,
'url' => $value,
'host' => $host,
'resolved_ip' => $ip,
'ip' => request()->ip(),
'user_id' => auth()->id(),
]);
$fail('The :attribute must not point to a private or reserved IP address.');
foreach ($resolvedIps as $resolvedIp) {
if (! $this->isPublicIp($resolvedIp)) {
$this->logBlockedIp($attribute, $value, $host, $resolvedIp);
$fail('The :attribute must not point to a private or reserved IP address.');
return;
return;
}
}
}
private function normalizeHostForIpCheck(string $host): string
{
return (str_starts_with($host, '[') && str_ends_with($host, ']'))
? substr($host, 1, -1)
: $host;
}
/**
* @return array<int, string>
*/
private function resolveHost(string $host): array
{
if ($this->resolver instanceof Closure) {
return array_values(array_filter(($this->resolver)($host), fn (string $ip): bool => filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP) !== false));
}
$records = @dns_get_record($host, DNS_A | DNS_AAAA);
if ($records === false) {
$records = [];
}
$ips = [];
foreach ($records as $record) {
foreach (['ip', 'ipv6'] as $key) {
if (isset($record[$key]) && filter_var($record[$key], FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) {
$ips[] = $record[$key];
}
}
}
$ipv4Addresses = @gethostbynamel($host);
if (is_array($ipv4Addresses)) {
foreach ($ipv4Addresses as $ip) {
if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) {
$ips[] = $ip;
}
}
}
return array_values(array_unique($ips));
}
private function isPublicIp(string $ip): bool
{
$embeddedIpv4 = $this->extractIpv4FromMappedIpv6($ip);
if ($embeddedIpv4 !== null) {
return filter_var($embeddedIpv4, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false;
}
return filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false;
}
private function extractIpv4FromMappedIpv6(string $ip): ?string
{
$packed = @inet_pton($ip);
if ($packed === false || strlen($packed) !== 16) {
return null;
}
$prefix = substr($packed, 0, 12);
if ($prefix !== str_repeat("\0", 10)."\xff\xff") {
return null;
}
$parts = unpack('C4', substr($packed, 12, 4));
if ($parts === false) {
return null;
}
return implode('.', $parts);
}
private function logBlockedHost(string $attribute, string $url, string $host): void
{
Log::warning('External URL points to internal host', [
'attribute' => $attribute,
'url' => $url,
'host' => $host,
'ip' => request()->ip(),
'user_id' => auth()->id(),
]);
}
private function logBlockedIp(string $attribute, string $url, string $host, string $resolvedIp): void
{
Log::warning('External URL resolves to private or reserved IP', [
'attribute' => $attribute,
'url' => $url,
'host' => $host,
'resolved_ip' => $resolvedIp,
'ip' => request()->ip(),
'user_id' => auth()->id(),
]);
}
}