Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/next' into feat/api/tag-management

# Conflicts:
#	app/Http/Controllers/Api/ApplicationsController.php

app/Actions/Application/StopApplication.php

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class StopApplication
 
     public string $jobQueue = 'high';
 
-    public function handle(Application $application, bool $previewDeployments = false, bool $dockerCleanup = true)
+    public function handle(Application $application, bool $previewDeployments = false, bool $dockerCleanup = true, bool $resetRestartCount = true)
     {
         $servers = collect([$application->destination->server]);
         if ($application?->additional_servers?->count() > 0) {
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@ class StopApplication
                     : getCurrentApplicationContainerStatus($server, $application->id, 0);
 
                 $containersToStop = $containers->pluck('Names')->toArray();
+                $timeout = $application->settings->stopGracePeriodSeconds();
 
                 foreach ($containersToStop as $containerName) {
                     instant_remote_process(command: [
-                        "docker stop -t 30 $containerName",
+                        "docker stop --time=$timeout $containerName",
                         "docker rm -f $containerName",
                     ], server: $server, throwError: false);
                 }
@@ -56,12 +57,17 @@ class StopApplication
             }
         }
 
-        // Reset restart tracking when application is manually stopped
-        $application->update([
-            'restart_count' => 0,
-            'last_restart_at' => null,
-            'last_restart_type' => null,
-        ]);
+        if ($resetRestartCount) {
+            $application->update([
+                'restart_count' => 0,
+                'last_restart_at' => null,
+                'last_restart_type' => null,
+            ]);
+        } else {
+            $application->update([
+                'status' => 'exited',
+            ]);
+        }
 
         ServiceStatusChanged::dispatch($application->environment->project->team->id);
     }

app/Actions/Application/StopApplicationOneServer.php

@@ -20,13 +20,15 @@ class StopApplicationOneServer
         }
         try {
             $containers = getCurrentApplicationContainerStatus($server, $application->id, 0);
+            $timeout = $application->settings->stopGracePeriodSeconds();
+
             if ($containers->count() > 0) {
                 foreach ($containers as $container) {
                     $containerName = data_get($container, 'Names');
                     if ($containerName) {
                         instant_remote_process(
                             [
-                                "docker stop -t 30 $containerName",
+                                "docker stop --time=$timeout $containerName",
                                 "docker rm -f $containerName",
                             ],
                             $server

app/Actions/Database/StartClickhouse.php

@@ -50,13 +50,9 @@ class StartClickhouse
                         ],
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => "clickhouse-client --user {$this->database->clickhouse_admin_user} --password {$this->database->clickhouse_admin_password} --query 'SELECT 1'",
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD', 'clickhouse-client', '--user', (string) $this->database->clickhouse_admin_user, '--password', (string) $this->database->clickhouse_admin_password, '--query', 'SELECT 1',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -98,6 +94,9 @@ class StartClickhouse
         $docker_run_options = convertDockerRunToCompose($this->database->custom_docker_run_options);
         $docker_compose = generateCustomDockerRunOptionsForDatabases($docker_run_options, $docker_compose, $container_name, $this->database->destination->network);
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";

app/Actions/Database/StartDatabase.php

@@ -11,12 +11,16 @@ use App\Models\StandaloneMysql;
 use App\Models\StandalonePostgresql;
 use App\Models\StandaloneRedis;
 use Lorisleiva\Actions\Concerns\AsAction;
+use Lorisleiva\Actions\Decorators\JobDecorator;
 
 class StartDatabase
 {
     use AsAction;
 
-    public string $jobQueue = 'high';
+    public function configureJob(JobDecorator $job): void
+    {
+        $job->onQueue(deployment_queue());
+    }
 
     public function handle(StandaloneRedis|StandalonePostgresql|StandaloneMongodb|StandaloneMysql|StandaloneMariadb|StandaloneKeydb|StandaloneDragonfly|StandaloneClickhouse $database)
     {
@@ -25,28 +29,28 @@ class StartDatabase
             return 'Server is not functional';
         }
         switch ($database->getMorphClass()) {
-            case \App\Models\StandalonePostgresql::class:
+            case StandalonePostgresql::class:
                 $activity = StartPostgresql::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneRedis::class:
+            case StandaloneRedis::class:
                 $activity = StartRedis::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneMongodb::class:
+            case StandaloneMongodb::class:
                 $activity = StartMongodb::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneMysql::class:
+            case StandaloneMysql::class:
                 $activity = StartMysql::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneMariadb::class:
+            case StandaloneMariadb::class:
                 $activity = StartMariadb::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneKeydb::class:
+            case StandaloneKeydb::class:
                 $activity = StartKeydb::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneDragonfly::class:
+            case StandaloneDragonfly::class:
                 $activity = StartDragonfly::run($database);
                 break;
-            case \App\Models\StandaloneClickhouse::class:
+            case StandaloneClickhouse::class:
                 $activity = StartClickhouse::run($database);
                 break;
         }

app/Actions/Database/StartDatabaseProxy.php

@@ -11,14 +11,19 @@ use App\Models\StandaloneMongodb;
 use App\Models\StandaloneMysql;
 use App\Models\StandalonePostgresql;
 use App\Models\StandaloneRedis;
+use App\Notifications\Container\ContainerRestarted;
 use Lorisleiva\Actions\Concerns\AsAction;
+use Lorisleiva\Actions\Decorators\JobDecorator;
 use Symfony\Component\Yaml\Yaml;
 
 class StartDatabaseProxy
 {
     use AsAction;
 
-    public string $jobQueue = 'high';
+    public function configureJob(JobDecorator $job): void
+    {
+        $job->onQueue(deployment_queue());
+    }
 
     public function handle(StandaloneRedis|StandalonePostgresql|StandaloneMongodb|StandaloneMysql|StandaloneMariadb|StandaloneKeydb|StandaloneDragonfly|StandaloneClickhouse|ServiceDatabase $database)
     {
@@ -29,7 +34,7 @@ class StartDatabaseProxy
         $proxyContainerName = "{$database->uuid}-proxy";
         $isSSLEnabled = $database->enable_ssl ?? false;
 
-        if ($database->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\ServiceDatabase::class) {
+        if ($database->getMorphClass() === ServiceDatabase::class) {
             $databaseType = $database->databaseType();
             $network = $database->service->uuid;
             $server = data_get($database, 'service.destination.server');
@@ -132,14 +137,12 @@ class StartDatabaseProxy
                     ?? data_get($database, 'service.environment.project.team');
 
                 $team?->notify(
-                    new \App\Notifications\Container\ContainerRestarted(
+                    new ContainerRestarted(
                         "TCP Proxy for {$database->name} database has been disabled due to error: {$e->getMessage()}",
                         $server,
                     )
                 );
 
-                ray("Database proxy for {$database->name} disabled due to non-transient error: {$e->getMessage()}");
-
                 return;
             }
 

app/Actions/Database/StartDragonfly.php

@@ -106,13 +106,9 @@ class StartDragonfly
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => "redis-cli -a {$this->database->dragonfly_password} ping",
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD', 'redis-cli', '-a', (string) $this->database->dragonfly_password, 'ping',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -182,6 +178,9 @@ class StartDragonfly
         $docker_run_options = convertDockerRunToCompose($this->database->custom_docker_run_options);
         $docker_compose = generateCustomDockerRunOptionsForDatabases($docker_run_options, $docker_compose, $container_name, $this->database->destination->network);
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";

app/Actions/Database/StartKeydb.php

@@ -108,13 +108,9 @@ class StartKeydb
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => "keydb-cli --pass {$this->database->keydb_password} ping",
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD', 'keydb-cli', '--pass', (string) $this->database->keydb_password, 'ping',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -166,7 +162,7 @@ class StartKeydb
             $docker_compose['volumes'] = $volume_names;
         }
 
-        if (! is_null($this->database->keydb_conf) || ! empty($this->database->keydb_conf)) {
+        if (! is_null($this->database->keydb_conf) && ! empty($this->database->keydb_conf)) {
             $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'] = array_merge(
                 $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'] ?? [],
                 [
@@ -197,6 +193,9 @@ class StartKeydb
         // Add custom docker run options
         $docker_run_options = convertDockerRunToCompose($this->database->custom_docker_run_options);
         $docker_compose = generateCustomDockerRunOptionsForDatabases($docker_run_options, $docker_compose, $container_name, $this->database->destination->network);
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";

app/Actions/Database/StartMariadb.php

@@ -103,13 +103,9 @@ class StartMariadb
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => ['CMD', 'healthcheck.sh', '--connect', '--innodb_initialized'],
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD', 'healthcheck.sh', '--connect', '--innodb_initialized',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -175,7 +171,7 @@ class StartMariadb
             );
         }
 
-        if (! is_null($this->database->mariadb_conf) || ! empty($this->database->mariadb_conf)) {
+        if (! is_null($this->database->mariadb_conf) && ! empty($this->database->mariadb_conf)) {
             $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'] = array_merge(
                 $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'],
                 [
@@ -202,6 +198,9 @@ class StartMariadb
             ];
         }
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";

app/Actions/Database/StartMongodb.php

@@ -109,17 +109,11 @@ class StartMongodb
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => [
-                            'CMD',
-                            'echo',
-                            'ok',
-                        ],
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD',
+                        'echo',
+                        'ok',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -253,6 +247,9 @@ class StartMongodb
             $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['command'] = $commandParts;
         }
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";
@@ -340,7 +337,10 @@ class StartMongodb
 
     private function add_default_database()
     {
-        $content = "db = db.getSiblingDB(\"{$this->database->mongo_initdb_database}\");db.createCollection('init_collection');db.createUser({user: \"{$this->database->mongo_initdb_root_username}\", pwd: \"{$this->database->mongo_initdb_root_password}\",roles: [{role:\"readWrite\",db:\"{$this->database->mongo_initdb_database}\"}]});";
+        $dbJson = json_encode($this->database->mongo_initdb_database, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
+        $userJson = json_encode($this->database->mongo_initdb_root_username, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
+        $pwdJson = json_encode($this->database->mongo_initdb_root_password, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
+        $content = "db = db.getSiblingDB({$dbJson});db.createCollection('init_collection');db.createUser({user: {$userJson}, pwd: {$pwdJson}, roles: [{role:\"readWrite\",db:{$dbJson}}]});";
         $content_base64 = base64_encode($content);
         $this->commands[] = "mkdir -p $this->configuration_dir/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d";
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$content_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/01-default-database.js > /dev/null";

app/Actions/Database/StartMysql.php

@@ -103,13 +103,9 @@ class StartMysql
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => ['CMD', 'mysqladmin', 'ping', '-h', 'localhost', '-u', 'root', "-p{$this->database->mysql_root_password}"],
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD', 'mysqladmin', 'ping', '-h', 'localhost', '-u', 'root', "-p{$this->database->mysql_root_password}",
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -175,7 +171,7 @@ class StartMysql
             );
         }
 
-        if (! is_null($this->database->mysql_conf) || ! empty($this->database->mysql_conf)) {
+        if (! is_null($this->database->mysql_conf) && ! empty($this->database->mysql_conf)) {
             $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'] = array_merge(
                 $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'] ?? [],
                 [
@@ -203,6 +199,9 @@ class StartMysql
             ];
         }
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";
@@ -215,7 +214,8 @@ class StartMysql
         $this->commands[] = "docker compose -f $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml up -d";
 
         if ($this->database->enable_ssl) {
-            $this->commands[] = executeInDocker($this->database->uuid, "chown {$this->database->mysql_user}:{$this->database->mysql_user} /etc/mysql/certs/server.crt /etc/mysql/certs/server.key");
+            $mysqlUser = escapeshellarg($this->database->mysql_user);
+            $this->commands[] = executeInDocker($this->database->uuid, "chown {$mysqlUser}:{$mysqlUser} /etc/mysql/certs/server.crt /etc/mysql/certs/server.key");
         }
 
         $this->commands[] = "echo 'Database started.'";

app/Actions/Database/StartPostgresql.php

@@ -110,16 +110,9 @@ class StartPostgresql
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => [
-                            'CMD-SHELL',
-                            "psql -U {$this->database->postgres_user} -d {$this->database->postgres_db} -c 'SELECT 1' || exit 1",
-                        ],
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD', 'psql', '-U', (string) $this->database->postgres_user, '-d', (string) $this->database->postgres_db, '-c', 'SELECT 1',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -216,6 +209,9 @@ class StartPostgresql
             $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['command'] = $command;
         }
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";
@@ -227,7 +223,8 @@ class StartPostgresql
         $this->commands[] = "docker rm -f $container_name 2>/dev/null || true";
         $this->commands[] = "docker compose -f $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml up -d";
         if ($this->database->enable_ssl) {
-            $this->commands[] = executeInDocker($this->database->uuid, "chown {$this->database->postgres_user}:{$this->database->postgres_user} /var/lib/postgresql/certs/server.key /var/lib/postgresql/certs/server.crt");
+            $postgresUser = escapeshellarg($this->database->postgres_user);
+            $this->commands[] = executeInDocker($this->database->uuid, "chown {$postgresUser}:{$postgresUser} /var/lib/postgresql/certs/server.key /var/lib/postgresql/certs/server.crt");
         }
         $this->commands[] = "echo 'Database started.'";
 
@@ -304,9 +301,18 @@ class StartPostgresql
         foreach ($this->database->init_scripts as $init_script) {
             $filename = data_get($init_script, 'filename');
             $content = data_get($init_script, 'content');
+
+            // Normalise filename without rejecting legacy values so previously created
+            // init scripts keep deploying. basename() strips any directory components
+            // (path traversal) and escapeshellarg() contains every shell metacharacter
+            // in the tee target. Livewire / API validate new filenames up front.
+            $filename = basename((string) $filename);
+
+            $target_path = "$this->configuration_dir/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/{$filename}";
+            $escaped_target = escapeshellarg($target_path);
             $content_base64 = base64_encode($content);
-            $this->commands[] = "echo '{$content_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/{$filename} > /dev/null";
-            $this->init_scripts[] = "$this->configuration_dir/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/{$filename}";
+            $this->commands[] = "echo '{$content_base64}' | base64 -d | tee {$escaped_target} > /dev/null";
+            $this->init_scripts[] = $target_path;
         }
     }
 

app/Actions/Database/StartRedis.php

@@ -105,17 +105,11 @@ class StartRedis
                         $this->database->destination->network,
                     ],
                     'labels' => defaultDatabaseLabels($this->database)->toArray(),
-                    'healthcheck' => [
-                        'test' => [
-                            'CMD-SHELL',
-                            'redis-cli',
-                            'ping',
-                        ],
-                        'interval' => '5s',
-                        'timeout' => '5s',
-                        'retries' => 10,
-                        'start_period' => '5s',
-                    ],
+                    'healthcheck' => $this->database->healthCheckConfiguration([
+                        'CMD-SHELL',
+                        'redis-cli',
+                        'ping',
+                    ]),
                     'mem_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory,
                     'memswap_limit' => $this->database->limits_memory_swap,
                     'mem_swappiness' => $this->database->limits_memory_swappiness,
@@ -181,7 +175,7 @@ class StartRedis
             );
         }
 
-        if (! is_null($this->database->redis_conf) || ! empty($this->database->redis_conf)) {
+        if (! is_null($this->database->redis_conf) && ! empty($this->database->redis_conf)) {
             $docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['volumes'][] = [
                 'type' => 'bind',
                 'source' => $this->configuration_dir.'/redis.conf',
@@ -194,6 +188,9 @@ class StartRedis
         $docker_run_options = convertDockerRunToCompose($this->database->custom_docker_run_options);
         $docker_compose = generateCustomDockerRunOptionsForDatabases($docker_run_options, $docker_compose, $container_name, $this->database->destination->network);
 
+        if (! $this->database->isHealthcheckEnabled()) {
+            unset($docker_compose['services'][$container_name]['healthcheck']);
+        }
         $docker_compose = Yaml::dump($docker_compose, 10);
         $docker_compose_base64 = base64_encode($docker_compose);
         $this->commands[] = "echo '{$docker_compose_base64}' | base64 -d | tee $this->configuration_dir/docker-compose.yml > /dev/null";

app/Actions/Destination/RemoveStandaloneDockerNetwork.php

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Actions\Destination;
+
+use App\Models\StandaloneDocker;
+
+class RemoveStandaloneDockerNetwork
+{
+    public function handle(StandaloneDocker $destination): void
+    {
+        $safeNetwork = escapeshellarg($destination->network);
+
+        instant_remote_process(["docker network disconnect {$safeNetwork} coolify-proxy"], $destination->server, throwError: false);
+        instant_remote_process(["docker network rm -f {$safeNetwork}"], $destination->server);
+    }
+}

app/Actions/Docker/GetContainersStatus.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Actions\Docker;
 
+use App\Actions\Application\StopApplication;
 use App\Actions\Database\StartDatabaseProxy;
 use App\Actions\Database\StopDatabaseProxy;
 use App\Actions\Shared\ComplexStatusCheck;
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ use App\Events\ServiceChecked;
 use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Models\ServiceDatabase;
+use App\Notifications\Application\RestartLimitReached as ApplicationRestartLimitReached;
 use App\Services\ContainerStatusAggregator;
 use App\Traits\CalculatesExcludedStatus;
 use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
@@ -464,7 +466,9 @@ class GetContainersStatus
                 }
 
                 // Wrap all database updates in a transaction to ensure consistency
-                DB::transaction(function () use ($application, $maxRestartCount, $containerStatuses) {
+                $restartLimitReached = false;
+
+                DB::transaction(function () use ($application, $maxRestartCount, $containerStatuses, &$restartLimitReached) {
                     $previousRestartCount = $application->restart_count ?? 0;
 
                     if ($maxRestartCount > $previousRestartCount) {
@@ -475,16 +479,10 @@ class GetContainersStatus
                             'last_restart_type' => 'crash',
                         ]);
 
-                        // Send notification
-                        $containerName = $application->name;
-                        $projectUuid = data_get($application, 'environment.project.uuid');
-                        $environmentName = data_get($application, 'environment.name');
-                        $applicationUuid = data_get($application, 'uuid');
-
-                        if ($projectUuid && $applicationUuid && $environmentName) {
-                            $url = base_url().'/project/'.$projectUuid.'/'.$environmentName.'/application/'.$applicationUuid;
-                        } else {
-                            $url = null;
+                        // Check if restart limit has been reached
+                        $maxAllowedRestarts = $application->max_restart_count ?? 0;
+                        if ($maxAllowedRestarts > 0 && $maxRestartCount >= $maxAllowedRestarts && $previousRestartCount < $maxAllowedRestarts) {
+                            $restartLimitReached = true;
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -499,6 +497,12 @@ class GetContainersStatus
                         }
                     }
                 });
+
+                if ($restartLimitReached) {
+                    $application->refresh();
+                    StopApplication::dispatch($application, false, true, false);
+                    $application->environment->project->team?->notify(new ApplicationRestartLimitReached($application));
+                }
             }
         }
 

app/Actions/Fortify/CreateNewUser.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Actions\Fortify;
 
+use App\Models\Team;
 use App\Models\User;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
@@ -44,7 +45,10 @@ class CreateNewUser implements CreatesNewUsers
                 'password' => Hash::make($input['password']),
             ]);
             $user->save();
-            $team = $user->teams()->first();
+            $team = $user->teams()->first() ?? Team::find(0);
+            if ($team !== null && ! $user->teams()->where('team_id', $team->id)->exists()) {
+                $user->teams()->attach($team, ['role' => 'owner']);
+            }
 
             // Disable registration after first user is created
             $settings = instanceSettings();

app/Actions/Fortify/ResetUserPassword.php

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class ResetUserPassword implements ResetsUserPasswords
             'password' => ['required', Password::defaults(), 'confirmed'],
         ])->validate();
 
-        $user->forceFill([
+        $user->fill([
             'password' => Hash::make($input['password']),
         ])->save();
         $user->deleteAllSessions();

app/Actions/Fortify/UpdateUserPassword.php

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class UpdateUserPassword implements UpdatesUserPasswords
             'current_password.current_password' => __('The provided password does not match your current password.'),
         ])->validateWithBag('updatePassword');
 
-        $user->forceFill([
+        $user->fill([
             'password' => Hash::make($input['password']),
         ])->save();
     }

app/Actions/Fortify/UpdateUserProfileInformation.php

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class UpdateUserProfileInformation implements UpdatesUserProfileInformation
         ) {
             $this->updateVerifiedUser($user, $input);
         } else {
-            $user->forceFill([
+            $user->fill([
                 'name' => $input['name'],
                 'email' => $input['email'],
             ])->save();
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class UpdateUserProfileInformation implements UpdatesUserProfileInformation
      */
     protected function updateVerifiedUser(User $user, array $input): void
     {
-        $user->forceFill([
+        $user->fill([
             'name' => $input['name'],
             'email' => $input['email'],
             'email_verified_at' => null,

app/Actions/Server/CleanupDocker.php

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class CleanupDocker
         $realtimeImageWithoutPrefixVersion = "coollabsio/coolify-realtime:$realtimeImageVersion";
 
         $helperImageVersion = getHelperVersion();
-        $helperImage = config('constants.coolify.helper_image');
+        $helperImage = coolifyHelperImage();
         $helperImageWithVersion = "$helperImage:$helperImageVersion";
         $helperImageWithoutPrefix = 'coollabsio/coolify-helper';
         $helperImageWithoutPrefixVersion = "coollabsio/coolify-helper:$helperImageVersion";
@@ -48,9 +48,10 @@ class CleanupDocker
         );
 
         $commands = [
-            'docker container prune -f --filter "label=coolify.managed=true" --filter "label!=coolify.proxy=true"',
+            'docker container prune -f --filter "label=coolify.managed=true" --filter "label!=coolify.proxy=true" --filter "label!=coolify.type=database" --filter "label!=coolify.type=application" --filter "label!=coolify.type=service"',
             $imagePruneCmd,
             'docker builder prune -af',
+            "docker run --rm -v \$HOME/.docker/buildx:/root/.docker/buildx -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock {$helperImageWithVersion} docker buildx prune --builder coolify-railpack -af 2>/dev/null || true",
             "docker images --filter before=$helperImageWithVersion --filter reference=$helperImage | grep $helperImage | awk '{print $3}' | xargs -r docker rmi -f",
             "docker images --filter before=$realtimeImageWithVersion --filter reference=$realtimeImage | grep $realtimeImage | awk '{print $3}' | xargs -r docker rmi -f",
             "docker images --filter before=$helperImageWithoutPrefixVersion --filter reference=$helperImageWithoutPrefix | grep $helperImageWithoutPrefix | awk '{print $3}' | xargs -r docker rmi -f",

app/Actions/Server/DeleteServer.php

@@ -26,22 +26,14 @@ class DeleteServer
             );
         }
 
-        ray($server ? 'Deleting server from Coolify' : 'Server already deleted from Coolify, skipping Coolify deletion');
-
         // If server is already deleted from Coolify, skip this part
         if (! $server) {
             return; // Server already force deleted from Coolify
         }
 
-        ray('force deleting server from Coolify', ['server_id' => $server->id]);
-
         try {
             $server->forceDelete();
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            ray('Failed to force delete server from Coolify', [
-                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
-                'server_id' => $server->id,
-            ]);
             logger()->error('Failed to force delete server from Coolify', [
                 'error' => $e->getMessage(),
                 'server_id' => $server->id,
@@ -66,10 +58,6 @@ class DeleteServer
             }
 
             if (! $token) {
-                ray('No Hetzner token found for team, skipping Hetzner deletion', [
-                    'team_id' => $teamId,
-                    'hetzner_server_id' => $hetznerServerId,
-                ]);
 
                 return;
             }
@@ -77,16 +65,7 @@ class DeleteServer
             $hetznerService = new HetznerService($token->token);
             $hetznerService->deleteServer($hetznerServerId);
 
-            ray('Deleted server from Hetzner', [
-                'hetzner_server_id' => $hetznerServerId,
-                'team_id' => $teamId,
-            ]);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            ray('Failed to delete server from Hetzner', [
-                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
-                'hetzner_server_id' => $hetznerServerId,
-                'team_id' => $teamId,
-            ]);
 
             // Log the error but don't prevent the server from being deleted from Coolify
             logger()->error('Failed to delete server from Hetzner', [

app/Actions/Server/ResourcesCheck.php

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace App\Actions\Server;
-
-use App\Models\Application;
-use App\Models\ServiceApplication;
-use App\Models\ServiceDatabase;
-use App\Models\StandaloneClickhouse;
-use App\Models\StandaloneDragonfly;
-use App\Models\StandaloneKeydb;
-use App\Models\StandaloneMariadb;
-use App\Models\StandaloneMongodb;
-use App\Models\StandaloneMysql;
-use App\Models\StandalonePostgresql;
-use App\Models\StandaloneRedis;
-use Lorisleiva\Actions\Concerns\AsAction;
-
-class ResourcesCheck
-{
-    use AsAction;
-
-    public function handle()
-    {
-        $seconds = 60;
-        try {
-            Application::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            ServiceApplication::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            ServiceDatabase::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandalonePostgresql::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneRedis::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneMongodb::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneMysql::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneMariadb::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneKeydb::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneDragonfly::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-            StandaloneClickhouse::where('last_online_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($seconds))->update(['status' => 'exited']);
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            return handleError($e);
-        }
-    }
-}

app/Actions/Server/StartLogDrain.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Actions\Server;
 
 use App\Models\Server;
+use App\Models\Service;
 use Lorisleiva\Actions\Concerns\AsAction;
 
 class StartLogDrain
@@ -201,10 +202,29 @@ Files:
                 "echo 'Starting Fluent Bit'",
                 "cd $config_path && docker compose up -d",
             ];
+            $command = array_merge($command, $this->logDrainNetworkConnectCommands($server));
 
             return instant_remote_process($command, $server);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             return handleError($e);
         }
     }
+
+    private function logDrainNetworkConnectCommands(Server $server): array
+    {
+        if (! $server->isLogDrainEnabled()) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        return $server->services()
+            ->with('destination')
+            ->where('connect_to_docker_network', true)
+            ->get()
+            ->map(fn (Service $service) => data_get($service, 'destination.network'))
+            ->filter()
+            ->unique()
+            ->map(fn (string $network) => 'docker network connect '.escapeshellarg($network).' coolify-log-drain >/dev/null 2>&1 || true')
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+    }
 }

app/Actions/Server/StartSentinel.php

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ namespace App\Actions\Server;
 
 use App\Events\SentinelRestarted;
 use App\Models\Server;
-use App\Models\ServerSetting;
 use Lorisleiva\Actions\Concerns\AsAction;
 
 class StartSentinel
@@ -23,14 +22,11 @@ class StartSentinel
         $metricsHistory = data_get($server, 'settings.sentinel_metrics_history_days');
         $refreshRate = data_get($server, 'settings.sentinel_metrics_refresh_rate_seconds');
         $pushInterval = data_get($server, 'settings.sentinel_push_interval_seconds');
-        $token = data_get($server, 'settings.sentinel_token');
-        if (! ServerSetting::isValidSentinelToken($token)) {
-            throw new \RuntimeException('Invalid sentinel token format. Token must contain only alphanumeric characters, dots, hyphens, and underscores.');
-        }
+        $token = $server->settings->ensureValidSentinelToken();
         $endpoint = data_get($server, 'settings.sentinel_custom_url');
         $debug = data_get($server, 'settings.is_sentinel_debug_enabled');
         $mountDir = '/data/coolify/sentinel';
-        $image = config('constants.coolify.registry_url').'/coollabsio/sentinel:'.$version;
+        $image = coolifyRegistryUrl().'/coollabsio/sentinel:'.$version;
         if (! $endpoint) {
             throw new \RuntimeException('You should set FQDN in Instance Settings.');
         }

app/Actions/Server/UpdateCoolify.php

@@ -118,10 +118,14 @@ class UpdateCoolify
     {
         $latestHelperImageVersion = getHelperVersion();
         $upgradeScriptUrl = config('constants.coolify.upgrade_script_url');
+        $registryUrl = coolifyRegistryUrl();
 
         remote_process([
             "curl -fsSL {$upgradeScriptUrl} -o /data/coolify/source/upgrade.sh",
-            "bash /data/coolify/source/upgrade.sh $this->latestVersion $latestHelperImageVersion",
+            'bash /data/coolify/source/upgrade.sh '.
+                escapeshellarg($this->latestVersion).' '.
+                escapeshellarg($latestHelperImageVersion).' '.
+                escapeshellarg($registryUrl),
         ], $this->server);
     }
 }

app/Actions/Service/RestartService.php

@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ class RestartService
 
     public function handle(Service $service, bool $pullLatestImages)
     {
-        StopService::run($service);
-
-        return StartService::run($service, $pullLatestImages);
+        return StartService::run(
+            service: $service,
+            pullLatestImages: $pullLatestImages,
+            stopBeforeStart: true,
+        );
     }
 }

app/Actions/Service/StartService.php

@@ -4,18 +4,22 @@ namespace App\Actions\Service;
 
 use App\Models\Service;
 use Lorisleiva\Actions\Concerns\AsAction;
+use Lorisleiva\Actions\Decorators\JobDecorator;
 use Symfony\Component\Yaml\Yaml;
 
 class StartService
 {
     use AsAction;
 
-    public string $jobQueue = 'high';
+    public function configureJob(JobDecorator $job): void
+    {
+        $job->onQueue(deployment_queue());
+    }
 
     public function handle(Service $service, bool $pullLatestImages = false, bool $stopBeforeStart = false)
     {
         $service->parse();
-        if ($stopBeforeStart) {
+        if ($this->shouldStopBeforeStarting($pullLatestImages, $stopBeforeStart)) {
             StopService::run(service: $service, dockerCleanup: false);
         }
         $service->saveComposeConfigs();
@@ -46,7 +50,34 @@ class StartService
                 $commands[] = "docker network connect --alias {$serviceName}-{$service->uuid} {$safeNetwork} {$serviceName}-{$service->uuid} >/dev/null 2>&1 || true";
             }
         }
+        $commands = array_merge($commands, $this->logDrainNetworkConnectCommands($service));
 
         return remote_process($commands, $service->server, type_uuid: $service->uuid, callEventOnFinish: 'ServiceStatusChanged');
     }
+
+    private function logDrainNetworkConnectCommands(Service $service): array
+    {
+        if (! data_get($service, 'connect_to_docker_network')) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        if (! $service->destination?->server?->isLogDrainEnabled()) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        $network = data_get($service, 'destination.network');
+
+        if (blank($network)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        return [
+            'docker network connect '.escapeshellarg($network).' coolify-log-drain >/dev/null 2>&1 || true',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private function shouldStopBeforeStarting(bool $pullLatestImages, bool $stopBeforeStart): bool
+    {
+        return $stopBeforeStart && ! $pullLatestImages;
+    }
 }

app/Actions/Stripe/CancelSubscription.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace App\Actions\Stripe;
 use App\Models\Subscription;
 use App\Models\User;
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException;
 use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class CancelSubscription
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ class CancelSubscription
         $this->isDryRun = $isDryRun;
 
         if (! $isDryRun && isCloud()) {
-            $this->stripe = new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+            $this->stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
         }
     }
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ class CancelSubscription
             ];
         }
 
-        $stripe = new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
         $subscriptions = $this->getSubscriptionsPreview();
 
         $verified = collect();
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ class CancelSubscription
                         'reason' => "Status in Stripe: {$stripeSubscription->status}",
                     ]);
                 }
-            } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+            } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
                 // Subscription doesn't exist in Stripe
                 $notFound->push([
                     'subscription' => $subscription,
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ class CancelSubscription
                 return false;
             }
 
-            $stripe = new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+            $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
             $stripe->subscriptions->cancel($subscriptionId, []);
 
             // Update local record if exists

app/Actions/Stripe/CancelSubscriptionAtPeriodEnd.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Actions\Stripe;
 
 use App\Models\Team;
+use Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException;
 use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class CancelSubscriptionAtPeriodEnd
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ class CancelSubscriptionAtPeriodEnd
 
     public function __construct(?StripeClient $stripe = null)
     {
-        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? app(StripeClient::class);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ class CancelSubscriptionAtPeriodEnd
             \Log::info("Subscription {$subscription->stripe_subscription_id} set to cancel at period end for team {$team->name}");
 
             return ['success' => true, 'error' => null];
-        } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+        } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
             \Log::error("Stripe cancel at period end error for team {$team->id}: ".$e->getMessage());
 
             return ['success' => false, 'error' => 'Stripe error: '.$e->getMessage()];

app/Actions/Stripe/RefundSubscription.php

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 namespace App\Actions\Stripe;
 
 use App\Models\Team;
+use Carbon\Carbon;
+use Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException;
 use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class RefundSubscription
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@ class RefundSubscription
 
     public function __construct(?StripeClient $stripe = null)
     {
-        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? app(StripeClient::class);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ class RefundSubscription
 
         try {
             $stripeSubscription = $this->stripe->subscriptions->retrieve($subscription->stripe_subscription_id);
-        } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+        } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
             return $this->ineligible('Subscription not found in Stripe.');
         }
 
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ class RefundSubscription
             return $this->ineligible("Subscription status is '{$stripeSubscription->status}'.", $currentPeriodEnd);
         }
 
-        $startDate = \Carbon\Carbon::createFromTimestamp($stripeSubscription->start_date);
+        $startDate = Carbon::createFromTimestamp($stripeSubscription->start_date);
         $daysSinceStart = (int) $startDate->diffInDays(now());
         $daysRemaining = self::REFUND_WINDOW_DAYS - $daysSinceStart;
 
@@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ class RefundSubscription
             \Log::info("Refunded and cancelled subscription {$subscription->stripe_subscription_id} for team {$team->name}");
 
             return ['success' => true, 'error' => null];
-        } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+        } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
             \Log::error("Stripe refund error for team {$team->id}: ".$e->getMessage());
 
             return ['success' => false, 'error' => 'Stripe error: '.$e->getMessage()];

app/Actions/Stripe/ResumeSubscription.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Actions\Stripe;
 
 use App\Models\Team;
+use Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException;
 use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class ResumeSubscription
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ class ResumeSubscription
 
     public function __construct(?StripeClient $stripe = null)
     {
-        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? app(StripeClient::class);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ class ResumeSubscription
             \Log::info("Subscription {$subscription->stripe_subscription_id} resumed for team {$team->name}");
 
             return ['success' => true, 'error' => null];
-        } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+        } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
             \Log::error("Stripe resume subscription error for team {$team->id}: ".$e->getMessage());
 
             return ['success' => false, 'error' => 'Stripe error: '.$e->getMessage()];

app/Actions/Stripe/UpdateSubscriptionQuantity.php

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class UpdateSubscriptionQuantity
 
     public function __construct(?StripeClient $stripe = null)
     {
-        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? new StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $this->stripe = $stripe ?? app(StripeClient::class);
     }
 
     /**

app/Actions/User/DeleteUserTeams.php

@@ -137,9 +137,11 @@ class DeleteUserTeams
 
                 // Update the new owner's role to owner
                 $team->members()->updateExistingPivot($newOwner->id, ['role' => 'owner']);
+                RevokeUserTeamTokens::forUserTeam($newOwner, $team->id);
 
                 // Remove the current user from the team
                 $team->members()->detach($this->user->id);
+                RevokeUserTeamTokens::forUserTeam($this->user, $team->id);
 
                 $counts['transferred']++;
             } catch (\Exception $e) {
@@ -152,6 +154,7 @@ class DeleteUserTeams
         foreach ($preview['to_leave'] as $team) {
             try {
                 $team->members()->detach($this->user->id);
+                RevokeUserTeamTokens::forUserTeam($this->user, $team->id);
                 $counts['left']++;
             } catch (\Exception $e) {
                 \Log::error("Failed to remove user from team {$team->id}: ".$e->getMessage());

app/Actions/User/RevokeUserTeamTokens.php

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Actions\User;
+
+use App\Models\PersonalAccessToken;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
+
+class RevokeUserTeamTokens
+{
+    public static function forUserTeam(User|int $user, int|string $teamId): int
+    {
+        return self::baseQuery()
+            ->where('tokenable_id', self::userId($user))
+            ->where('team_id', $teamId)
+            ->delete();
+    }
+
+    public static function forUser(User|int $user): int
+    {
+        return self::baseQuery()
+            ->where('tokenable_id', self::userId($user))
+            ->delete();
+    }
+
+    public static function forTeam(int|string $teamId): int
+    {
+        return self::baseQuery()
+            ->where('team_id', $teamId)
+            ->delete();
+    }
+
+    private static function baseQuery(): Builder
+    {
+        return PersonalAccessToken::query()
+            ->where('tokenable_type', User::class);
+    }
+
+    private static function userId(User|int $user): int
+    {
+        return $user instanceof User ? $user->id : $user;
+    }
+}

app/Casts/EncryptedArrayCast.php

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Casts;
+
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Eloquent\CastsAttributes;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Encryption\DecryptException;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Crypt;
+
+/**
+ * Stores an array as an encrypted JSON string at rest. Tolerates legacy
+ * plaintext JSON rows written before the column was encrypted, so existing
+ * snapshots keep decoding instead of throwing.
+ *
+ * @implements CastsAttributes<array<mixed>|null, array<mixed>|null>
+ */
+class EncryptedArrayCast implements CastsAttributes
+{
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $attributes
+     * @return array<mixed>|null
+     */
+    public function get(Model $model, string $key, mixed $value, array $attributes): ?array
+    {
+        if ($value === null || $value === '') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $value = Crypt::decryptString($value);
+        } catch (DecryptException) {
+            // Legacy plaintext JSON written before this column was encrypted.
+        }
+
+        $decoded = json_decode((string) $value, true);
+
+        return is_array($decoded) ? $decoded : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $attributes
+     */
+    public function set(Model $model, string $key, mixed $value, array $attributes): ?string
+    {
+        if ($value === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return Crypt::encryptString(json_encode($value, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR));
+    }
+}

app/Console/Commands/CleanupUnreachableServers.php

@@ -18,9 +18,13 @@ class CleanupUnreachableServers extends Command
         if ($servers->count() > 0) {
             foreach ($servers as $server) {
                 echo "Cleanup unreachable server ($server->id) with name $server->name";
-                $server->update([
-                    'ip' => '1.2.3.4',
-                ]);
+                if (isCloud()) {
+                    $server->update([
+                        'ip' => '1.2.3.4',
+                    ]);
+                } else {
+                    $server->forceDisableServer();
+                }
             }
         }
     }

app/Console/Commands/Cloud/CloudFixSubscription.php

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ namespace App\Console\Commands\Cloud;
 
 use App\Models\Team;
 use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+use Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException;
+use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
 {
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
      */
     public function handle()
     {
-        $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
 
         if ($this->option('verify-all')) {
             return $this->verifyAllActiveSubscriptions($stripe);
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
     /**
      * Fix canceled subscriptions in the database
      */
-    private function fixCanceledSubscriptions(\Stripe\StripeClient $stripe)
+    private function fixCanceledSubscriptions(StripeClient $stripe)
     {
         $isDryRun = $this->option('dry-run');
         $checkOne = $this->option('one');
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
                         break;
                     }
                 }
-            } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+            } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
                 if ($e->getStripeCode() === 'resource_missing') {
                     $toFixCount++;
 
@@ -326,7 +328,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
     /**
      * Verify all active subscriptions against Stripe API
      */
-    private function verifyAllActiveSubscriptions(\Stripe\StripeClient $stripe)
+    private function verifyAllActiveSubscriptions(StripeClient $stripe)
     {
         $isDryRun = $this->option('dry-run');
         $shouldFix = $this->option('fix-verified');
@@ -570,7 +572,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
                             break;
                     }
 
-                } catch (\Stripe\Exception\InvalidRequestException $e) {
+                } catch (InvalidRequestException $e) {
                     $this->error('  → Error: '.$e->getMessage());
 
                     if ($e->getStripeCode() === 'resource_missing' || $e->getHttpStatus() === 404) {
@@ -730,7 +732,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
     /**
      * Search for subscriptions by customer ID
      */
-    private function searchSubscriptionsByCustomer(\Stripe\StripeClient $stripe, $customerId, $requireActive = false)
+    private function searchSubscriptionsByCustomer(StripeClient $stripe, $customerId, $requireActive = false)
     {
         try {
             $subscriptions = $stripe->subscriptions->all([
@@ -770,7 +772,7 @@ class CloudFixSubscription extends Command
     /**
      * Search for subscriptions by team member emails
      */
-    private function searchSubscriptionsByEmails(\Stripe\StripeClient $stripe, $emails)
+    private function searchSubscriptionsByEmails(StripeClient $stripe, $emails)
     {
         $this->line('  → Searching by team member emails...');
 

app/Console/Commands/Emails.php

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ use Exception;
 use Illuminate\Console\Command;
 use Illuminate\Mail\Message;
 use Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 use Mail;
 
 use function Laravel\Prompts\confirm;

app/Console/Commands/Generate/Services.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace App\Console\Commands\Generate;
 
 use Illuminate\Console\Command;
 use Illuminate\Support\Arr;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Process;
 use Symfony\Component\Yaml\Yaml;
 
 class Services extends Command
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ class Services extends Command
             'category' => $data->get('category'),
             'logo' => $data->get('logo', 'svgs/default.webp'),
             'minversion' => $data->get('minversion', '0.0.0'),
+            'template_last_updated_at' => $this->templateLastUpdatedAt($file),
         ];
 
         if ($port = $data->get('port')) {
@@ -88,9 +90,37 @@ class Services extends Command
             $payload['envs'] = base64_encode($envFileContent);
         }
 
+        if (str($data->get('amd_only'))->toBoolean()) {
+            $payload['amd_only'] = true;
+        }
+
+        if (str($data->get('arm_only'))->toBoolean()) {
+            $payload['arm_only'] = true;
+        }
+
         return $payload;
     }
 
+    private function templateLastUpdatedAt(string $file): ?string
+    {
+        $process = Process::path(base_path())->run([
+            'git',
+            'log',
+            '-1',
+            '--format=%cI',
+            '--',
+            "templates/compose/{$file}",
+        ]);
+
+        if ($process->failed()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $timestamp = trim($process->output());
+
+        return $timestamp === '' ? null : $timestamp;
+    }
+
     private function generateServiceTemplatesWithFqdn(): void
     {
         $serviceTemplatesWithFqdn = collect(array_merge(
@@ -147,6 +177,7 @@ class Services extends Command
             'category' => $data->get('category'),
             'logo' => $data->get('logo', 'svgs/default.webp'),
             'minversion' => $data->get('minversion', '0.0.0'),
+            'template_last_updated_at' => $this->templateLastUpdatedAt($file),
         ];
 
         if ($port = $data->get('port')) {
@@ -160,6 +191,14 @@ class Services extends Command
             $payload['envs'] = base64_encode($modifiedEnvContent);
         }
 
+        if (str($data->get('amd_only'))->toBoolean()) {
+            $payload['amd_only'] = true;
+        }
+
+        if (str($data->get('arm_only'))->toBoolean()) {
+            $payload['arm_only'] = true;
+        }
+
         return $payload;
     }
 
@@ -216,6 +255,7 @@ class Services extends Command
             'category' => $data->get('category'),
             'logo' => $data->get('logo', 'svgs/default.webp'),
             'minversion' => $data->get('minversion', '0.0.0'),
+            'template_last_updated_at' => $this->templateLastUpdatedAt($file),
         ];
 
         if ($port = $data->get('port')) {
@@ -229,6 +269,14 @@ class Services extends Command
             $payload['envs'] = $modifiedEnvContent;
         }
 
+        if (str($data->get('amd_only'))->toBoolean()) {
+            $payload['amd_only'] = true;
+        }
+
+        if (str($data->get('arm_only'))->toBoolean()) {
+            $payload['arm_only'] = true;
+        }
+
         return $payload;
     }
 }

app/Console/Commands/Init.php

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ class Init extends Command
                             'save_s3' => false,
                             'frequency' => '0 0 * * *',
                             'database_id' => $database->id,
-                            'database_type' => \App\Models\StandalonePostgresql::class,
+                            'database_type' => StandalonePostgresql::class,
                             'team_id' => 0,
                         ]);
                     }

app/Console/Commands/SyncBunny.php

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
      *
      * @var string
      */
-    protected $signature = 'sync:bunny {--templates} {--release} {--github-releases} {--github-versions} {--nightly}';
+    protected $signature = 'sync:bunny {--templates} {--release} {--nightly}';
 
     /**
      * The console command description.
@@ -25,650 +25,6 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
      */
     protected $description = 'Sync files to BunnyCDN';
 
-    /**
-     * Fetch GitHub releases and sync to GitHub repository
-     */
-    private function syncReleasesToGitHubRepo(): bool
-    {
-        $this->info('Fetching releases from GitHub...');
-        try {
-            $response = Http::timeout(30)
-                ->get('https://api.github.com/repos/coollabsio/coolify/releases', [
-                    'per_page' => 30,  // Fetch more releases for better changelog
-                ]);
-
-            if (! $response->successful()) {
-                $this->error('Failed to fetch releases from GitHub: '.$response->status());
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $releases = $response->json();
-            $timestamp = time();
-            $tmpDir = sys_get_temp_dir().'/coolify-cdn-'.$timestamp;
-            $branchName = 'update-releases-'.$timestamp;
-
-            // Clone the repository
-            $this->info('Cloning coolify-cdn repository...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('gh repo clone coollabsio/coolify-cdn '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to clone repository: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Create feature branch
-            $this->info('Creating feature branch...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git checkout -b '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Write releases.json
-            $this->info('Writing releases.json...');
-            $releasesPath = "$tmpDir/json/releases.json";
-            $releasesDir = dirname($releasesPath);
-
-            // Ensure directory exists
-            if (! is_dir($releasesDir)) {
-                $this->info("Creating directory: $releasesDir");
-                if (! mkdir($releasesDir, 0755, true)) {
-                    $this->error("Failed to create directory: $releasesDir");
-                    exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-
-            $jsonContent = json_encode($releases, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
-            $bytesWritten = file_put_contents($releasesPath, $jsonContent);
-
-            if ($bytesWritten === false) {
-                $this->error("Failed to write releases.json to: $releasesPath");
-                $this->error('Possible reasons: permission denied or disk full.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Stage and commit
-            $this->info('Committing changes...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git add json/releases.json 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to stage changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $this->info('Checking for changes...');
-            $statusOutput = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git status --porcelain json/releases.json 2>&1', $statusOutput, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to check repository status: '.implode("\n", $statusOutput));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (empty(array_filter($statusOutput))) {
-                $this->info('Releases are already up to date. No changes to commit.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            $commitMessage = 'Update releases.json with latest releases - '.date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git commit -m '.escapeshellarg($commitMessage).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to commit changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Push to remote
-            $this->info('Pushing branch to remote...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git push origin '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to push branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Create pull request
-            $this->info('Creating pull request...');
-            $prTitle = 'Update releases.json - '.date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $prBody = 'Automated update of releases.json with latest '.count($releases).' releases from GitHub API';
-            $prCommand = 'gh pr create --repo coollabsio/coolify-cdn --title '.escapeshellarg($prTitle).' --body '.escapeshellarg($prBody).' --base main --head '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1';
-            $output = [];
-            exec($prCommand, $output, $returnCode);
-
-            // Clean up
-            exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create PR: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $this->info('Pull request created successfully!');
-            if (! empty($output)) {
-                $this->info('PR Output: '.implode("\n", $output));
-            }
-            $this->info('Total releases synced: '.count($releases));
-
-            return true;
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            $this->error('Error syncing releases: '.$e->getMessage());
-
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sync both releases.json and versions.json to GitHub repository in one PR
-     */
-    private function syncReleasesAndVersionsToGitHubRepo(string $versionsLocation, bool $nightly = false): bool
-    {
-        $this->info('Syncing releases.json and versions.json to GitHub repository...');
-        try {
-            // 1. Fetch releases from GitHub API
-            $this->info('Fetching releases from GitHub API...');
-            $response = Http::timeout(30)
-                ->get('https://api.github.com/repos/coollabsio/coolify/releases', [
-                    'per_page' => 30,
-                ]);
-
-            if (! $response->successful()) {
-                $this->error('Failed to fetch releases from GitHub: '.$response->status());
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $releases = $response->json();
-
-            // 2. Read versions.json
-            if (! file_exists($versionsLocation)) {
-                $this->error("versions.json not found at: $versionsLocation");
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $file = file_get_contents($versionsLocation);
-            $versionsJson = json_decode($file, true);
-            $actualVersion = data_get($versionsJson, 'coolify.v4.version');
-
-            $timestamp = time();
-            $tmpDir = sys_get_temp_dir().'/coolify-cdn-combined-'.$timestamp;
-            $branchName = 'update-releases-and-versions-'.$timestamp;
-            $versionsTargetPath = $nightly ? 'json/versions-nightly.json' : 'json/versions.json';
-
-            // 3. Clone the repository
-            $this->info('Cloning coolify-cdn repository...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('gh repo clone coollabsio/coolify-cdn '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to clone repository: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 4. Create feature branch
-            $this->info('Creating feature branch...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git checkout -b '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 5. Write releases.json
-            $this->info('Writing releases.json...');
-            $releasesPath = "$tmpDir/json/releases.json";
-            $releasesDir = dirname($releasesPath);
-
-            if (! is_dir($releasesDir)) {
-                if (! mkdir($releasesDir, 0755, true)) {
-                    $this->error("Failed to create directory: $releasesDir");
-                    exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-
-            $releasesJsonContent = json_encode($releases, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
-            if (file_put_contents($releasesPath, $releasesJsonContent) === false) {
-                $this->error("Failed to write releases.json to: $releasesPath");
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 6. Write versions.json
-            $this->info('Writing versions.json...');
-            $versionsPath = "$tmpDir/$versionsTargetPath";
-            $versionsDir = dirname($versionsPath);
-
-            if (! is_dir($versionsDir)) {
-                if (! mkdir($versionsDir, 0755, true)) {
-                    $this->error("Failed to create directory: $versionsDir");
-                    exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-
-            $versionsJsonContent = json_encode($versionsJson, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
-            if (file_put_contents($versionsPath, $versionsJsonContent) === false) {
-                $this->error("Failed to write versions.json to: $versionsPath");
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 7. Stage both files
-            $this->info('Staging changes...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git add json/releases.json '.escapeshellarg($versionsTargetPath).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to stage changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 8. Check for changes
-            $this->info('Checking for changes...');
-            $statusOutput = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git status --porcelain 2>&1', $statusOutput, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to check repository status: '.implode("\n", $statusOutput));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (empty(array_filter($statusOutput))) {
-                $this->info('Both files are already up to date. No changes to commit.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            // 9. Commit changes
-            $envLabel = $nightly ? 'NIGHTLY' : 'PRODUCTION';
-            $commitMessage = "Update releases.json and $envLabel versions.json to $actualVersion - ".date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git commit -m '.escapeshellarg($commitMessage).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to commit changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 10. Push to remote
-            $this->info('Pushing branch to remote...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git push origin '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to push branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // 11. Create pull request
-            $this->info('Creating pull request...');
-            $prTitle = "Update releases.json and $envLabel versions.json to $actualVersion - ".date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $prBody = "Automated update:\n- releases.json with latest ".count($releases)." releases from GitHub API\n- $envLabel versions.json to version $actualVersion";
-            $prCommand = 'gh pr create --repo coollabsio/coolify-cdn --title '.escapeshellarg($prTitle).' --body '.escapeshellarg($prBody).' --base main --head '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1';
-            $output = [];
-            exec($prCommand, $output, $returnCode);
-
-            // 12. Clean up
-            exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create PR: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $this->info('Pull request created successfully!');
-            if (! empty($output)) {
-                $this->info('PR URL: '.implode("\n", $output));
-            }
-            $this->info("Version synced: $actualVersion");
-            $this->info('Total releases synced: '.count($releases));
-
-            return true;
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            $this->error('Error syncing to GitHub: '.$e->getMessage());
-
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sync install.sh, docker-compose, and env files to GitHub repository via PR
-     */
-    private function syncFilesToGitHubRepo(array $files, bool $nightly = false): bool
-    {
-        $envLabel = $nightly ? 'NIGHTLY' : 'PRODUCTION';
-        $this->info("Syncing $envLabel files to GitHub repository...");
-        try {
-            $timestamp = time();
-            $tmpDir = sys_get_temp_dir().'/coolify-cdn-files-'.$timestamp;
-            $branchName = 'update-files-'.$timestamp;
-
-            // Clone the repository
-            $this->info('Cloning coolify-cdn repository...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('gh repo clone coollabsio/coolify-cdn '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to clone repository: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Create feature branch
-            $this->info('Creating feature branch...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git checkout -b '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Copy each file to its target path in the CDN repo
-            $copiedFiles = [];
-            foreach ($files as $sourceFile => $targetPath) {
-                if (! file_exists($sourceFile)) {
-                    $this->warn("Source file not found, skipping: $sourceFile");
-
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                $destPath = "$tmpDir/$targetPath";
-                $destDir = dirname($destPath);
-
-                if (! is_dir($destDir)) {
-                    if (! mkdir($destDir, 0755, true)) {
-                        $this->error("Failed to create directory: $destDir");
-                        exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (copy($sourceFile, $destPath) === false) {
-                    $this->error("Failed to copy $sourceFile to $destPath");
-                    exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                $copiedFiles[] = $targetPath;
-                $this->info("Copied: $targetPath");
-            }
-
-            if (empty($copiedFiles)) {
-                $this->warn('No files were copied. Nothing to commit.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            // Stage all copied files
-            $this->info('Staging changes...');
-            $output = [];
-            $stageCmd = 'cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git add '.implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $copiedFiles)).' 2>&1';
-            exec($stageCmd, $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to stage changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Check for changes
-            $this->info('Checking for changes...');
-            $statusOutput = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git status --porcelain 2>&1', $statusOutput, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to check repository status: '.implode("\n", $statusOutput));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (empty(array_filter($statusOutput))) {
-                $this->info('All files are already up to date. No changes to commit.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            // Commit changes
-            $commitMessage = "Update $envLabel files (install.sh, docker-compose, env) - ".date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git commit -m '.escapeshellarg($commitMessage).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to commit changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Push to remote
-            $this->info('Pushing branch to remote...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git push origin '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to push branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Create pull request
-            $this->info('Creating pull request...');
-            $prTitle = "Update $envLabel files - ".date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $fileList = implode("\n- ", $copiedFiles);
-            $prBody = "Automated update of $envLabel files:\n- $fileList";
-            $prCommand = 'gh pr create --repo coollabsio/coolify-cdn --title '.escapeshellarg($prTitle).' --body '.escapeshellarg($prBody).' --base main --head '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1';
-            $output = [];
-            exec($prCommand, $output, $returnCode);
-
-            // Clean up
-            exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create PR: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $this->info('Pull request created successfully!');
-            if (! empty($output)) {
-                $this->info('PR URL: '.implode("\n", $output));
-            }
-            $this->info('Files synced: '.count($copiedFiles));
-
-            return true;
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            $this->error('Error syncing files to GitHub: '.$e->getMessage());
-
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Sync versions.json to GitHub repository via PR
-     */
-    private function syncVersionsToGitHubRepo(string $versionsLocation, bool $nightly = false): bool
-    {
-        $this->info('Syncing versions.json to GitHub repository...');
-        try {
-            if (! file_exists($versionsLocation)) {
-                $this->error("versions.json not found at: $versionsLocation");
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $file = file_get_contents($versionsLocation);
-            $json = json_decode($file, true);
-            $actualVersion = data_get($json, 'coolify.v4.version');
-
-            $timestamp = time();
-            $tmpDir = sys_get_temp_dir().'/coolify-cdn-versions-'.$timestamp;
-            $branchName = 'update-versions-'.$timestamp;
-            $targetPath = $nightly ? 'json/versions-nightly.json' : 'json/versions.json';
-
-            // Clone the repository
-            $this->info('Cloning coolify-cdn repository...');
-            exec('gh repo clone coollabsio/coolify-cdn '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to clone repository: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Create feature branch
-            $this->info('Creating feature branch...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git checkout -b '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Write versions.json
-            $this->info('Writing versions.json...');
-            $versionsPath = "$tmpDir/$targetPath";
-            $versionsDir = dirname($versionsPath);
-
-            // Ensure directory exists
-            if (! is_dir($versionsDir)) {
-                $this->info("Creating directory: $versionsDir");
-                if (! mkdir($versionsDir, 0755, true)) {
-                    $this->error("Failed to create directory: $versionsDir");
-                    exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-
-            $jsonContent = json_encode($json, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES);
-            $bytesWritten = file_put_contents($versionsPath, $jsonContent);
-
-            if ($bytesWritten === false) {
-                $this->error("Failed to write versions.json to: $versionsPath");
-                $this->error('Possible reasons: permission denied or disk full.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Stage and commit
-            $this->info('Committing changes...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git add '.escapeshellarg($targetPath).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to stage changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $this->info('Checking for changes...');
-            $statusOutput = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git status --porcelain '.escapeshellarg($targetPath).' 2>&1', $statusOutput, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to check repository status: '.implode("\n", $statusOutput));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            if (empty(array_filter($statusOutput))) {
-                $this->info('versions.json is already up to date. No changes to commit.');
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            $envLabel = $nightly ? 'NIGHTLY' : 'PRODUCTION';
-            $commitMessage = "Update $envLabel versions.json to $actualVersion - ".date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git commit -m '.escapeshellarg($commitMessage).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to commit changes: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Push to remote
-            $this->info('Pushing branch to remote...');
-            $output = [];
-            exec('cd '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir).' && git push origin '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to push branch: '.implode("\n", $output));
-                exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            // Create pull request
-            $this->info('Creating pull request...');
-            $prTitle = "Update $envLabel versions.json to $actualVersion - ".date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-            $prBody = "Automated update of $envLabel versions.json to version $actualVersion";
-            $output = [];
-            $prCommand = 'gh pr create --repo coollabsio/coolify-cdn --title '.escapeshellarg($prTitle).' --body '.escapeshellarg($prBody).' --base main --head '.escapeshellarg($branchName).' 2>&1';
-            exec($prCommand, $output, $returnCode);
-
-            // Clean up
-            exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($tmpDir));
-
-            if ($returnCode !== 0) {
-                $this->error('Failed to create PR: '.implode("\n", $output));
-
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            $this->info('Pull request created successfully!');
-            if (! empty($output)) {
-                $this->info('PR URL: '.implode("\n", $output));
-            }
-            $this->info("Version synced: $actualVersion");
-
-            return true;
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            $this->error('Error syncing versions.json: '.$e->getMessage());
-
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * Execute the console command.
      */
@@ -677,8 +33,6 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
         $that = $this;
         $only_template = $this->option('templates');
         $only_version = $this->option('release');
-        $only_github_releases = $this->option('github-releases');
-        $only_github_versions = $this->option('github-versions');
         $nightly = $this->option('nightly');
         $bunny_cdn = 'https://cdn.coollabs.io';
         $bunny_cdn_path = 'coolify';
@@ -690,6 +44,7 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
         $compose_file_prod = 'docker-compose.prod.yml';
         $install_script = 'install.sh';
         $upgrade_script = 'upgrade.sh';
+        $upgrade_postgres_script = 'upgrade-postgres.sh';
         $production_env = '.env.production';
         $service_template = config('constants.services.file_name');
         $versions = 'versions.json';
@@ -698,6 +53,7 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
         $compose_file_prod_location = "$parent_dir/$compose_file_prod";
         $install_script_location = "$parent_dir/scripts/install.sh";
         $upgrade_script_location = "$parent_dir/scripts/upgrade.sh";
+        $upgrade_postgres_script_location = "$parent_dir/scripts/upgrade-postgres.sh";
         $production_env_location = "$parent_dir/.env.production";
         $versions_location = "$parent_dir/$versions";
 
@@ -733,39 +89,22 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                 $compose_file_prod_location = "$parent_dir/other/nightly/$compose_file_prod";
                 $production_env_location = "$parent_dir/other/nightly/$production_env";
                 $upgrade_script_location = "$parent_dir/other/nightly/$upgrade_script";
+                $upgrade_postgres_script_location = "$parent_dir/other/nightly/$upgrade_postgres_script";
                 $install_script_location = "$parent_dir/other/nightly/$install_script";
                 $versions_location = "$parent_dir/other/nightly/$versions";
             }
-            if (! $only_template && ! $only_version && ! $only_github_releases && ! $only_github_versions) {
+            if (! $only_template && ! $only_version) {
                 $envLabel = $nightly ? 'NIGHTLY' : 'PRODUCTION';
-                $this->info("About to sync $envLabel files to BunnyCDN and create a GitHub PR for coolify-cdn.");
+                $this->info("About to sync $envLabel files to BunnyCDN.");
                 $this->newLine();
 
-                // Build file mapping for diff
-                if ($nightly) {
-                    $fileMapping = [
-                        $compose_file_location => 'docker/nightly/docker-compose.yml',
-                        $compose_file_prod_location => 'docker/nightly/docker-compose.prod.yml',
-                        $production_env_location => 'environment/nightly/.env.production',
-                        $upgrade_script_location => 'scripts/nightly/upgrade.sh',
-                        $install_script_location => 'scripts/nightly/install.sh',
-                    ];
-                } else {
-                    $fileMapping = [
-                        $compose_file_location => 'docker/docker-compose.yml',
-                        $compose_file_prod_location => 'docker/docker-compose.prod.yml',
-                        $production_env_location => 'environment/.env.production',
-                        $upgrade_script_location => 'scripts/upgrade.sh',
-                        $install_script_location => 'scripts/install.sh',
-                    ];
-                }
-
                 // BunnyCDN file mapping (local file => CDN URL path)
                 $bunnyFileMapping = [
                     $compose_file_location => "$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$compose_file",
                     $compose_file_prod_location => "$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$compose_file_prod",
                     $production_env_location => "$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$production_env",
                     $upgrade_script_location => "$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$upgrade_script",
+                    $upgrade_postgres_script_location => "$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$upgrade_postgres_script",
                     $install_script_location => "$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$install_script",
                 ];
 
@@ -812,44 +151,6 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                     }
                 }
 
-                // Diff against GitHub coolify-cdn repo
-                $this->newLine();
-                $this->info('Fetching coolify-cdn repo to compare...');
-                $output = [];
-                exec('gh repo clone coollabsio/coolify-cdn '.escapeshellarg("$diffTmpDir/repo").' -- --depth 1 2>&1', $output, $returnCode);
-
-                if ($returnCode === 0) {
-                    foreach ($fileMapping as $localFile => $cdnPath) {
-                        $remotePath = "$diffTmpDir/repo/$cdnPath";
-                        if (! file_exists($localFile)) {
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                        if (! file_exists($remotePath)) {
-                            $this->info("NEW on GitHub: $cdnPath (does not exist in coolify-cdn yet)");
-                            $hasChanges = true;
-
-                            continue;
-                        }
-
-                        $diffOutput = [];
-                        exec('diff -u '.escapeshellarg($remotePath).' '.escapeshellarg($localFile).' 2>&1', $diffOutput, $diffCode);
-                        if ($diffCode !== 0) {
-                            $hasChanges = true;
-                            $this->newLine();
-                            $this->info("--- GitHub: $cdnPath");
-                            $this->info("+++ Local: $cdnPath");
-                            foreach ($diffOutput as $line) {
-                                if (str_starts_with($line, '---') || str_starts_with($line, '+++')) {
-                                    continue;
-                                }
-                                $this->line($line);
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    $this->warn('Could not fetch coolify-cdn repo for diff.');
-                }
-
                 exec('rm -rf '.escapeshellarg($diffTmpDir));
 
                 if (! $hasChanges) {
@@ -881,9 +182,9 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                 return;
             } elseif ($only_version) {
                 if ($nightly) {
-                    $this->info('About to sync NIGHTLY versions.json to BunnyCDN and create GitHub PR.');
+                    $this->info('About to sync NIGHTLY versions.json to BunnyCDN.');
                 } else {
-                    $this->info('About to sync PRODUCTION versions.json to BunnyCDN and create GitHub PR.');
+                    $this->info('About to sync PRODUCTION versions.json to BunnyCDN.');
                 }
                 $file = file_get_contents($versions_location);
                 $json = json_decode($file, true);
@@ -891,8 +192,7 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
 
                 $this->info("Version: {$actual_version}");
                 $this->info('This will:');
-                $this->info('  1. Sync versions.json to BunnyCDN (deprecated but still supported)');
-                $this->info('  2. Create ONE GitHub PR with both releases.json and versions.json');
+                $this->info('  1. Sync versions.json to BunnyCDN');
                 $this->newLine();
 
                 $confirmed = confirm('Are you sure you want to proceed?');
@@ -900,8 +200,7 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                     return;
                 }
 
-                // 1. Sync versions.json to BunnyCDN (deprecated but still needed)
-                $this->info('Step 1/2: Syncing versions.json to BunnyCDN...');
+                $this->info('Syncing versions.json to BunnyCDN...');
                 Http::pool(fn (Pool $pool) => [
                     $pool->storage(fileName: $versions_location)->put("/$bunny_cdn_storage_name/$bunny_cdn_path/$versions"),
                     $pool->purge("$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$versions"),
@@ -909,46 +208,8 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                 $this->info('✓ versions.json uploaded & purged to BunnyCDN');
                 $this->newLine();
 
-                // 2. Create GitHub PR with both releases.json and versions.json
-                $this->info('Step 2/2: Creating GitHub PR with releases.json and versions.json...');
-                $githubSuccess = $this->syncReleasesAndVersionsToGitHubRepo($versions_location, $nightly);
-                if ($githubSuccess) {
-                    $this->info('✓ GitHub PR created successfully with both files');
-                } else {
-                    $this->error('✗ Failed to create GitHub PR');
-                }
-                $this->newLine();
-
                 $this->info('=== Summary ===');
                 $this->info('BunnyCDN sync: ✓ Complete');
-                $this->info('GitHub PR: '.($githubSuccess ? '✓ Created (releases.json + versions.json)' : '✗ Failed'));
-
-                return;
-            } elseif ($only_github_releases) {
-                $this->info('About to sync GitHub releases to GitHub repository.');
-                $confirmed = confirm('Are you sure you want to sync GitHub releases?');
-                if (! $confirmed) {
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                // Sync releases to GitHub repository
-                $this->syncReleasesToGitHubRepo();
-
-                return;
-            } elseif ($only_github_versions) {
-                $envLabel = $nightly ? 'NIGHTLY' : 'PRODUCTION';
-                $file = file_get_contents($versions_location);
-                $json = json_decode($file, true);
-                $actual_version = data_get($json, 'coolify.v4.version');
-
-                $this->info("About to sync $envLabel versions.json ($actual_version) to GitHub repository.");
-                $confirmed = confirm('Are you sure you want to sync versions.json via GitHub PR?');
-                if (! $confirmed) {
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                // Sync versions.json to GitHub repository
-                $this->syncVersionsToGitHubRepo($versions_location, $nightly);
 
                 return;
             }
@@ -958,6 +219,7 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                 $pool->storage(fileName: "$compose_file_prod_location")->put("/$bunny_cdn_storage_name/$bunny_cdn_path/$compose_file_prod"),
                 $pool->storage(fileName: "$production_env_location")->put("/$bunny_cdn_storage_name/$bunny_cdn_path/$production_env"),
                 $pool->storage(fileName: "$upgrade_script_location")->put("/$bunny_cdn_storage_name/$bunny_cdn_path/$upgrade_script"),
+                $pool->storage(fileName: "$upgrade_postgres_script_location")->put("/$bunny_cdn_storage_name/$bunny_cdn_path/$upgrade_postgres_script"),
                 $pool->storage(fileName: "$install_script_location")->put("/$bunny_cdn_storage_name/$bunny_cdn_path/$install_script"),
             ]);
             Http::pool(fn (Pool $pool) => [
@@ -965,36 +227,14 @@ class SyncBunny extends Command
                 $pool->purge("$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$compose_file_prod"),
                 $pool->purge("$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$production_env"),
                 $pool->purge("$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$upgrade_script"),
+                $pool->purge("$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$upgrade_postgres_script"),
                 $pool->purge("$bunny_cdn/$bunny_cdn_path/$install_script"),
             ]);
             $this->info('All files uploaded & purged to BunnyCDN.');
             $this->newLine();
 
-            // Sync files to GitHub CDN repository via PR
-            $this->info('Creating GitHub PR for coolify-cdn repository...');
-            if ($nightly) {
-                $files = [
-                    $compose_file_location => 'docker/nightly/docker-compose.yml',
-                    $compose_file_prod_location => 'docker/nightly/docker-compose.prod.yml',
-                    $production_env_location => 'environment/nightly/.env.production',
-                    $upgrade_script_location => 'scripts/nightly/upgrade.sh',
-                    $install_script_location => 'scripts/nightly/install.sh',
-                ];
-            } else {
-                $files = [
-                    $compose_file_location => 'docker/docker-compose.yml',
-                    $compose_file_prod_location => 'docker/docker-compose.prod.yml',
-                    $production_env_location => 'environment/.env.production',
-                    $upgrade_script_location => 'scripts/upgrade.sh',
-                    $install_script_location => 'scripts/install.sh',
-                ];
-            }
-
-            $githubSuccess = $this->syncFilesToGitHubRepo($files, $nightly);
-            $this->newLine();
             $this->info('=== Summary ===');
             $this->info('BunnyCDN sync: Complete');
-            $this->info('GitHub PR: '.($githubSuccess ? 'Created' : 'Failed'));
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             $this->error('Error: '.$e->getMessage());
         }

app/Console/Commands/ViewScheduledLogs.php

@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@ class ViewScheduledLogs extends Command
     public function handle()
     {
         $date = $this->option('date') ?: now()->format('Y-m-d');
+        if (! preg_match('/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/', $date)) {
+            $this->error('Invalid date format. Use Y-m-d (e.g. 2025-01-31).');
+
+            return self::INVALID;
+        }
         $logPaths = $this->getLogPaths($date);
 
         if (empty($logPaths)) {
@@ -49,17 +54,19 @@ class ViewScheduledLogs extends Command
             $this->line('');
 
             if (count($logPaths) === 1) {
-                $logPath = $logPaths[0];
+                $logPath = escapeshellarg($logPaths[0]);
                 if ($filters) {
-                    passthru("tail -f {$logPath} | grep -E '{$filters}'");
+                    $escapedFilters = escapeshellarg($filters);
+                    passthru("tail -f {$logPath} | grep -E {$escapedFilters}");
                 } else {
                     passthru("tail -f {$logPath}");
                 }
             } else {
                 // Multiple files - use multitail or tail with process substitution
-                $logPathsStr = implode(' ', $logPaths);
+                $logPathsStr = implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $logPaths));
                 if ($filters) {
-                    passthru("tail -f {$logPathsStr} | grep -E '{$filters}'");
+                    $escapedFilters = escapeshellarg($filters);
+                    passthru("tail -f {$logPathsStr} | grep -E {$escapedFilters}");
                 } else {
                     passthru("tail -f {$logPathsStr}");
                 }
@@ -68,20 +75,23 @@ class ViewScheduledLogs extends Command
             $this->info("Showing last {$lines} lines of {$logTypeDescription} logs for {$date}{$filterDescription}:");
             $this->line('');
 
+            $escapedLines = escapeshellarg((string) $lines);
             if (count($logPaths) === 1) {
-                $logPath = $logPaths[0];
+                $logPath = escapeshellarg($logPaths[0]);
                 if ($filters) {
-                    passthru("tail -n {$lines} {$logPath} | grep -E '{$filters}'");
+                    $escapedFilters = escapeshellarg($filters);
+                    passthru("tail -n {$escapedLines} {$logPath} | grep -E {$escapedFilters}");
                 } else {
-                    passthru("tail -n {$lines} {$logPath}");
+                    passthru("tail -n {$escapedLines} {$logPath}");
                 }
             } else {
                 // Multiple files - concatenate and sort by timestamp
-                $logPathsStr = implode(' ', $logPaths);
+                $logPathsStr = implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $logPaths));
                 if ($filters) {
-                    passthru("tail -n {$lines} {$logPathsStr} | sort | grep -E '{$filters}'");
+                    $escapedFilters = escapeshellarg($filters);
+                    passthru("tail -n {$escapedLines} {$logPathsStr} | sort | grep -E {$escapedFilters}");
                 } else {
-                    passthru("tail -n {$lines} {$logPathsStr} | sort");
+                    passthru("tail -n {$escapedLines} {$logPathsStr} | sort");
                 }
             }
         }

app/Console/Kernel.php

@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@
 
 namespace App\Console;
 
+use App\Jobs\ApiTokenExpirationWarningJob;
 use App\Jobs\CheckForUpdatesJob;
 use App\Jobs\CheckHelperImageJob;
 use App\Jobs\CheckTraefikVersionJob;
 use App\Jobs\CleanupInstanceStuffsJob;
 use App\Jobs\CleanupOrphanedPreviewContainersJob;
+use App\Jobs\CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections;
 use App\Jobs\PullChangelog;
 use App\Jobs\PullTemplatesFromCDN;
 use App\Jobs\RegenerateSslCertJob;
@@ -39,8 +41,13 @@ class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
             $this->instanceTimezone = config('app.timezone');
         }
 
-        // $this->scheduleInstance->job(new CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections)->hourly();
+        $this->scheduleInstance->call(fn () => app(CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections::class)->handle())
+            ->name('cleanup:ssh-mux')
+            ->hourly()
+            ->when(fn () => config('constants.ssh.mux_enabled') && ! config('constants.coolify.is_windows_docker_desktop'));
         $this->scheduleInstance->command('cleanup:redis --clear-locks')->daily();
+        $this->scheduleInstance->command('sanctum:prune-expired --hours=1')->hourly()->onOneServer();
+        $this->scheduleInstance->job(new ApiTokenExpirationWarningJob)->hourly()->onOneServer();
 
         if (isDev()) {
             // Instance Jobs
@@ -75,7 +82,7 @@ class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
             // Scheduled Jobs (Backups & Tasks)
             $this->scheduleInstance->job(new ScheduledJobManager)->everyMinute()->onOneServer();
 
-            $this->scheduleInstance->job(new RegenerateSslCertJob)->twiceDaily();
+            $this->scheduleInstance->job(new RegenerateSslCertJob)->twiceDaily()->onOneServer();
 
             $this->scheduleInstance->job(new CheckTraefikVersionJob)->weekly()->sundays()->at('00:00')->timezone($this->instanceTimezone)->onOneServer();
 

app/Enums/BuildPackTypes.php

@@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ enum BuildPackTypes: string
     case STATIC = 'static';
     case DOCKERFILE = 'dockerfile';
     case DOCKERCOMPOSE = 'dockercompose';
+    case RAILPACK = 'railpack';
 }

app/Exceptions/Handler.php

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ namespace App\Exceptions;
 
 use App\Models\InstanceSettings;
 use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException;
 use Illuminate\Auth\AuthenticationException;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler as ExceptionHandler;
+use Psr\Log\LogLevel;
 use RuntimeException;
 use Sentry\Laravel\Integration;
 use Sentry\State\Scope;
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
     /**
      * A list of exception types with their corresponding custom log levels.
      *
-     * @var array<class-string<\Throwable>, \Psr\Log\LogLevel::*>
+     * @var array<class-string<Throwable>, LogLevel::*>
      */
     protected $levels = [
         //
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
     /**
      * A list of the exception types that are not reported.
      *
-     * @var array<int, class-string<\Throwable>>
+     * @var array<int, class-string<Throwable>>
      */
     protected $dontReport = [
         ProcessException::class,
@@ -49,6 +51,13 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
     protected function unauthenticated($request, AuthenticationException $exception)
     {
         if ($request->is('api/*') || $request->expectsJson() || $this->shouldReturnJson($request, $exception)) {
+            if ($request->is('api/*')) {
+                auditLog('api.auth.unauthenticated', [
+                    'reason' => $exception->getMessage(),
+                    'guards' => $exception->guards(),
+                ], 'warning');
+            }
+
             return response()->json(['message' => $exception->getMessage()], 401);
         }
 
@@ -61,8 +70,15 @@ class Handler extends ExceptionHandler
     public function render($request, Throwable $e)
     {
         // Handle authorization exceptions for API routes
-        if ($e instanceof \Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException) {
+        if ($e instanceof AuthorizationException) {
             if ($request->is('api/*') || $request->expectsJson()) {
+                if ($request->is('api/*')) {
+                    auditLog('api.auth.policy_denied', [
+                        'reason' => $e->getMessage(),
+                        'route' => $request->route()?->getName() ?? $request->path(),
+                    ], 'warning');
+                }
+
                 // Get the custom message from the policy if available
                 $message = $e->getMessage();
 

app/Helpers/SshMultiplexingHelper.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace App\Helpers;
 
 use App\Models\PrivateKey;
 use App\Models\Server;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\LockTimeoutException;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
@@ -12,15 +13,13 @@ use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
 
 class SshMultiplexingHelper
 {
-    public static function serverSshConfiguration(Server $server)
+    public static function serverSshConfiguration(Server $server): array
     {
         $privateKey = PrivateKey::findOrFail($server->private_key_id);
-        $sshKeyLocation = $privateKey->getKeyLocation();
-        $muxFilename = '/var/www/html/storage/app/ssh/mux/mux_'.$server->uuid;
 
         return [
-            'sshKeyLocation' => $sshKeyLocation,
-            'muxFilename' => $muxFilename,
+            'sshKeyLocation' => $privateKey->getKeyLocation(),
+            'muxFilename' => self::muxSocket($server),
         ];
     }
 
@@ -30,40 +29,39 @@ class SshMultiplexingHelper
             return false;
         }
 
-        $sshConfig = self::serverSshConfiguration($server);
-        $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
-
-        // Check if connection exists
-        $checkCommand = "ssh -O check -o ControlPath=$muxSocket ";
-        if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
-            $checkCommand .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
-        }
-        $checkCommand .= self::escapedUserAtHost($server);
-        $process = Process::run($checkCommand);
-
-        if ($process->exitCode() !== 0) {
-            return self::establishNewMultiplexedConnection($server);
+        if (self::connectionIsReusable($server)) {
+            return true;
         }
 
-        // Connection exists, ensure we have metadata for age tracking
-        if (self::getConnectionAge($server) === null) {
-            // Existing connection but no metadata, store current time as fallback
-            self::storeConnectionMetadata($server);
-        }
+        try {
+            return Cache::lock(
+                self::connectionLockKey($server),
+                config('constants.ssh.mux_lock_ttl')
+            )->block(config('constants.ssh.mux_lock_timeout'), function () use ($server) {
+                if (self::connectionIsReusable($server)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
 
-        // Connection exists, check if it needs refresh due to age
-        if (self::isConnectionExpired($server)) {
-            return self::refreshMultiplexedConnection($server);
-        }
+                if (self::masterConnectionExists($server)) {
+                    return self::refreshMultiplexedConnection($server);
+                }
 
-        // Perform health check if enabled
-        if (config('constants.ssh.mux_health_check_enabled')) {
-            if (! self::isConnectionHealthy($server)) {
-                return self::refreshMultiplexedConnection($server);
-            }
-        }
+                return self::establishNewMultiplexedConnection($server);
+            });
+        } catch (LockTimeoutException) {
+            Log::warning('SSH multiplexing lock timeout, falling back to non-multiplexed connection', [
+                'server' => $server->name ?? $server->ip,
+            ]);
 
-        return true;
+            return false;
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('SSH multiplexing lock unavailable, falling back to non-multiplexed connection', [
+                'server' => $server->name ?? $server->ip,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+
+            return false;
+        }
     }
 
     public static function establishNewMultiplexedConnection(Server $server): bool
@@ -71,86 +69,72 @@ class SshMultiplexingHelper
         $sshConfig = self::serverSshConfiguration($server);
         $sshKeyLocation = $sshConfig['sshKeyLocation'];
         $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
-        $connectionTimeout = config('constants.ssh.connection_timeout');
+        $connectionTimeout = self::getConnectionTimeout($server);
         $serverInterval = config('constants.ssh.server_interval');
         $muxPersistTime = config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time');
 
-        $establishCommand = "ssh -fNM -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=$muxSocket -o ControlPersist={$muxPersistTime} ";
+        $establishCommand = "ssh -fN -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=$muxSocket -o ControlPersist={$muxPersistTime} ";
 
         if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
             $establishCommand .= ' -o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
         }
+
         $establishCommand .= self::getCommonSshOptions($server, $sshKeyLocation, $connectionTimeout, $serverInterval);
         $establishCommand .= self::escapedUserAtHost($server);
+
         $establishProcess = Process::run($establishCommand);
         if ($establishProcess->exitCode() !== 0) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        // Store connection metadata for tracking
         self::storeConnectionMetadata($server);
 
         return true;
     }
 
-    public static function removeMuxFile(Server $server)
+    public static function removeMuxFile(Server $server): void
     {
-        $sshConfig = self::serverSshConfiguration($server);
-        $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
-
-        $closeCommand = "ssh -O exit -o ControlPath=$muxSocket ";
-        if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
-            $closeCommand .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
-        }
-        $closeCommand .= self::escapedUserAtHost($server);
-        Process::run($closeCommand);
-
-        // Clear connection metadata from cache
+        Process::run(self::muxControlCommand($server, 'exit'));
         self::clearConnectionMetadata($server);
     }
 
-    public static function generateScpCommand(Server $server, string $source, string $dest)
+    public static function generateScpCommand(Server $server, string $source, string $dest): string
     {
         $sshConfig = self::serverSshConfiguration($server);
         $sshKeyLocation = $sshConfig['sshKeyLocation'];
-        $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
+        $scpCommand = 'timeout '.config('constants.ssh.command_timeout').' scp ';
 
-        $timeout = config('constants.ssh.command_timeout');
-        $muxPersistTime = config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time');
-
-        $scp_command = "timeout $timeout scp ";
         if ($server->isIpv6()) {
-            $scp_command .= '-6 ';
+            $scpCommand .= '-6 ';
         }
+
         if (self::isMultiplexingEnabled()) {
             try {
                 if (self::ensureMultiplexedConnection($server)) {
-                    $scp_command .= "-o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=$muxSocket -o ControlPersist={$muxPersistTime} ";
+                    $scpCommand .= self::multiplexingOptions($server);
                 }
-            } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
                 Log::warning('SSH multiplexing failed for SCP, falling back to non-multiplexed connection', [
                     'server' => $server->name ?? $server->ip,
                     'error' => $e->getMessage(),
                 ]);
-                // Continue without multiplexing
             }
         }
 
         if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
-            $scp_command .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
+            $scpCommand .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
         }
 
-        $scp_command .= self::getCommonSshOptions($server, $sshKeyLocation, config('constants.ssh.connection_timeout'), config('constants.ssh.server_interval'), isScp: true);
+        $scpCommand .= self::getCommonSshOptions($server, $sshKeyLocation, self::getConnectionTimeout($server), config('constants.ssh.server_interval'), isScp: true);
+
         if ($server->isIpv6()) {
-            $scp_command .= "{$source} ".escapeshellarg($server->user).'@['.escapeshellarg($server->ip)."]:{$dest}";
-        } else {
-            $scp_command .= "{$source} ".self::escapedUserAtHost($server).":{$dest}";
+            return $scpCommand.escapeshellarg($source).' '.escapeshellarg($server->user).'@['.escapeshellarg($server->ip).']:'.escapeshellarg($dest);
         }
 
-        return $scp_command;
+        return $scpCommand.escapeshellarg($source).' '.self::escapedUserAtHost($server).':'.escapeshellarg($dest);
     }
 
-    public static function generateSshCommand(Server $server, string $command, bool $disableMultiplexing = false)
+    public static function generateSshCommand(Server $server, string $command, bool $disableMultiplexing = false, ?int $commandTimeout = null): string
     {
         if ($server->settings->force_disabled) {
             throw new \RuntimeException('Server is disabled.');
@@ -161,40 +145,139 @@ class SshMultiplexingHelper
 
         self::validateSshKey($server->privateKey);
 
-        $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
+        $commandTimeout = $commandTimeout ?? (int) config('constants.ssh.command_timeout');
+        $sshCommand = $commandTimeout > 0 ? "timeout {$commandTimeout} ssh " : 'ssh ';
 
-        $timeout = config('constants.ssh.command_timeout');
-        $muxPersistTime = config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time');
-
-        $ssh_command = "timeout $timeout ssh ";
-
-        $multiplexingSuccessful = false;
         if (! $disableMultiplexing && self::isMultiplexingEnabled()) {
             try {
-                $multiplexingSuccessful = self::ensureMultiplexedConnection($server);
-                if ($multiplexingSuccessful) {
-                    $ssh_command .= "-o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=$muxSocket -o ControlPersist={$muxPersistTime} ";
+                if (self::ensureMultiplexedConnection($server)) {
+                    $sshCommand .= self::multiplexingOptions($server);
                 }
-            } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                // Continue without multiplexing
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                Log::warning('SSH multiplexing failed, falling back to non-multiplexed connection', [
+                    'server' => $server->name ?? $server->ip,
+                    'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+                ]);
             }
         }
 
         if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
-            $ssh_command .= "-o ProxyCommand='cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h' ";
+            $sshCommand .= "-o ProxyCommand='cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h' ";
         }
 
-        $ssh_command .= self::getCommonSshOptions($server, $sshKeyLocation, config('constants.ssh.connection_timeout'), config('constants.ssh.server_interval'));
+        $sshCommand .= self::getCommonSshOptions($server, $sshKeyLocation, self::getConnectionTimeout($server), config('constants.ssh.server_interval'));
 
-        $delimiter = Hash::make($command);
-        $delimiter = base64_encode($delimiter);
+        $delimiter = base64_encode(Hash::make($command));
         $command = str_replace($delimiter, '', $command);
 
-        $ssh_command .= self::escapedUserAtHost($server)." 'bash -se' << \\$delimiter".PHP_EOL
+        return $sshCommand.self::escapedUserAtHost($server)." 'bash -se' << \\$delimiter".PHP_EOL
             .$command.PHP_EOL
             .$delimiter;
+    }
 
-        return $ssh_command;
+    public static function getConnectionTimeout(Server $server): int
+    {
+        $timeout = data_get($server, 'settings.connection_timeout');
+
+        return is_numeric($timeout) && (int) $timeout > 0
+            ? (int) $timeout
+            : (int) config('constants.ssh.connection_timeout');
+    }
+
+    public static function isConnectionHealthy(Server $server): bool
+    {
+        $sshConfig = self::serverSshConfiguration($server);
+        $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
+        $healthCheckTimeout = config('constants.ssh.mux_health_check_timeout');
+
+        $healthCommand = "timeout $healthCheckTimeout ssh -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=$muxSocket ";
+        if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
+            $healthCommand .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
+        }
+        $healthCommand .= self::escapedUserAtHost($server)." 'echo \"health_check_ok\"'";
+
+        $process = Process::run($healthCommand);
+
+        return $process->exitCode() === 0 && str_contains($process->output(), 'health_check_ok');
+    }
+
+    public static function isConnectionExpired(Server $server): bool
+    {
+        $connectionAge = self::getConnectionAge($server);
+        $maxAge = config('constants.ssh.mux_max_age');
+
+        return $connectionAge !== null && $connectionAge > $maxAge;
+    }
+
+    public static function getConnectionAge(Server $server): ?int
+    {
+        $connectionTime = Cache::get("ssh_mux_connection_time_{$server->uuid}");
+
+        if ($connectionTime === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return time() - $connectionTime;
+    }
+
+    public static function refreshMultiplexedConnection(Server $server): bool
+    {
+        self::removeMuxFile($server);
+
+        return self::establishNewMultiplexedConnection($server);
+    }
+
+    private static function connectionLockKey(Server $server): string
+    {
+        return 'ssh_mux_lock_'.(gethostname() ?: 'unknown').'_'.$server->uuid;
+    }
+
+    private static function masterConnectionExists(Server $server): bool
+    {
+        return Process::run(self::muxControlCommand($server, 'check'))->exitCode() === 0;
+    }
+
+    private static function connectionIsReusable(Server $server): bool
+    {
+        if (! self::masterConnectionExists($server)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (self::getConnectionAge($server) === null) {
+            self::storeConnectionMetadata($server);
+        }
+
+        if (self::isConnectionExpired($server)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (config('constants.ssh.mux_health_check_enabled') && ! self::isConnectionHealthy($server)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static function muxControlCommand(Server $server, string $operation): string
+    {
+        $command = "ssh -O {$operation} -o ControlPath=".self::muxSocket($server).' ';
+        if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
+            $command .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
+        }
+
+        return $command.self::escapedUserAtHost($server);
+    }
+
+    private static function multiplexingOptions(Server $server): string
+    {
+        return '-o ControlMaster=auto '
+            .'-o ControlPath='.self::muxSocket($server).' '
+            .'-o ControlPersist='.config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time').' ';
+    }
+
+    private static function muxSocket(Server $server): string
+    {
+        return '/var/www/html/storage/app/ssh/mux/mux_'.$server->uuid;
     }
 
     private static function escapedUserAtHost(Server $server): string
@@ -231,7 +314,6 @@ class SshMultiplexingHelper
             $privateKey->storeInFileSystem();
         }
 
-        // Ensure correct permissions (SSH requires 0600)
         if (file_exists($keyLocation)) {
             $currentPerms = fileperms($keyLocation) & 0777;
             if ($currentPerms !== 0600 && ! chmod($keyLocation, 0600)) {
@@ -253,90 +335,20 @@ class SshMultiplexingHelper
             .'-o RequestTTY=no '
             .'-o LogLevel=ERROR ';
 
-        // Bruh
         if ($isScp) {
-            $options .= '-P '.escapeshellarg((string) $server->port).' ';
-        } else {
-            $options .= '-p '.escapeshellarg((string) $server->port).' ';
+            return $options.'-P '.escapeshellarg((string) $server->port).' ';
         }
 
-        return $options;
+        return $options.'-p '.escapeshellarg((string) $server->port).' ';
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Check if the multiplexed connection is healthy by running a test command
-     */
-    public static function isConnectionHealthy(Server $server): bool
-    {
-        $sshConfig = self::serverSshConfiguration($server);
-        $muxSocket = $sshConfig['muxFilename'];
-        $healthCheckTimeout = config('constants.ssh.mux_health_check_timeout');
-
-        $healthCommand = "timeout $healthCheckTimeout ssh -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=$muxSocket ";
-        if (data_get($server, 'settings.is_cloudflare_tunnel')) {
-            $healthCommand .= '-o ProxyCommand="cloudflared access ssh --hostname %h" ';
-        }
-        $healthCommand .= self::escapedUserAtHost($server)." 'echo \"health_check_ok\"'";
-
-        $process = Process::run($healthCommand);
-        $isHealthy = $process->exitCode() === 0 && str_contains($process->output(), 'health_check_ok');
-
-        return $isHealthy;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if the connection has exceeded its maximum age
-     */
-    public static function isConnectionExpired(Server $server): bool
-    {
-        $connectionAge = self::getConnectionAge($server);
-        $maxAge = config('constants.ssh.mux_max_age');
-
-        return $connectionAge !== null && $connectionAge > $maxAge;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the age of the current connection in seconds
-     */
-    public static function getConnectionAge(Server $server): ?int
-    {
-        $cacheKey = "ssh_mux_connection_time_{$server->uuid}";
-        $connectionTime = Cache::get($cacheKey);
-
-        if ($connectionTime === null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        return time() - $connectionTime;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Refresh a multiplexed connection by closing and re-establishing it
-     */
-    public static function refreshMultiplexedConnection(Server $server): bool
-    {
-        // Close existing connection
-        self::removeMuxFile($server);
-
-        // Establish new connection
-        return self::establishNewMultiplexedConnection($server);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Store connection metadata when a new connection is established
-     */
     private static function storeConnectionMetadata(Server $server): void
     {
-        $cacheKey = "ssh_mux_connection_time_{$server->uuid}";
-        Cache::put($cacheKey, time(), config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time') + 300); // Cache slightly longer than persist time
+        Cache::put("ssh_mux_connection_time_{$server->uuid}", time(), config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time') + 300);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Clear connection metadata from cache
-     */
     private static function clearConnectionMetadata(Server $server): void
     {
-        $cacheKey = "ssh_mux_connection_time_{$server->uuid}";
-        Cache::forget($cacheKey);
+        Cache::forget("ssh_mux_connection_time_{$server->uuid}");
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/CloudProviderTokensController.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
 
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Models\CloudProviderToken;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
@@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (is_null($token)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($token));
     }
@@ -242,9 +244,10 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [CloudProviderToken::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
 
@@ -286,6 +289,13 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
             'name' => $body['name'],
         ]);
 
+        auditLog('api.cloud_token.created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'cloud_token_uuid' => $cloudProviderToken->uuid,
+            'cloud_token_name' => $cloudProviderToken->name,
+            'provider' => $cloudProviderToken->provider,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $cloudProviderToken->uuid,
         ])->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -355,7 +365,7 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         }
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
 
@@ -386,9 +396,18 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $token);
 
         $token->update(array_intersect_key($body, array_flip($allowedFields)));
 
+        auditLog('api.cloud_token.updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'cloud_token_uuid' => $token->uuid,
+            'cloud_token_name' => $token->name,
+            'provider' => $token->provider,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($body))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $token->uuid,
         ]);
@@ -459,13 +478,24 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $token);
 
         if ($token->hasServers()) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cannot delete token that is used by servers.'], 400);
         }
 
+        $tokenUuid = $token->uuid;
+        $tokenName = $token->name;
+        $tokenProvider = $token->provider;
         $token->delete();
 
+        auditLog('api.cloud_token.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'cloud_token_uuid' => $tokenUuid,
+            'cloud_token_name' => $tokenName,
+            'provider' => $tokenProvider,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token deleted.']);
     }
 
@@ -519,9 +549,18 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (! $cloudToken) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $cloudToken);
 
         $validation = $this->validateProviderToken($cloudToken->provider, $cloudToken->token);
 
+        auditLog('api.cloud_token.validated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'cloud_token_uuid' => $cloudToken->uuid,
+            'cloud_token_name' => $cloudToken->name,
+            'provider' => $cloudToken->provider,
+            'valid' => $validation['valid'],
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'valid' => $validation['valid'],
             'message' => $validation['valid'] ? 'Token is valid.' : $validation['error'],

app/Http/Controllers/Api/DatabasesController.php

@@ -311,6 +311,11 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                         'mysql_user' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'MySQL user'],
                         'mysql_database' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'MySQL database'],
                         'mysql_conf' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'MySQL conf'],
+                        'health_check_enabled' => ['type' => 'boolean', 'description' => 'Enable the database healthcheck probe.', 'default' => true],
+                        'health_check_interval' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Healthcheck interval in seconds.', 'minimum' => 1, 'default' => 15],
+                        'health_check_timeout' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Healthcheck timeout in seconds.', 'minimum' => 1, 'default' => 5],
+                        'health_check_retries' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Healthcheck retries count.', 'minimum' => 1, 'default' => 5],
+                        'health_check_start_period' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Healthcheck start period in seconds.', 'minimum' => 0, 'default' => 5],
                     ],
                 ),
             )
@@ -391,9 +396,9 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             case 'standalone-postgresql':
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'postgres_user', 'postgres_password', 'postgres_db', 'postgres_initdb_args', 'postgres_host_auth_method', 'postgres_conf'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                    'postgres_user' => 'string',
-                    'postgres_password' => 'string',
-                    'postgres_db' => 'string',
+                    'postgres_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                    'postgres_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                    'postgres_db' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
                     'postgres_initdb_args' => 'string',
                     'postgres_host_auth_method' => 'string',
                     'postgres_conf' => 'string',
@@ -422,20 +427,20 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             case 'standalone-clickhouse':
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'clickhouse_admin_user', 'clickhouse_admin_password'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                    'clickhouse_admin_user' => 'string',
-                    'clickhouse_admin_password' => 'string',
+                    'clickhouse_admin_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                    'clickhouse_admin_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
                 ]);
                 break;
             case 'standalone-dragonfly':
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'dragonfly_password'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                    'dragonfly_password' => 'string',
+                    'dragonfly_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
                 ]);
                 break;
             case 'standalone-redis':
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'redis_password', 'redis_conf'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                    'redis_password' => 'string',
+                    'redis_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
                     'redis_conf' => 'string',
                 ]);
                 if ($request->has('redis_conf')) {
@@ -462,7 +467,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             case 'standalone-keydb':
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'keydb_password', 'keydb_conf'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                    'keydb_password' => 'string',
+                    'keydb_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
                     'keydb_conf' => 'string',
                 ]);
                 if ($request->has('keydb_conf')) {
@@ -490,10 +495,10 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'mariadb_conf', 'mariadb_root_password', 'mariadb_user', 'mariadb_password', 'mariadb_database'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
                     'mariadb_conf' => 'string',
-                    'mariadb_root_password' => 'string',
-                    'mariadb_user' => 'string',
-                    'mariadb_password' => 'string',
-                    'mariadb_database' => 'string',
+                    'mariadb_root_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                    'mariadb_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                    'mariadb_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                    'mariadb_database' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
                 ]);
                 if ($request->has('mariadb_conf')) {
                     if (! isBase64Encoded($request->mariadb_conf)) {
@@ -520,9 +525,9 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'mongo_conf', 'mongo_initdb_root_username', 'mongo_initdb_root_password', 'mongo_initdb_database'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
                     'mongo_conf' => 'string',
-                    'mongo_initdb_root_username' => 'string',
-                    'mongo_initdb_root_password' => 'string',
-                    'mongo_initdb_database' => 'string',
+                    'mongo_initdb_root_username' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                    'mongo_initdb_root_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                    'mongo_initdb_database' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
                 ]);
                 if ($request->has('mongo_conf')) {
                     if (! isBase64Encoded($request->mongo_conf)) {
@@ -549,10 +554,10 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             case 'standalone-mysql':
                 $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'mysql_root_password', 'mysql_password', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_database', 'mysql_conf'];
                 $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                    'mysql_root_password' => 'string',
-                    'mysql_password' => 'string',
-                    'mysql_user' => 'string',
-                    'mysql_database' => 'string',
+                    'mysql_root_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                    'mysql_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                    'mysql_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                    'mysql_database' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
                     'mysql_conf' => 'string',
                 ]);
                 if ($request->has('mysql_conf')) {
@@ -577,9 +582,17 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 break;
         }
+        $allowedFields = array_merge($allowedFields, ['health_check_enabled', 'health_check_interval', 'health_check_timeout', 'health_check_retries', 'health_check_start_period']);
+        $healthCheckValidator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
+            'health_check_enabled' => 'boolean',
+            'health_check_interval' => 'integer|min:1',
+            'health_check_timeout' => 'integer|min:1',
+            'health_check_retries' => 'integer|min:1',
+            'health_check_start_period' => 'integer|min:0',
+        ]);
         $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
-        if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
-            $errors = $validator->errors();
+        if ($validator->fails() || $healthCheckValidator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
+            $errors = $validator->errors()->merge($healthCheckValidator->errors());
             if (! empty($extraFields)) {
                 foreach ($extraFields as $field) {
                     $errors->add($field, 'This field is not allowed.');
@@ -608,6 +621,14 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             StopDatabaseProxy::dispatch($database);
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.database.updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'database_name' => $database->name,
+            'database_type' => $database->type(),
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'message' => 'Database updated.',
         ]);
@@ -651,10 +672,11 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                         'backup_now' => ['type' => 'boolean', 'description' => 'Whether to trigger backup immediately after creation'],
                         'database_backup_retention_amount_locally' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Number of backups to retain locally'],
                         'database_backup_retention_days_locally' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Number of days to retain backups locally'],
-                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Max storage (MB) for local backups'],
+                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => ['type' => 'number', 'description' => 'Max storage (GB) for local backups'],
                         'database_backup_retention_amount_s3' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Number of backups to retain in S3'],
                         'database_backup_retention_days_s3' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Number of days to retain backups in S3'],
-                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Max storage (MB) for S3 backups'],
+                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => ['type' => 'number', 'description' => 'Max storage (GB) for S3 backups'],
+                        'timeout' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Backup job timeout in seconds (min: 60, max: 36000)', 'default' => 3600],
                     ],
                 ),
             )
@@ -691,7 +713,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
     )]
     public function create_backup(Request $request)
     {
-        $backupConfigFields = ['save_s3', 'enabled', 'dump_all', 'frequency', 'databases_to_backup', 'database_backup_retention_amount_locally', 'database_backup_retention_days_locally', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally', 'database_backup_retention_amount_s3', 'database_backup_retention_days_s3', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3', 's3_storage_uuid'];
+        $backupConfigFields = ['save_s3', 'enabled', 'dump_all', 'frequency', 'databases_to_backup', 'database_backup_retention_amount_locally', 'database_backup_retention_days_locally', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally', 'database_backup_retention_amount_s3', 'database_backup_retention_days_s3', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3', 's3_storage_uuid', 'timeout'];
 
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -714,10 +736,11 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             'databases_to_backup' => 'string|nullable',
             'database_backup_retention_amount_locally' => 'integer|min:0',
             'database_backup_retention_days_locally' => 'integer|min:0',
-            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => 'integer|min:0',
+            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => 'numeric|min:0',
             'database_backup_retention_amount_s3' => 'integer|min:0',
             'database_backup_retention_days_s3' => 'integer|min:0',
-            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => 'integer|min:0',
+            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => 'numeric|min:0',
+            'timeout' => 'integer|min:60|max:36000',
         ]);
 
         if ($validator->fails()) {
@@ -757,7 +780,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         }
 
         if ($request->filled('s3_storage_uuid')) {
-            $existsInTeam = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeam()->where('uuid', $request->s3_storage_uuid)->exists();
+            $existsInTeam = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeamAPI($teamId)->where('uuid', $request->s3_storage_uuid)->exists();
             if (! $existsInTeam) {
                 return response()->json([
                     'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -784,7 +807,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         // Convert s3_storage_uuid to s3_storage_id
         if (isset($backupData['s3_storage_uuid'])) {
-            $s3Storage = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeam()->where('uuid', $backupData['s3_storage_uuid'])->first();
+            $s3Storage = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeamAPI($teamId)->where('uuid', $backupData['s3_storage_uuid'])->first();
             if ($s3Storage) {
                 $backupData['s3_storage_id'] = $s3Storage->id;
             } elseif ($request->boolean('save_s3')) {
@@ -836,6 +859,15 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             dispatch(new DatabaseBackupJob($backupConfig));
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.database.backup_created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'backup_uuid' => $backupConfig->uuid,
+            'frequency' => $backupConfig->frequency,
+            'save_s3' => (bool) $backupConfig->save_s3,
+            'backup_now' => (bool) $request->backup_now,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $backupConfig->uuid,
             'message' => 'Backup configuration created successfully.',
@@ -888,10 +920,11 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                         'frequency' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'Frequency of the backup'],
                         'database_backup_retention_amount_locally' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Retention amount of the backup locally'],
                         'database_backup_retention_days_locally' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Retention days of the backup locally'],
-                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Max storage of the backup locally'],
+                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => ['type' => 'number', 'description' => 'Max storage of the backup locally'],
                         'database_backup_retention_amount_s3' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Retention amount of the backup in s3'],
                         'database_backup_retention_days_s3' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Retention days of the backup in s3'],
-                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Max storage of the backup in S3'],
+                        'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => ['type' => 'number', 'description' => 'Max storage of the backup in S3'],
+                        'timeout' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Backup job timeout in seconds (min: 60, max: 36000)', 'default' => 3600],
                     ],
                 ),
             )
@@ -921,7 +954,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
     )]
     public function update_backup(Request $request)
     {
-        $backupConfigFields = ['save_s3', 'enabled', 'dump_all', 'frequency', 'databases_to_backup', 'database_backup_retention_amount_locally', 'database_backup_retention_days_locally', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally', 'database_backup_retention_amount_s3', 'database_backup_retention_days_s3', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3', 's3_storage_uuid'];
+        $backupConfigFields = ['save_s3', 'enabled', 'dump_all', 'frequency', 'databases_to_backup', 'database_backup_retention_amount_locally', 'database_backup_retention_days_locally', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally', 'database_backup_retention_amount_s3', 'database_backup_retention_days_s3', 'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3', 's3_storage_uuid', 'timeout'];
 
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -939,13 +972,14 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             'dump_all' => 'boolean',
             's3_storage_uuid' => 'string|exists:s3_storages,uuid|nullable',
             'databases_to_backup' => 'string|nullable',
-            'frequency' => 'string|in:every_minute,hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,yearly',
+            'frequency' => 'string',
             'database_backup_retention_amount_locally' => 'integer|min:0',
             'database_backup_retention_days_locally' => 'integer|min:0',
-            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => 'integer|min:0',
+            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_locally' => 'numeric|min:0',
             'database_backup_retention_amount_s3' => 'integer|min:0',
             'database_backup_retention_days_s3' => 'integer|min:0',
-            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => 'integer|min:0',
+            'database_backup_retention_max_storage_s3' => 'numeric|min:0',
+            'timeout' => 'integer|min:60|max:36000',
         ]);
         if ($validator->fails()) {
             return response()->json([
@@ -972,6 +1006,17 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         $this->authorize('update', $database);
 
+        // Validate frequency is a valid cron expression
+        if ($request->filled('frequency')) {
+            $isValid = validate_cron_expression($request->frequency);
+            if (! $isValid) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['frequency' => ['Invalid cron expression or frequency format.']],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+        }
+
         if ($request->boolean('save_s3') && ! $request->filled('s3_storage_uuid')) {
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -979,7 +1024,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             ], 422);
         }
         if ($request->filled('s3_storage_uuid')) {
-            $existsInTeam = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeam()->where('uuid', $request->s3_storage_uuid)->exists();
+            $existsInTeam = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeamAPI($teamId)->where('uuid', $request->s3_storage_uuid)->exists();
             if (! $existsInTeam) {
                 return response()->json([
                     'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -1012,7 +1057,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         // Convert s3_storage_uuid to s3_storage_id
         if (isset($backupData['s3_storage_uuid'])) {
-            $s3Storage = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeam()->where('uuid', $backupData['s3_storage_uuid'])->first();
+            $s3Storage = S3Storage::ownedByCurrentTeamAPI($teamId)->where('uuid', $backupData['s3_storage_uuid'])->first();
             if ($s3Storage) {
                 $backupData['s3_storage_id'] = $s3Storage->id;
             } elseif ($request->boolean('save_s3')) {
@@ -1042,6 +1087,14 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             dispatch(new DatabaseBackupJob($backupConfig));
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.database.backup_updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'backup_uuid' => $backupConfig->uuid,
+            'database_id' => $backupConfig->database_id,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($backupConfigFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+            'backup_now' => (bool) $request->backup_now,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'message' => 'Database backup configuration updated',
         ]);
@@ -1731,9 +1784,9 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         if ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::POSTGRESQL) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'postgres_user', 'postgres_password', 'postgres_db', 'postgres_initdb_args', 'postgres_host_auth_method', 'postgres_conf', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'postgres_user' => 'string',
-                'postgres_password' => 'string',
-                'postgres_db' => 'string',
+                'postgres_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                'postgres_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                'postgres_db' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
                 'postgres_initdb_args' => 'string',
                 'postgres_host_auth_method' => 'string',
                 'postgres_conf' => 'string',
@@ -1773,7 +1826,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 $request->offsetSet('postgres_conf', $postgresConf);
             }
-            $database = create_standalone_postgresql($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_postgresql($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -1789,12 +1842,25 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::MARIADB) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'mariadb_conf', 'mariadb_root_password', 'mariadb_user', 'mariadb_password', 'mariadb_database', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'clickhouse_admin_user' => 'string',
-                'clickhouse_admin_password' => 'string',
+                'mariadb_conf' => 'string',
+                'mariadb_root_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                'mariadb_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                'mariadb_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                'mariadb_database' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
             ]);
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
             if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
@@ -1831,7 +1897,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 $request->offsetSet('mariadb_conf', $mariadbConf);
             }
-            $database = create_standalone_mariadb($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_mariadb($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -1848,14 +1914,24 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::MYSQL) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'mysql_root_password', 'mysql_password', 'mysql_user', 'mysql_database', 'mysql_conf', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'mysql_root_password' => 'string',
-                'mysql_password' => 'string',
-                'mysql_user' => 'string',
-                'mysql_database' => 'string',
+                'mysql_root_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                'mysql_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                'mysql_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                'mysql_database' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
                 'mysql_conf' => 'string',
             ]);
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
@@ -1893,7 +1969,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 $request->offsetSet('mysql_conf', $mysqlConf);
             }
-            $database = create_standalone_mysql($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_mysql($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -1910,11 +1986,21 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::REDIS) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'redis_password', 'redis_conf', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'redis_password' => 'string',
+                'redis_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
                 'redis_conf' => 'string',
             ]);
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
@@ -1952,7 +2038,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 $request->offsetSet('redis_conf', $redisConf);
             }
-            $database = create_standalone_redis($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_redis($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -1969,11 +2055,21 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::DRAGONFLY) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares',  'dragonfly_password', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'dragonfly_password' => 'string',
+                'dragonfly_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
             ]);
 
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
@@ -1992,7 +2088,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             }
 
             removeUnnecessaryFieldsFromRequest($request);
-            $database = create_standalone_dragonfly($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_dragonfly($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -2006,7 +2102,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::KEYDB) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'keydb_password', 'keydb_conf', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'keydb_password' => 'string',
+                'keydb_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
                 'keydb_conf' => 'string',
             ]);
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
@@ -2044,7 +2140,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 $request->offsetSet('keydb_conf', $keydbConf);
             }
-            $database = create_standalone_keydb($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_keydb($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -2061,12 +2157,22 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::CLICKHOUSE) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares',  'clickhouse_admin_user', 'clickhouse_admin_password', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-                'clickhouse_admin_user' => 'string',
-                'clickhouse_admin_password' => 'string',
+                'clickhouse_admin_user' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                'clickhouse_admin_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
             ]);
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
             if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
@@ -2083,7 +2189,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 ], 422);
             }
             removeUnnecessaryFieldsFromRequest($request);
-            $database = create_standalone_clickhouse($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_clickhouse($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -2100,14 +2206,24 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         } elseif ($type === NewDatabaseTypes::MONGODB) {
             $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'image', 'public_port', 'public_port_timeout', 'is_public', 'project_uuid', 'environment_name', 'environment_uuid', 'server_uuid', 'destination_uuid', 'instant_deploy', 'limits_memory', 'limits_memory_swap', 'limits_memory_swappiness', 'limits_memory_reservation', 'limits_cpus', 'limits_cpuset', 'limits_cpu_shares', 'mongo_conf', 'mongo_initdb_root_username', 'mongo_initdb_root_password', 'mongo_initdb_database', 'tags'];
             $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
                 'mongo_conf' => 'string',
-                'mongo_initdb_root_username' => 'string',
-                'mongo_initdb_root_password' => 'string',
-                'mongo_initdb_database' => 'string',
+                'mongo_initdb_root_username' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
+                'mongo_initdb_root_password' => ValidationPatterns::databasePasswordRules(required: false),
+                'mongo_initdb_database' => ValidationPatterns::databaseIdentifierRules(required: false),
             ]);
             $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
             if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
@@ -2144,7 +2260,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 }
                 $request->offsetSet('mongo_conf', $mongoConf);
             }
-            $database = create_standalone_mongodb($environment->id, $destination->uuid, $request->only($allowedFields));
+            $database = create_standalone_mongodb($environment->id, $destination, $request->only($allowedFields));
             if ($instantDeploy) {
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
             }
@@ -2161,12 +2277,132 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 $payload['external_db_url'] = $database->external_db_url;
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.database.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'database_name' => $database->name,
+                'database_type' => $type->value,
+                'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+                'is_public' => (bool) $database->is_public,
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json(serializeApiResponse($payload))->setStatusCode(201);
         }
 
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid database type requested.'], 400);
     }
 
+    #[OA\Get(
+        summary: 'Get database logs.',
+        description: 'Get database logs by UUID.',
+        path: '/databases/{uuid}/logs',
+        operationId: 'get-database-logs-by-uuid',
+        security: [
+            ['bearerAuth' => []],
+        ],
+        tags: ['Databases'],
+        parameters: [
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'uuid',
+                in: 'path',
+                description: 'UUID of the database.',
+                required: true,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(
+                    type: 'string',
+                    format: 'uuid',
+                )
+            ),
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'lines',
+                in: 'query',
+                description: 'Number of lines to show from the end of the logs.',
+                required: false,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(
+                    type: 'integer',
+                    format: 'int32',
+                    default: 100,
+                )
+            ),
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'show_timestamps',
+                in: 'query',
+                description: 'Show timestamps in the logs.',
+                required: false,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'boolean', default: false),
+            ),
+        ],
+        responses: [
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 200,
+                description: 'Get database logs by UUID.',
+                content: [
+                    new OA\MediaType(
+                        mediaType: 'application/json',
+                        schema: new OA\Schema(
+                            type: 'object',
+                            properties: [
+                                'logs' => ['type' => 'string'],
+                            ]
+                        )
+                    ),
+                ]
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 401,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/401',
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 400,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/400',
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 404,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/404',
+            ),
+        ]
+    )]
+    public function logs_by_uuid(Request $request)
+    {
+        $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
+        if (is_null($teamId)) {
+            return invalidTokenResponse();
+        }
+        $uuid = $request->route('uuid');
+        if (! $uuid) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'UUID is required.'], 400);
+        }
+        $database = queryDatabaseByUuidWithinTeam($uuid, $teamId);
+        if (! $database) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Database not found.'], 404);
+        }
+
+        $containers = getCurrentDatabaseContainerStatus($database->destination->server, $database->id);
+
+        if ($containers->count() == 0) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Database is not running.',
+            ], 400);
+        }
+
+        $container = $containers->first();
+
+        $status = getContainerStatus($database->destination->server, $container['Names']);
+        if ($status !== 'running') {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Database is not running.',
+            ], 400);
+        }
+
+        $lines = normalizeLogLines($request->query('lines'));
+        $showTimestamps = parseLogTimestampFlag($request->query('show_timestamps'));
+        $logs = getContainerLogs($database->destination->server, $container['ID'], $lines, $showTimestamps);
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'logs' => $logs,
+        ]);
+    }
+
     #[OA\Delete(
         summary: 'Delete',
         description: 'Delete database by UUID.',
@@ -2245,6 +2481,13 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             dockerCleanup: $request->boolean('docker_cleanup', true)
         );
 
+        auditLog('api.database.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'database_name' => $database->name,
+            'database_type' => $database->type(),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'message' => 'Database deletion request queued.',
         ]);
@@ -2357,13 +2600,21 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             $backup->delete();
             DB::commit();
 
+            auditLog('api.database.backup_deleted', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'backup_uuid' => $request->scheduled_backup_uuid,
+                'delete_s3' => $deleteS3,
+                'executions_deleted' => $executions->count(),
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Backup configuration and all executions deleted.',
             ]);
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
             DB::rollBack();
 
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to delete backup: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to delete backup.'], 500);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2479,11 +2730,19 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
             $execution->delete();
 
+            auditLog('api.database.backup_execution_deleted', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+                'backup_uuid' => $request->scheduled_backup_uuid,
+                'execution_uuid' => $request->execution_uuid,
+                'delete_s3' => $deleteS3,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Backup execution deleted.',
             ]);
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to delete backup execution: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to delete backup execution.'], 500);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2661,6 +2920,13 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         }
         StartDatabase::dispatch($database);
 
+        auditLog('api.database.started', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'database_name' => $database->name,
+            'database_type' => $database->type(),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(
             [
                 'message' => 'Database starting request queued.',
@@ -2752,6 +3018,14 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         $dockerCleanup = $request->boolean('docker_cleanup', true);
         StopDatabase::dispatch($database, $dockerCleanup);
 
+        auditLog('api.database.stopped', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'database_name' => $database->name,
+            'database_type' => $database->type(),
+            'docker_cleanup' => $dockerCleanup,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(
             [
                 'message' => 'Database stopping request queued.',
@@ -2829,6 +3103,13 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         RestartDatabase::dispatch($database);
 
+        auditLog('api.database.restarted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'database_name' => $database->name,
+            'database_type' => $database->type(),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(
             [
                 'message' => 'Database restarting request queued.',
@@ -3008,8 +3289,12 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         $this->authorize('manageEnvironment', $database);
 
+        if ($request->has('key')) {
+            $request->merge(['key' => ValidationPatterns::normalizeEnvironmentVariableKey((string) $request->key)]);
+        }
+
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-            'key' => 'string|required',
+            'key' => ValidationPatterns::environmentVariableKeyRules(),
             'value' => 'string|nullable',
             'is_literal' => 'boolean',
             'is_multiline' => 'boolean',
@@ -3045,6 +3330,13 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         }
         $env->save();
 
+        auditLog('api.database.env_updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'env_uuid' => $env->uuid,
+            'env_key' => $env->key,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveEnvData($env))->setStatusCode(201);
     }
 
@@ -3149,8 +3441,12 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         $updatedEnvs = collect();
         foreach ($bulk_data as $item) {
+            if (array_key_exists('key', $item)) {
+                $item['key'] = ValidationPatterns::normalizeEnvironmentVariableKey((string) $item['key']);
+            }
+
             $validator = customApiValidator($item, [
-                'key' => 'string|required',
+                'key' => ValidationPatterns::environmentVariableKeyRules(),
                 'value' => 'string|nullable',
                 'is_literal' => 'boolean',
                 'is_multiline' => 'boolean',
@@ -3173,6 +3469,12 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             $updatedEnvs->push($this->removeSensitiveEnvData($env));
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.database.env_bulk_upserted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'env_count' => $updatedEnvs->count(),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($updatedEnvs)->setStatusCode(201);
     }
 
@@ -3261,8 +3563,12 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         $this->authorize('manageEnvironment', $database);
 
+        if ($request->has('key')) {
+            $request->merge(['key' => ValidationPatterns::normalizeEnvironmentVariableKey((string) $request->key)]);
+        }
+
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-            'key' => 'string|required',
+            'key' => ValidationPatterns::environmentVariableKeyRules(),
             'value' => 'string|nullable',
             'is_literal' => 'boolean',
             'is_multiline' => 'boolean',
@@ -3294,6 +3600,13 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             'comment' => $request->comment ?? null,
         ]);
 
+        auditLog('api.database.env_created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'env_uuid' => $env->uuid,
+            'env_key' => $env->key,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveEnvData($env))->setStatusCode(201);
     }
 
@@ -3379,8 +3692,17 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment variable not found.'], 404);
         }
 
+        $envKey = $env->key;
+        $envUuid = $env->uuid;
         $env->forceDelete();
 
+        auditLog('api.database.env_deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'env_uuid' => $envUuid,
+            'env_key' => $envKey,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment variable deleted.']);
     }
 
@@ -3527,13 +3849,14 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             'type' => 'required|string|in:persistent,file',
             'name' => ['string', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::VOLUME_NAME_PATTERN],
             'mount_path' => 'required|string',
-            'host_path' => 'string|nullable',
+            'host_path' => ['string', 'nullable', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::DIRECTORY_PATH_PATTERN],
             'content' => 'string|nullable',
             'is_directory' => 'boolean',
+            'is_host_file' => 'boolean',
             'fs_path' => 'string',
         ]);
 
-        $allAllowedFields = ['type', 'name', 'mount_path', 'host_path', 'content', 'is_directory', 'fs_path'];
+        $allAllowedFields = ['type', 'name', 'mount_path', 'host_path', 'content', 'is_directory', 'is_host_file', 'fs_path'];
         $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allAllowedFields);
         if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
             $errors = $validator->errors();
@@ -3557,7 +3880,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 ], 422);
             }
 
-            $typeSpecificInvalidFields = array_intersect(['content', 'is_directory', 'fs_path'], array_keys($request->all()));
+            $typeSpecificInvalidFields = array_intersect(['content', 'is_directory', 'is_host_file', 'fs_path'], array_keys($request->all()));
             if (! empty($typeSpecificInvalidFields)) {
                 return response()->json([
                     'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -3588,6 +3911,14 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
         }
 
         $isDirectory = $request->boolean('is_directory', false);
+        $isHostFile = $request->boolean('is_host_file', false);
+
+        if ($isDirectory && $isHostFile) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                'errors' => ['is_host_file' => 'Host file mounts cannot also be directory mounts.'],
+            ], 422);
+        }
 
         if ($isDirectory) {
             if (! $request->fs_path) {
@@ -3610,12 +3941,50 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
                 'resource_id' => $database->id,
                 'resource_type' => get_class($database),
             ]);
+        } elseif ($isHostFile) {
+            if (! $request->fs_path) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['fs_path' => 'The fs_path field is required for host file mounts.'],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+
+            if ($request->filled('content')) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['content' => 'Content is not valid for host file mounts.'],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+
+            try {
+                $fsPath = validateHostFileMountPath($request->fs_path, 'host file source path');
+                $mountPath = validateFileMountPath($request->mount_path, 'host file destination path');
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['mount_path' => $e->getMessage()],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+
+            $storage = LocalFileVolume::create([
+                'fs_path' => $fsPath,
+                'mount_path' => $mountPath,
+                'content' => null,
+                'is_directory' => false,
+                'is_host_file' => true,
+                'resource_id' => $database->id,
+                'resource_type' => get_class($database),
+            ]);
         } else {
-            $mountPath = str($request->mount_path)->trim()->start('/')->value();
-
-            validateShellSafePath($mountPath, 'file storage path');
-
-            $fsPath = database_configuration_dir().'/'.$database->uuid.$mountPath;
+            try {
+                $mountPath = validateFileMountPath($request->mount_path, 'file storage path');
+                $fsPath = confineFileMountPath(database_configuration_dir().'/'.$database->uuid, $mountPath, 'file storage path');
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['mount_path' => $e->getMessage()],
+                ], 422);
+            }
 
             $storage = LocalFileVolume::create([
                 'fs_path' => $fsPath,
@@ -3627,6 +3996,15 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             ]);
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.database.storage_created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'storage_uuid' => $storage->uuid ?? null,
+            'storage_id' => $storage->id,
+            'storage_type' => $request->type,
+            'mount_path' => $storage->mount_path,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($storage, 201);
     }
 
@@ -3725,7 +4103,7 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             'is_preview_suffix_enabled' => 'boolean',
             'name' => ['string', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::VOLUME_NAME_PATTERN],
             'mount_path' => 'string',
-            'host_path' => 'string|nullable',
+            'host_path' => ['string', 'nullable', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::DIRECTORY_PATH_PATTERN],
             'content' => 'string|nullable',
         ]);
 
@@ -3825,6 +4203,15 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
 
         $storage->save();
 
+        auditLog('api.database.storage_updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'storage_uuid' => $storage->uuid ?? null,
+            'storage_id' => $storage->id,
+            'storage_type' => $request->type,
+            'mount_path' => $storage->mount_path ?? null,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($storage);
     }
 
@@ -3898,8 +4285,18 @@ class DatabasesController extends Controller
             $storage->deleteStorageOnServer();
         }
 
+        $storageType = $storage instanceof LocalFileVolume ? 'file' : 'persistent';
+        $storageMountPath = $storage->mount_path ?? null;
         $storage->delete();
 
+        auditLog('api.database.storage_deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'database_uuid' => $database->uuid,
+            'storage_uuid' => $storageUuid,
+            'storage_type' => $storageType,
+            'mount_path' => $storageMountPath,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Storage deleted.']);
     }
 

app/Http/Controllers/Api/DeployController.php

@@ -4,15 +4,17 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
 
 use App\Actions\Database\StartDatabase;
 use App\Actions\Service\StartService;
+use App\Enums\ApplicationDeploymentStatus;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\ApplicationDeploymentQueue;
+use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Models\Service;
 use App\Models\Tag;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class DeployController extends Controller
 {
@@ -228,8 +230,8 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
 
         // Check if deployment can be cancelled (must be queued or in_progress)
         $cancellableStatuses = [
-            \App\Enums\ApplicationDeploymentStatus::QUEUED->value,
-            \App\Enums\ApplicationDeploymentStatus::IN_PROGRESS->value,
+            ApplicationDeploymentStatus::QUEUED->value,
+            ApplicationDeploymentStatus::IN_PROGRESS->value,
         ];
 
         if (! in_array($deployment->status, $cancellableStatuses)) {
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
 
             // Mark deployment as cancelled
             $deployment->update([
-                'status' => \App\Enums\ApplicationDeploymentStatus::CANCELLED_BY_USER->value,
+                'status' => ApplicationDeploymentStatus::CANCELLED_BY_USER->value,
             ]);
 
             // Get the server
@@ -278,6 +280,14 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
                 }
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.deployment.cancelled', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'deployment_uuid' => $deployment->deployment_uuid,
+                'application_id' => $application?->id,
+                'application_uuid' => $application?->uuid,
+                'server_id' => $deployment->server_id,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Deployment cancelled successfully.',
                 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment->deployment_uuid,
@@ -304,6 +314,8 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
             new OA\Parameter(name: 'uuid', in: 'query', description: 'Resource UUID(s). Comma separated list is also accepted.', schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'string')),
             new OA\Parameter(name: 'force', in: 'query', description: 'Force rebuild (without cache)', schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'boolean')),
             new OA\Parameter(name: 'pr', in: 'query', description: 'Pull Request Id for deploying specific PR builds. Cannot be used with tag parameter.', schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'integer')),
+            new OA\Parameter(name: 'pull_request_id', in: 'query', description: 'Preview deployment identifier. Alias of pr.', schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'integer')),
+            new OA\Parameter(name: 'docker_tag', in: 'query', description: 'Docker image tag for Docker Image preview deployments. Requires pull_request_id.', schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'string')),
         ],
 
         responses: [
@@ -353,8 +365,10 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
 
         $uuids = $request->input('uuid');
         $tags = $request->input('tag');
-        $force = $request->input('force') ?? false;
-        $pr = $request->input('pr') ? max((int) $request->input('pr'), 0) : 0;
+        $force = $request->boolean('force');
+        $pullRequestId = $request->input('pull_request_id', $request->input('pr'));
+        $pr = $pullRequestId ? max((int) $pullRequestId, 0) : 0;
+        $dockerTag = $request->string('docker_tag')->trim()->value() ?: null;
 
         if ($uuids && $tags) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'You can only use uuid or tag, not both.'], 400);
@@ -362,16 +376,22 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
         if ($tags && $pr) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'You can only use tag or pr, not both.'], 400);
         }
+        if ($dockerTag && $pr === 0) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'docker_tag requires pull_request_id.'], 400);
+        }
+        if ($dockerTag && $tags) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'You can only use tag or docker_tag, not both.'], 400);
+        }
         if ($tags) {
             return $this->by_tags($tags, $teamId, $force);
         } elseif ($uuids) {
-            return $this->by_uuids($uuids, $teamId, $force, $pr);
+            return $this->by_uuids($uuids, $teamId, $force, $pr, $dockerTag);
         }
 
         return response()->json(['message' => 'You must provide uuid or tag.'], 400);
     }
 
-    private function by_uuids(string $uuid, int $teamId, bool $force = false, int $pr = 0)
+    private function by_uuids(string $uuid, int $teamId, bool $force = false, int $pr = 0, ?string $dockerTag = null)
     {
         $uuids = explode(',', $uuid);
         $uuids = collect(array_filter($uuids));
@@ -384,21 +404,28 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
         foreach ($uuids as $uuid) {
             $resource = getResourceByUuid($uuid, $teamId);
             if ($resource) {
+                $dockerTagForResource = $dockerTag;
                 if ($pr !== 0) {
-                    $preview = $resource->previews()->where('pull_request_id', $pr)->first();
+                    $preview = null;
+                    if ($resource instanceof Application && $resource->build_pack === 'dockerimage') {
+                        $preview = $this->upsertDockerImagePreview($resource, $pr, $dockerTag);
+                        $dockerTagForResource = $preview?->docker_registry_image_tag;
+                    } else {
+                        $preview = $resource->previews()->where('pull_request_id', $pr)->first();
+                    }
                     if (! $preview) {
                         $deployments->push(['message' => "Pull request {$pr} not found for this resource.", 'resource_uuid' => $uuid]);
 
                         continue;
                     }
                 }
-                $result = $this->deploy_resource($resource, $force, $pr);
+                $result = $this->deploy_resource($resource, $force, $pr, $dockerTagForResource);
                 if (isset($result['status']) && $result['status'] === 429) {
                     return response()->json(['message' => $result['message']], 429)->header('Retry-After', 60);
                 }
                 ['message' => $return_message, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid] = $result;
                 if ($deployment_uuid) {
-                    $deployments->push(['message' => $return_message, 'resource_uuid' => $uuid, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid->toString()]);
+                    $deployments->push(['message' => $return_message, 'resource_uuid' => $uuid, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid]);
                 } else {
                     $deployments->push(['message' => $return_message, 'resource_uuid' => $uuid]);
                 }
@@ -444,7 +471,7 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
                 }
                 ['message' => $return_message, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid] = $result;
                 if ($deployment_uuid) {
-                    $deployments->push(['resource_uuid' => $resource->uuid, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid->toString()]);
+                    $deployments->push(['resource_uuid' => $resource->uuid, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid]);
                 }
                 $message = $message->merge($return_message);
             }
@@ -465,7 +492,7 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
         return response()->json(['message' => 'No resources found with this tag.'], 404);
     }
 
-    public function deploy_resource($resource, bool $force = false, int $pr = 0): array
+    public function deploy_resource($resource, bool $force = false, int $pr = 0, ?string $dockerTag = null): array
     {
         $message = null;
         $deployment_uuid = null;
@@ -477,16 +504,20 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
                 // Check authorization for application deployment
                 try {
                     $this->authorize('deploy', $resource);
-                } catch (\Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException $e) {
+                } catch (AuthorizationException $e) {
                     return ['message' => 'Unauthorized to deploy this application.', 'deployment_uuid' => null];
                 }
-                $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                if ($dockerTag !== null && $resource->build_pack !== 'dockerimage') {
+                    return ['message' => 'docker_tag can only be used with Docker Image applications.', 'deployment_uuid' => null];
+                }
+                $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                 $result = queue_application_deployment(
                     application: $resource,
                     deployment_uuid: $deployment_uuid,
                     force_rebuild: $force,
                     pull_request_id: $pr,
                     is_api: true,
+                    docker_registry_image_tag: $dockerTag,
                 );
                 if ($result['status'] === 'queue_full') {
                     return ['message' => $result['message'], 'deployment_uuid' => null, 'status' => 429];
@@ -494,23 +525,35 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
                     $message = $result['message'];
                 } else {
                     $message = "Application {$resource->name} deployment queued.";
+                    auditLog('api.deployment.triggered', [
+                        'resource_type' => 'application',
+                        'application_uuid' => $resource->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $resource->name,
+                        'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid,
+                        'force_rebuild' => $force,
+                        'pull_request_id' => $pr,
+                    ]);
                 }
                 break;
             case Service::class:
                 // Check authorization for service deployment
                 try {
                     $this->authorize('deploy', $resource);
-                } catch (\Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException $e) {
+                } catch (AuthorizationException $e) {
                     return ['message' => 'Unauthorized to deploy this service.', 'deployment_uuid' => null];
                 }
                 StartService::run($resource);
                 $message = "Service {$resource->name} started. It could take a while, be patient.";
+                auditLog('api.service.deployed', [
+                    'service_uuid' => $resource->uuid,
+                    'service_name' => $resource->name,
+                ]);
                 break;
             default:
                 // Database resource - check authorization
                 try {
                     $this->authorize('manage', $resource);
-                } catch (\Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException $e) {
+                } catch (AuthorizationException $e) {
                     return ['message' => 'Unauthorized to start this database.', 'deployment_uuid' => null];
                 }
                 StartDatabase::dispatch($resource);
@@ -519,12 +562,45 @@ class DeployController extends Controller
                 $resource->save();
 
                 $message = "Database {$resource->name} started.";
+                auditLog('api.database.started', [
+                    'database_uuid' => $resource->uuid,
+                    'database_name' => $resource->name,
+                    'database_type' => $resource->getMorphClass(),
+                ]);
                 break;
         }
 
         return ['message' => $message, 'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid];
     }
 
+    private function upsertDockerImagePreview(Application $application, int $pullRequestId, ?string $dockerTag): ?ApplicationPreview
+    {
+        $preview = $application->previews()->where('pull_request_id', $pullRequestId)->first();
+
+        if (! $preview && $dockerTag === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (! $preview) {
+            $preview = ApplicationPreview::create([
+                'application_id' => $application->id,
+                'pull_request_id' => $pullRequestId,
+                'pull_request_html_url' => '',
+                'docker_registry_image_tag' => $dockerTag,
+            ]);
+            $preview->generate_preview_fqdn();
+
+            return $preview;
+        }
+
+        if ($dockerTag !== null && $preview->docker_registry_image_tag !== $dockerTag) {
+            $preview->docker_registry_image_tag = $dockerTag;
+            $preview->save();
+        }
+
+        return $preview;
+    }
+
     #[OA\Get(
         summary: 'List application deployments',
         description: 'List application deployments by using the app uuid',

app/Http/Controllers/Api/DestinationsController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
+
+use App\Actions\Destination\RemoveStandaloneDockerNetwork;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Models\Server;
+use App\Models\StandaloneDocker;
+use App\Models\SwarmDocker;
+use Illuminate\Database\QueryException;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+class DestinationsController extends Controller
+{
+    private function transform(StandaloneDocker|SwarmDocker $destination): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'uuid' => $destination->uuid,
+            'name' => $destination->name,
+            'network' => $destination->network,
+            'type' => $destination instanceof SwarmDocker ? 'swarm' : 'standalone',
+            'server_uuid' => $destination->server?->uuid,
+            'created_at' => $destination->created_at,
+            'updated_at' => $destination->updated_at,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolve the calling token's team id, or return an invalid-token response.
+     */
+    private function teamIdOrAbort(): int|JsonResponse
+    {
+        $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
+        if (is_null($teamId)) {
+            return invalidTokenResponse();
+        }
+
+        return $teamId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * StandaloneDocker / SwarmDocker scoped to a team via their parent server.
+     * Uses whereHas instead of the model's ownedByCurrentTeamAPI() scope so the
+     * controller works on Coolify versions that pre-date that scope being added
+     * to the destination models (e.g. 4.0.0-beta.470).
+     */
+    private function teamScopedDockers(int $teamId): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'standalone' => StandaloneDocker::with('server:id,uuid')->whereHas('server', fn ($query) => $query->whereTeamId($teamId))->get(),
+            'swarm' => SwarmDocker::with('server:id,uuid')->whereHas('server', fn ($query) => $query->whereTeamId($teamId))->get(),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private function findDestinationForTeam(int $teamId, string $uuid): StandaloneDocker|SwarmDocker
+    {
+        return StandaloneDocker::with('server:id,uuid,team_id,ip,user,port,private_key_id')->whereHas('server', fn ($query) => $query->whereTeamId($teamId))->whereUuid($uuid)->first()
+            ?? SwarmDocker::with('server:id,uuid,team_id')->whereHas('server', fn ($query) => $query->whereTeamId($teamId))->whereUuid($uuid)->firstOrFail();
+    }
+
+    public function index(Request $request): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $teamId = $this->teamIdOrAbort();
+        if (! is_int($teamId)) {
+            return $teamId;
+        }
+        $sets = $this->teamScopedDockers($teamId);
+
+        return response()->json(
+            $sets['standalone']->concat($sets['swarm'])
+                ->map(fn ($destination) => $this->transform($destination))
+                ->values()
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function index_by_server(Request $request, string $server_uuid): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $teamId = $this->teamIdOrAbort();
+        if (! is_int($teamId)) {
+            return $teamId;
+        }
+        $server = Server::with(['standaloneDockers.server:id,uuid', 'swarmDockers.server:id,uuid'])
+            ->whereTeamId($teamId)
+            ->whereUuid($server_uuid)
+            ->firstOrFail();
+        $list = $server->standaloneDockers->concat($server->swarmDockers);
+
+        return response()->json($list->map(fn ($destination) => $this->transform($destination))->values());
+    }
+
+    public function show(Request $request, string $uuid): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $teamId = $this->teamIdOrAbort();
+        if (! is_int($teamId)) {
+            return $teamId;
+        }
+        $destination = $this->findDestinationForTeam($teamId, $uuid);
+
+        return response()->json($this->transform($destination));
+    }
+
+    public function create(Request $request, string $server_uuid): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $teamId = $this->teamIdOrAbort();
+        if (! is_int($teamId)) {
+            return $teamId;
+        }
+
+        $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
+            return $return;
+        }
+
+        $server = Server::whereTeamId($teamId)->whereUuid($server_uuid)->firstOrFail();
+
+        $allowed = ['name', 'network', 'type'];
+
+        $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
+            'name' => 'nullable|string|max:255',
+            'network' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255', 'regex:/^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9._-]*$/'],
+            'type' => 'nullable|in:standalone,swarm',
+        ]);
+        $extra = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowed);
+        if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extra)) {
+            $errors = $validator->errors();
+            if (! empty($extra)) {
+                foreach ($extra as $field) {
+                    $errors->add($field, 'This field is not allowed.');
+                }
+            }
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Validation failed.', 'errors' => $errors], 422);
+        }
+
+        $expectedType = $server->isSwarm() ? 'swarm' : 'standalone';
+        $type = $request->input('type', $expectedType);
+        if ($type !== $expectedType) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => "Destination type must be {$expectedType} for this server."], 422);
+        }
+
+        $name = $request->input('name') ?: ($server->name.'-'.$request->input('network'));
+        $class = $type === 'swarm' ? SwarmDocker::class : StandaloneDocker::class;
+
+        $this->authorize('create', $class);
+
+        $exists = $class::where('server_id', $server->id)->where('network', $request->input('network'))->exists();
+        if ($exists) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'A destination with this network already exists on the server.'], 409);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $destination = $class::create([
+                'name' => $name,
+                'network' => $request->input('network'),
+                'server_id' => $server->id,
+            ]);
+        } catch (QueryException $exception) {
+            if ($this->isUniqueConstraintViolation($exception)) {
+                return response()->json(['message' => 'A destination with this network already exists on the server.'], 409);
+            }
+
+            throw $exception;
+        }
+
+        auditLog('api.destination.created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'destination_uuid' => $destination->uuid,
+            'destination_name' => $destination->name,
+            'destination_type' => $type,
+            'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+        ]);
+
+        return response()->json($this->transform($destination->load('server:id,uuid')), 201);
+    }
+
+    private function isUniqueConstraintViolation(QueryException $exception): bool
+    {
+        $sqlState = $exception->errorInfo[0] ?? null;
+        $driverCode = (string) ($exception->errorInfo[1] ?? $exception->getCode());
+
+        return in_array($sqlState, ['23000', '23505'], true)
+            || in_array($driverCode, ['19', '1062', '2067'], true);
+    }
+
+    public function delete(Request $request, string $uuid): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $teamId = $this->teamIdOrAbort();
+        if (! is_int($teamId)) {
+            return $teamId;
+        }
+        $destination = $this->findDestinationForTeam($teamId, $uuid);
+
+        $this->authorize('delete', $destination);
+
+        // Guard against deleting destinations with attached resources. attachedTo()
+        // is recent on the destination models; fall back to a manual check for
+        // older Coolify versions (e.g. 4.0.0-beta.470).
+        if (method_exists($destination, 'attachedTo')) {
+            if ($destination->attachedTo()) {
+                return response()->json(['message' => 'Destination has attached resources, detach first.'], 409);
+            }
+        } else {
+            $hasAttached = $destination->applications()->exists()
+                || $destination->postgresqls()->exists()
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'mysqls') && $destination->mysqls()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'mariadbs') && $destination->mariadbs()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'mongodbs') && $destination->mongodbs()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'redis') && $destination->redis()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'keydbs') && $destination->keydbs()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'dragonflies') && $destination->dragonflies()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'clickhouses') && $destination->clickhouses()->exists())
+                || (method_exists($destination, 'services') && $destination->services()->exists());
+            if ($hasAttached) {
+                return response()->json(['message' => 'Destination has attached resources, detach first.'], 409);
+            }
+        }
+        if ($destination instanceof StandaloneDocker) {
+            app(RemoveStandaloneDockerNetwork::class)->handle($destination);
+        }
+
+        $destinationUuid = $destination->uuid;
+        $destinationName = $destination->name;
+        $destinationType = $destination instanceof SwarmDocker ? 'swarm' : 'standalone';
+        $serverUuid = $destination->server?->uuid;
+
+        $destination->delete();
+
+        auditLog('api.destination.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'destination_uuid' => $destinationUuid,
+            'destination_name' => $destinationName,
+            'destination_type' => $destinationType,
+            'server_uuid' => $serverUuid,
+        ]);
+
+        return response()->json(['message' => 'Deleted.']);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/GithubController.php

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
                             'private_key_uuid' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'UUID of an existing private key for GitHub App authentication.'],
                             'is_system_wide' => ['type' => 'boolean', 'description' => 'Is this app system-wide (cloud only).'],
                         ],
-                        required: ['name', 'api_url', 'html_url', 'app_id', 'installation_id', 'client_id', 'client_secret', 'private_key_uuid'],
+                        required: ['name', 'html_url', 'app_id', 'installation_id', 'client_id', 'client_secret', 'private_key_uuid'],
                     ),
                 ),
             ],
@@ -183,6 +183,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [GithubApp::class]);
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
@@ -204,10 +205,14 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
             'is_system_wide',
         ];
 
+        $request->merge([
+            'organization' => normalizeGithubOrganization($request->input('organization')),
+        ]);
+
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
             'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
-            'organization' => 'nullable|string|max:255',
-            'api_url' => ['required', 'string', 'url', new SafeExternalUrl],
+            'organization' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:255', 'regex:/\A[^\s\/?#]+\z/'],
+            'api_url' => ['nullable', 'string', 'url', new SafeExternalUrl],
             'html_url' => ['required', 'string', 'url', new SafeExternalUrl],
             'custom_user' => 'nullable|string|max:255',
             'custom_port' => 'nullable|integer|min:1|max:65535',
@@ -251,7 +256,9 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
                 'uuid' => Str::uuid(),
                 'name' => $request->input('name'),
                 'organization' => $request->input('organization'),
-                'api_url' => $request->input('api_url'),
+                'api_url' => filled($request->input('api_url'))
+                    ? $request->input('api_url')
+                    : githubApiUrlFromHtmlUrl($request->input('html_url')),
                 'html_url' => $request->input('html_url'),
                 'custom_user' => $request->input('custom_user', 'git'),
                 'custom_port' => $request->input('custom_port', 22),
@@ -271,6 +278,12 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
 
             $githubApp = GithubApp::create($payload);
 
+            auditLog('api.github_app.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'github_app_uuid' => $githubApp->uuid,
+                'github_app_name' => $githubApp->name,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json($githubApp, 201);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             return handleError($e);
@@ -558,6 +571,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
             $githubApp = GithubApp::where('id', $github_app_id)
                 ->where('team_id', $teamId)
                 ->firstOrFail();
+            $this->authorize('update', $githubApp);
 
             // Define allowed fields for update
             $allowedFields = [
@@ -581,13 +595,17 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
 
             $payload = $request->only($allowedFields);
 
+            if (array_key_exists('organization', $payload)) {
+                $payload['organization'] = normalizeGithubOrganization($payload['organization']);
+            }
+
             // Validate the request
             $rules = [];
             if (isset($payload['name'])) {
                 $rules['name'] = 'string';
             }
             if (isset($payload['organization'])) {
-                $rules['organization'] = 'nullable|string';
+                $rules['organization'] = ['nullable', 'string', 'regex:/\A[^\s\/?#]+\z/'];
             }
             if (isset($payload['api_url'])) {
                 $rules['api_url'] = ['url', new SafeExternalUrl];
@@ -631,6 +649,13 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
                 ], 422);
             }
 
+            if (array_key_exists('organization', $payload)) {
+                $payload['organization'] = normalizeGithubOrganization($payload['organization']);
+            }
+            if (isset($payload['html_url']) && ! filled($payload['api_url'] ?? null)) {
+                $payload['api_url'] = githubApiUrlFromHtmlUrl($payload['html_url']);
+            }
+
             // Handle private_key_uuid -> private_key_id conversion
             if (isset($payload['private_key_uuid'])) {
                 $privateKey = PrivateKey::where('team_id', $teamId)
@@ -650,6 +675,13 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
             // Update the GitHub app
             $githubApp->update($payload);
 
+            auditLog('api.github_app.updated', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'github_app_uuid' => $githubApp->uuid,
+                'github_app_name' => $githubApp->name,
+                'changed_fields' => array_values(array_diff($allowedFields, ['client_secret', 'webhook_secret', 'private_key_uuid'])),
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'GitHub app updated successfully',
                 'data' => $githubApp,
@@ -724,6 +756,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
             $githubApp = GithubApp::where('id', $github_app_id)
                 ->where('team_id', $teamId)
                 ->firstOrFail();
+            $this->authorize('delete', $githubApp);
 
             // Check if the GitHub app is being used by any applications
             if ($githubApp->applications->isNotEmpty()) {
@@ -734,8 +767,16 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
                 ], 409);
             }
 
+            $deletedUuid = $githubApp->uuid;
+            $deletedName = $githubApp->name;
             $githubApp->delete();
 
+            auditLog('api.github_app.deleted', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'github_app_uuid' => $deletedUuid,
+                'github_app_name' => $deletedName,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'GitHub app deleted successfully',
             ]);

app/Http/Controllers/Api/HetznerController.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
 
+use App\Actions\Server\ValidateServer;
 use App\Enums\ProxyTypes;
 use App\Exceptions\RateLimitException;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ use App\Models\Team;
 use App\Rules\ValidCloudInitYaml;
 use App\Rules\ValidHostname;
 use App\Services\HetznerService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;
 
@@ -114,6 +116,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Hetzner cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         try {
             $hetznerService = new HetznerService($token->token);
@@ -121,7 +124,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
 
             return response()->json($locations);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch locations: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch Hetzner locations.'], 500);
         }
     }
 
@@ -235,6 +238,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Hetzner cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         try {
             $hetznerService = new HetznerService($token->token);
@@ -242,7 +246,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
 
             return response()->json($serverTypes);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch server types: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch Hetzner server types.'], 500);
         }
     }
 
@@ -334,6 +338,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Hetzner cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         try {
             $hetznerService = new HetznerService($token->token);
@@ -354,7 +359,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
 
             return response()->json(array_values($filtered));
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch images: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch Hetzner images.'], 500);
         }
     }
 
@@ -443,6 +448,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Hetzner cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         try {
             $hetznerService = new HetznerService($token->token);
@@ -450,7 +456,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
 
             return response()->json($sshKeys);
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch SSH keys: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to fetch Hetzner SSH keys.'], 500);
         }
     }
 
@@ -548,9 +554,10 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [Server::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
 
@@ -618,6 +625,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Hetzner cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         // Validate private key
         $privateKey = PrivateKey::whereTeamId($teamId)->whereUuid($request->private_key_uuid)->first();
@@ -717,9 +725,17 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
 
             // Validate server if requested
             if ($request->instant_validate) {
-                \App\Actions\Server\ValidateServer::dispatch($server);
+                ValidateServer::dispatch($server);
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.hetzner_server.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+                'server_name' => $server->name,
+                'hetzner_server_id' => $hetznerServer['id'],
+                'ip' => $ipAddress,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'uuid' => $server->uuid,
                 'hetzner_server_id' => $hetznerServer['id'],
@@ -733,7 +749,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
 
             return $response;
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to create server: '.$e->getMessage()], 500);
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Failed to create Hetzner server.'], 500);
         }
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/OtherController.php

@@ -85,11 +85,15 @@ class OtherController extends Controller
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
         if ($teamId !== '0') {
+            auditLog('api.instance.enable_denied', ['team_id' => $teamId], 'warning');
+
             return response()->json(['message' => 'You are not allowed to enable the API.'], 403);
         }
         $settings = instanceSettings();
         $settings->update(['is_api_enabled' => true]);
 
+        auditLog('api.instance.enabled', ['team_id' => $teamId]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'API enabled.'], 200);
     }
 
@@ -137,21 +141,141 @@ class OtherController extends Controller
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
         if ($teamId !== '0') {
+            auditLog('api.instance.disable_denied', ['team_id' => $teamId], 'warning');
+
             return response()->json(['message' => 'You are not allowed to disable the API.'], 403);
         }
         $settings = instanceSettings();
         $settings->update(['is_api_enabled' => false]);
 
+        auditLog('api.instance.disabled', ['team_id' => $teamId]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'API disabled.'], 200);
     }
 
+    #[OA\Post(
+        summary: 'Enable MCP Server',
+        description: 'Enable the MCP server endpoint at /mcp (only with root permissions).',
+        path: '/mcp/enable',
+        operationId: 'enable-mcp',
+        security: [
+            ['bearerAuth' => []],
+        ],
+        responses: [
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 200,
+                description: 'MCP server enabled.',
+                content: new OA\JsonContent(
+                    type: 'object',
+                    properties: [
+                        new OA\Property(property: 'message', type: 'string', example: 'MCP server enabled.'),
+                    ]
+                )),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 403,
+                description: 'You are not allowed to enable the MCP server.',
+                content: new OA\JsonContent(
+                    type: 'object',
+                    properties: [
+                        new OA\Property(property: 'message', type: 'string', example: 'You are not allowed to enable the MCP server.'),
+                    ]
+                )),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 401,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/401',
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 400,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/400',
+            ),
+        ]
+    )]
+    public function enable_mcp(Request $request)
+    {
+        $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
+        if (is_null($teamId)) {
+            return invalidTokenResponse();
+        }
+        if ($teamId !== '0') {
+            auditLog('api.mcp.enable_denied', ['team_id' => $teamId], 'warning');
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'You are not allowed to enable the MCP server.'], 403);
+        }
+        $settings = instanceSettings();
+        $settings->update(['is_mcp_server_enabled' => true]);
+
+        auditLog('api.mcp.enabled', ['team_id' => $teamId]);
+
+        return response()->json(['message' => 'MCP server enabled.'], 200);
+    }
+
+    #[OA\Post(
+        summary: 'Disable MCP Server',
+        description: 'Disable the MCP server endpoint at /mcp (only with root permissions).',
+        path: '/mcp/disable',
+        operationId: 'disable-mcp',
+        security: [
+            ['bearerAuth' => []],
+        ],
+        responses: [
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 200,
+                description: 'MCP server disabled.',
+                content: new OA\JsonContent(
+                    type: 'object',
+                    properties: [
+                        new OA\Property(property: 'message', type: 'string', example: 'MCP server disabled.'),
+                    ]
+                )),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 403,
+                description: 'You are not allowed to disable the MCP server.',
+                content: new OA\JsonContent(
+                    type: 'object',
+                    properties: [
+                        new OA\Property(property: 'message', type: 'string', example: 'You are not allowed to disable the MCP server.'),
+                    ]
+                )),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 401,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/401',
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 400,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/400',
+            ),
+        ]
+    )]
+    public function disable_mcp(Request $request)
+    {
+        $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
+        if (is_null($teamId)) {
+            return invalidTokenResponse();
+        }
+        if ($teamId !== '0') {
+            auditLog('api.mcp.disable_denied', ['team_id' => $teamId], 'warning');
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'You are not allowed to disable the MCP server.'], 403);
+        }
+        $settings = instanceSettings();
+        $settings->update(['is_mcp_server_enabled' => false]);
+
+        auditLog('api.mcp.disabled', ['team_id' => $teamId]);
+
+        return response()->json(['message' => 'MCP server disabled.'], 200);
+    }
+
     public function feedback(Request $request)
     {
-        $content = $request->input('content');
+        $data = $request->validate([
+            'content' => ['required', 'string', 'min:10', 'max:2000'],
+        ]);
+
         $webhook_url = config('constants.webhooks.feedback_discord_webhook');
         if ($webhook_url) {
-            Http::post($webhook_url, [
-                'content' => $content,
+            Http::timeout(5)->post($webhook_url, [
+                'content' => $data['content'],
+                'allowed_mentions' => ['parse' => []],
             ]);
         }
 

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ProjectController.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Models\Project;
 use App\Support\ValidationPatterns;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
 use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $project);
 
         $project->load(['environments']);
 
@@ -232,9 +234,10 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [Project::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
         $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
@@ -263,6 +266,12 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
             'team_id' => $teamId,
         ]);
 
+        auditLog('api.project.created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'project_uuid' => $project->uuid,
+            'project_name' => $project->name,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $project->uuid,
         ])->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -347,7 +356,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         }
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
         $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
@@ -378,9 +387,17 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $project);
 
         $project->update($request->only($allowedFields));
 
+        auditLog('api.project.updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'project_uuid' => $project->uuid,
+            'project_name' => $project->name,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $project->uuid,
             'name' => $project->name,
@@ -455,12 +472,21 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $project);
         if (! $project->isEmpty()) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project has resources, so it cannot be deleted.'], 400);
         }
 
+        $projectUuid = $project->uuid;
+        $projectName = $project->name;
         $project->delete();
 
+        auditLog('api.project.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'project_uuid' => $projectUuid,
+            'project_name' => $projectName,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Project deleted.']);
     }
 
@@ -600,7 +626,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         }
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
         $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
@@ -630,6 +656,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $project);
 
         $existingEnvironment = $project->environments()->where('name', $request->name)->first();
         if ($existingEnvironment) {
@@ -640,6 +667,13 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
             'name' => $request->name,
         ]);
 
+        auditLog('api.project.environment_created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'project_uuid' => $project->uuid,
+            'environment_uuid' => $environment->uuid,
+            'environment_name' => $environment->name,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $environment->uuid,
         ])->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -717,13 +751,23 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $environment) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $environment);
 
         if (! $environment->isEmpty()) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment has resources, so it cannot be deleted.'], 400);
         }
 
+        $envUuid = $environment->uuid;
+        $envName = $environment->name;
         $environment->delete();
 
+        auditLog('api.project.environment_deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'project_uuid' => $project->uuid,
+            'environment_uuid' => $envUuid,
+            'environment_name' => $envName,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment deleted.']);
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ScheduledTasksController.php

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\ScheduledTask;
 use App\Models\Service;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;
 
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
         return Service::whereRelation('environment.project.team', 'id', $teamId)->where('uuid', $request->uuid)->first();
     }
 
-    private function listTasks(Application|Service $resource): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    private function listTasks(Application|Service $resource): JsonResponse
     {
         $this->authorize('view', $resource);
 
@@ -44,12 +45,12 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
         return response()->json($tasks);
     }
 
-    private function createTask(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    private function createTask(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): JsonResponse
     {
         $this->authorize('update', $resource);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
 
@@ -105,15 +106,23 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
 
         $task->save();
 
+        auditLog('api.scheduled_task.created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'task_uuid' => $task->uuid,
+            'task_name' => $task->name,
+            'resource_type' => $resource instanceof Application ? 'application' : 'service',
+            'resource_uuid' => $resource->uuid,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($task), 201);
     }
 
-    private function updateTask(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    private function updateTask(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): JsonResponse
     {
         $this->authorize('update', $resource);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
 
@@ -161,22 +170,43 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
 
         $task->update($request->only($allowedFields));
 
+        auditLog('api.scheduled_task.updated', [
+            'team_id' => getTeamIdFromToken(),
+            'task_uuid' => $task->uuid,
+            'task_name' => $task->name,
+            'resource_type' => $resource instanceof Application ? 'application' : 'service',
+            'resource_uuid' => $resource->uuid,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($task), 200);
     }
 
-    private function deleteTask(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    private function deleteTask(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): JsonResponse
     {
         $this->authorize('update', $resource);
 
-        $deleted = $resource->scheduled_tasks()->where('uuid', $request->task_uuid)->delete();
-        if (! $deleted) {
+        $task = $resource->scheduled_tasks()->where('uuid', $request->task_uuid)->first();
+        if (! $task) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Scheduled task not found.'], 404);
         }
 
+        $taskUuid = $task->uuid;
+        $taskName = $task->name;
+        $task->delete();
+
+        auditLog('api.scheduled_task.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => getTeamIdFromToken(),
+            'task_uuid' => $taskUuid,
+            'task_name' => $taskName,
+            'resource_type' => $resource instanceof Application ? 'application' : 'service',
+            'resource_uuid' => $resource->uuid,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Scheduled task deleted.']);
     }
 
-    private function getExecutions(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    private function getExecutions(Request $request, Application|Service $resource): JsonResponse
     {
         $this->authorize('view', $resource);
 
@@ -238,7 +268,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function scheduled_tasks_by_application_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function scheduled_tasks_by_application_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -317,7 +347,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function create_scheduled_task_by_application_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function create_scheduled_task_by_application_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -404,7 +434,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function update_scheduled_task_by_application_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function update_scheduled_task_by_application_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -474,7 +504,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function delete_scheduled_task_by_application_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function delete_scheduled_task_by_application_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -542,7 +572,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function executions_by_application_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function executions_by_application_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -601,7 +631,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function scheduled_tasks_by_service_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function scheduled_tasks_by_service_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -680,7 +710,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function create_scheduled_task_by_service_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function create_scheduled_task_by_service_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -767,7 +797,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function update_scheduled_task_by_service_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function update_scheduled_task_by_service_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -837,7 +867,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function delete_scheduled_task_by_service_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function delete_scheduled_task_by_service_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -905,7 +935,7 @@ class ScheduledTasksController extends Controller
             ),
         ]
     )]
-    public function executions_by_service_uuid(Request $request): \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
+    public function executions_by_service_uuid(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {

app/Http/Controllers/Api/SecurityController.php

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
                 'message' => 'Private Key not found.',
             ], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $key);
 
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($key));
     }
@@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [PrivateKey::class]);
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
@@ -232,6 +234,13 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
             'private_key' => $request->private_key,
         ]);
 
+        auditLog('api.private_key.created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'private_key_uuid' => $key->uuid,
+            'private_key_name' => $key->name,
+            'fingerprint' => $fingerPrint,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(serializeApiResponse([
             'uuid' => $key->uuid,
         ]))->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -331,8 +340,16 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
                 'message' => 'Private Key not found.',
             ], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $foundKey);
         $foundKey->update($request->only($allowedFields));
 
+        auditLog('api.private_key.updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'private_key_uuid' => $foundKey->uuid,
+            'private_key_name' => $foundKey->name,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(serializeApiResponse([
             'uuid' => $foundKey->uuid,
         ]))->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -407,6 +424,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
         if (is_null($key)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Private Key not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $key);
 
         if ($key->isInUse()) {
             return response()->json([
@@ -415,8 +433,16 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
             ], 422);
         }
 
+        $keyUuid = $key->uuid;
+        $keyName = $key->name;
         $key->forceDelete();
 
+        auditLog('api.private_key.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'private_key_uuid' => $keyUuid,
+            'private_key_name' => $keyName,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'message' => 'Private Key deleted.',
         ]);

app/Http/Controllers/Api/SentinelController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Jobs\PushServerUpdateJob;
+use App\Models\Server;
+use Exception;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Cache\LockTimeoutException;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
+
+class SentinelController extends Controller
+{
+    /**
+     * Handle a Sentinel agent metrics push.
+     *
+     * Sentinel pushes its full container list on a fixed interval (default 60s),
+     * even when nothing changed. To avoid dispatching one PushServerUpdateJob per
+     * server per minute, the job is only dispatched when the container state hash
+     * changes, or when the force window has elapsed.
+     */
+    public function push(Request $request)
+    {
+        $token = $request->header('Authorization');
+        if (! $token) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'token_missing');
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized'], 401);
+        }
+        $naked_token = str_replace('Bearer ', '', $token);
+        try {
+            $decrypted = decrypt($naked_token);
+            $decrypted_token = json_decode($decrypted, true);
+        } catch (Exception $e) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'decrypt_failed');
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid token'], 401);
+        }
+        $server_uuid = data_get($decrypted_token, 'server_uuid');
+        if (! $server_uuid) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'invalid_token_payload');
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid token'], 401);
+        }
+        $server = Server::where('uuid', $server_uuid)->first();
+        if (! $server) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'server_not_found', [
+                'server_uuid' => $server_uuid,
+            ]);
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found'], 404);
+        }
+
+        if (isCloud() && data_get($server->team->subscription, 'stripe_invoice_paid', false) === false && $server->team->id !== 0) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'subscription_unpaid', [
+                'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+                'team_id' => $server->team_id,
+            ]);
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized'], 401);
+        }
+
+        if ($server->isFunctional() === false) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'server_not_functional', [
+                'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+                'team_id' => $server->team_id,
+            ]);
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Server is not functional'], 401);
+        }
+
+        if ($server->settings->sentinel_token !== $naked_token) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('sentinel', 'token_mismatch', [
+                'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+                'team_id' => $server->team_id,
+            ]);
+
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Unauthorized'], 401);
+        }
+        $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [
+            'containers' => ['present', 'array'],
+        ]);
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            return response()->json(serializeApiResponse([
+                'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                'errors' => $validator->errors(),
+            ]), 422);
+        }
+
+        $data = $request->all();
+
+        // Heartbeat MUST update on every push — drives isSentinelLive() and SSH-check skipping.
+        $server->sentinelHeartbeat();
+
+        if ($this->shouldDispatchUpdate($server, $data)) {
+            PushServerUpdateJob::dispatch($server, $data);
+
+            auditLog('sentinel.metrics_pushed', [
+                'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+                'team_id' => $server->team_id,
+            ]);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json(['message' => 'ok'], 200);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decide whether PushServerUpdateJob should be dispatched for this push.
+     *
+     * Dispatches when: first push (no cached hash), the container state changed,
+     * or the force window elapsed.
+     */
+    private function shouldDispatchUpdate(Server $server, array $data): bool
+    {
+        $hash = $this->containerStateHash($data);
+        $hashKey = "sentinel:push-hash:{$server->id}";
+        $forceKey = "sentinel:push-force:{$server->id}";
+        $lockKey = "sentinel:push-lock:{$server->id}";
+
+        try {
+            return Cache::lock($lockKey, 10)->block(5, function () use ($hashKey, $forceKey, $hash): bool {
+                $cachedHash = Cache::get($hashKey);
+                $forceActive = Cache::has($forceKey);
+
+                $shouldDispatch = $cachedHash === null || $cachedHash !== $hash || ! $forceActive;
+
+                if ($shouldDispatch) {
+                    // Day-long TTL bounds memory if a server stops pushing entirely.
+                    Cache::put($hashKey, $hash, now()->addDay());
+                    Cache::put($forceKey, true, config('constants.sentinel.push_force_interval_seconds', 300));
+                }
+
+                return $shouldDispatch;
+            });
+        } catch (LockTimeoutException) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Build a stable hash of container state.
+     *
+     * Covers [name, state] only — metrics, filesystem_usage_root, and
+     * health_status are excluded on purpose. Disk % churns constantly, and
+     * health checks can flap between starting/healthy/unhealthy while the
+     * container lifecycle state remains unchanged. Both would otherwise defeat
+     * the hash and dispatch DB-heavy PushServerUpdateJob instances too often.
+     * The force window still refreshes full state periodically. Sorted by name
+     * so container ordering from Sentinel does not affect the hash.
+     */
+    private function containerStateHash(array $data): string
+    {
+        $containers = collect(data_get($data, 'containers', []))
+            ->map(fn ($c) => [
+                'name' => data_get($c, 'name'),
+                'state' => data_get($c, 'state'),
+            ])
+            ->sortBy('name')
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+
+        return hash('xxh128', json_encode($containers));
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ServersController.php

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ use App\Models\PrivateKey;
 use App\Models\Project;
 use App\Models\Server as ModelsServer;
 use App\Rules\ValidServerIp;
+use App\Support\ValidationPatterns;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use OpenApi\Attributes as OA;
 use Stringable;
@@ -146,6 +148,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (is_null($server)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $server);
         if ($with_resources) {
             $server['resources'] = $server->definedResources()->map(function ($resource) {
                 $payload = [
@@ -475,9 +478,10 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [ModelsServer::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
@@ -486,10 +490,12 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
             'ip' => ['string', 'required', new ValidServerIp],
             'port' => 'integer|nullable|between:1,65535',
             'private_key_uuid' => 'string|required',
-            'user' => ['string', 'nullable', 'regex:/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/'],
+            'user' => ValidationPatterns::serverUsernameRules(required: false),
             'is_build_server' => 'boolean|nullable',
             'instant_validate' => 'boolean|nullable',
             'proxy_type' => 'string|nullable',
+        ], [
+            ...ValidationPatterns::serverUsernameMessages(),
         ]);
 
         $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
@@ -564,6 +570,14 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
             ValidateServer::dispatch($server);
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.server.created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+            'server_name' => $server->name,
+            'ip' => $server->ip,
+            'is_build_server' => (bool) $request->is_build_server,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $server->uuid,
         ])->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -598,6 +612,12 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
                         'is_build_server' => ['type' => 'boolean', 'description' => 'Is build server.'],
                         'instant_validate' => ['type' => 'boolean', 'description' => 'Instant validate.'],
                         'proxy_type' => ['type' => 'string', 'enum' => ['traefik', 'caddy', 'none'], 'description' => 'The proxy type.'],
+                        'concurrent_builds' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Number of concurrent builds.'],
+                        'dynamic_timeout' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Deployment timeout in seconds.'],
+                        'deployment_queue_limit' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Maximum number of queued deployments.'],
+                        'server_disk_usage_notification_threshold' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'Server disk usage notification threshold (%).'],
+                        'server_disk_usage_check_frequency' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'Cron expression for disk usage check frequency.'],
+                        'connection_timeout' => ['type' => 'integer', 'description' => 'SSH connection timeout in seconds (1-300). Default: 10.'],
                     ],
                 ),
             ),
@@ -634,7 +654,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
     )]
     public function update_server(Request $request)
     {
-        $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'ip', 'port', 'user', 'private_key_uuid', 'is_build_server', 'instant_validate', 'proxy_type'];
+        $allowedFields = ['name', 'description', 'ip', 'port', 'user', 'private_key_uuid', 'is_build_server', 'instant_validate', 'proxy_type', 'concurrent_builds', 'dynamic_timeout', 'deployment_queue_limit', 'server_disk_usage_notification_threshold', 'server_disk_usage_check_frequency', 'connection_timeout'];
 
         $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
@@ -642,7 +662,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         }
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
-        if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
+        if ($return instanceof JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
         }
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
@@ -651,10 +671,18 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
             'ip' => ['string', 'nullable', new ValidServerIp],
             'port' => 'integer|nullable|between:1,65535',
             'private_key_uuid' => 'string|nullable',
-            'user' => ['string', 'nullable', 'regex:/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/'],
+            'user' => ValidationPatterns::serverUsernameRules(required: false),
             'is_build_server' => 'boolean|nullable',
             'instant_validate' => 'boolean|nullable',
             'proxy_type' => 'string|nullable',
+            'concurrent_builds' => 'integer|min:1',
+            'dynamic_timeout' => 'integer|min:1',
+            'deployment_queue_limit' => 'integer|min:1',
+            'server_disk_usage_notification_threshold' => 'integer|min:1|max:100',
+            'server_disk_usage_check_frequency' => 'string',
+            'connection_timeout' => 'integer|min:1|max:300',
+        ], [
+            ...ValidationPatterns::serverUsernameMessages(),
         ]);
 
         $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allowedFields);
@@ -675,26 +703,58 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (! $server) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $server);
         if ($request->proxy_type) {
             $validProxyTypes = collect(ProxyTypes::cases())->map(function ($proxyType) {
                 return str($proxyType->value)->lower();
             });
-            if ($validProxyTypes->contains(str($request->proxy_type)->lower())) {
-                $server->changeProxy($request->proxy_type, async: true);
-            } else {
+            if (! $validProxyTypes->contains(str($request->proxy_type)->lower())) {
                 return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid proxy type.'], 422);
             }
         }
-        $server->update($request->only(['name', 'description', 'ip', 'port', 'user']));
-        if ($request->is_build_server) {
+        $updateFields = $request->only(['name', 'description', 'ip', 'port', 'user']);
+        if ($request->filled('private_key_uuid')) {
+            $privateKey = PrivateKey::whereTeamId($teamId)->whereUuid($request->private_key_uuid)->first();
+            if (! $privateKey) {
+                return response()->json(['message' => 'Private key not found.'], 404);
+            }
+            $updateFields['private_key_id'] = $privateKey->id;
+        }
+
+        if ($request->has('server_disk_usage_check_frequency') && ! validate_cron_expression($request->server_disk_usage_check_frequency)) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                'errors' => ['server_disk_usage_check_frequency' => ['Invalid Cron / Human expression for Disk Usage Check Frequency.']],
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
+        $server->update($updateFields);
+        if ($request->has('is_build_server')) {
             $server->settings()->update([
-                'is_build_server' => $request->is_build_server,
+                'is_build_server' => $request->boolean('is_build_server'),
             ]);
         }
+
+        $advancedSettings = $request->only(['concurrent_builds', 'dynamic_timeout', 'deployment_queue_limit', 'server_disk_usage_notification_threshold', 'server_disk_usage_check_frequency', 'connection_timeout']);
+        if (! empty($advancedSettings)) {
+            $server->settings()->update(array_filter($advancedSettings, fn ($value) => ! is_null($value)));
+        }
+
+        if ($request->proxy_type) {
+            $server->changeProxy($request->proxy_type, async: true);
+        }
+
         if ($request->instant_validate) {
             ValidateServer::dispatch($server);
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.server.updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+            'server_name' => $server->name,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $server->uuid,
         ])->setStatusCode(201);
@@ -768,6 +828,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (! $server) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $server);
 
         $force = filter_var($request->query('force', false), FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN);
 
@@ -784,6 +845,9 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
             }
         }
 
+        $deletedUuid = $server->uuid;
+        $deletedName = $server->name;
+        $deletedIp = $server->ip;
         $server->delete();
         DeleteServer::dispatch(
             $server->id,
@@ -793,6 +857,14 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
             $server->team_id
         );
 
+        auditLog('api.server.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'server_uuid' => $deletedUuid,
+            'server_name' => $deletedName,
+            'ip' => $deletedIp,
+            'force' => $force,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Server deleted.']);
     }
 
@@ -856,8 +928,15 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (! $server) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $server);
         ValidateServer::dispatch($server);
 
+        auditLog('api.server.validated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'server_uuid' => $server->uuid,
+            'server_name' => $server->name,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Validation started.'], 201);
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Api/ServicesController.php

@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             ]);
         }
 
+        if ($service->is_shown_once ?? false) {
+            $service->makeHidden(['value', 'real_value']);
+        }
+
         return serializeApiResponse($service);
     }
 
@@ -68,19 +72,10 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             return str($urlValue)->replaceStart(',', '')->replaceEnd(',', '')->trim()->explode(',')->map(fn ($url) => trim($url))->filter();
         });
 
-        $urls = $urls->map(function ($url) use (&$errors) {
-            if (! filter_var($url, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL)) {
-                $errors[] = "Invalid URL: {$url}";
-
-                return $url;
-            }
-            $scheme = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_SCHEME) ?? '';
-            if (! in_array(strtolower($scheme), ['http', 'https'])) {
-                $errors[] = "Invalid URL scheme: {$scheme} for URL: {$url}. Only http and https are supported.";
-            }
-
-            return $url;
-        });
+        $errors = ValidationPatterns::validateApplicationDomains($urls->implode(','));
+        $urls = collect(ValidationPatterns::applicationDomainList(
+            ValidationPatterns::normalizeApplicationDomains($urls->implode(','))
+        ));
 
         $duplicates = $urls->duplicates()->unique()->values();
         if ($duplicates->isNotEmpty() && ! $forceDomainOverride) {
@@ -109,10 +104,10 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             }
 
             if (filled($containerUrls)) {
-                $containerUrls = str($containerUrls)->replaceStart(',', '')->replaceEnd(',', '')->trim();
-                $containerUrls = str($containerUrls)->explode(',')->map(fn ($url) => str(trim($url))->lower());
+                $containerUrls = ValidationPatterns::normalizeApplicationDomains($containerUrls);
+                $containerUrlCollection = collect(ValidationPatterns::applicationDomainList($containerUrls));
 
-                $result = checkIfDomainIsAlreadyUsedViaAPI($containerUrls, $teamId, $application->uuid);
+                $result = checkIfDomainIsAlreadyUsedViaAPI($containerUrlCollection, $teamId, $application->uuid);
                 if (isset($result['error'])) {
                     $errors[] = $result['error'];
 
@@ -124,8 +119,6 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
 
                     return;
                 }
-
-                $containerUrls = $containerUrls->filter(fn ($u) => filled($u))->unique()->implode(',');
             } else {
                 $containerUrls = null;
             }
@@ -233,7 +226,7 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
                                 type: 'object',
                                 properties: [
                                     'name' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'The service name as defined in docker-compose.'],
-                                    'url' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'Comma-separated list of URLs (e.g. "http://app.coolify.io,https://app2.coolify.io").'],
+                                    'url' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'Comma-separated list of URLs (e.g. "https://app.coolify.io,https://app2.coolify.io").'],
                                 ],
                             ),
                         ],
@@ -505,6 +498,14 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
                     StartService::dispatch($service);
                 }
 
+                auditLog('api.service.created', [
+                    'team_id' => $teamId,
+                    'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+                    'service_name' => $service->name,
+                    'service_type' => $oneClickServiceName ?? null,
+                    'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+                ]);
+
                 return response()->json([
                     'uuid' => $service->uuid,
                     'domains' => $service->applications()->pluck('fqdn')->filter()->sort()->values(),
@@ -673,6 +674,14 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
                 StartService::dispatch($service);
             }
 
+            auditLog('api.service.created', [
+                'team_id' => $teamId,
+                'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+                'service_name' => $service->name,
+                'service_type' => 'docker_compose',
+                'instant_deploy' => (bool) $instantDeploy,
+            ]);
+
             return response()->json([
                 'uuid' => $service->uuid,
                 'domains' => $service->applications()->pluck('fqdn')->filter()->sort()->values(),
@@ -745,6 +754,125 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($service));
     }
 
+    #[OA\Get(
+        summary: 'Get service logs.',
+        description: 'Get logs for a specific service sub-resource by service UUID. The `sub_service_name` query parameter must match the `name` field of one of the service applications or databases returned by `GET /services/{uuid}`.',
+        path: '/services/{uuid}/logs',
+        operationId: 'get-service-logs-by-uuid',
+        security: [
+            ['bearerAuth' => []],
+        ],
+        tags: ['Services'],
+        parameters: [
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'uuid',
+                in: 'path',
+                description: 'UUID of the service.',
+                required: true,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(
+                    type: 'string',
+                    format: 'uuid',
+                )
+            ),
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'sub_service_name',
+                in: 'query',
+                description: 'Sub-service name from `GET /services/{uuid}` under `applications[].name` or `databases[].name`. Do not use `human_name` or the Docker container name with the service UUID suffix.',
+                required: true,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'string', example: 'appwrite-console'),
+            ),
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'lines',
+                in: 'query',
+                description: 'Number of lines to show from the end of the logs.',
+                required: false,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(
+                    type: 'integer',
+                    format: 'int32',
+                    default: 100,
+                )
+            ),
+            new OA\Parameter(
+                name: 'show_timestamps',
+                in: 'query',
+                description: 'Show timestamps in the logs.',
+                required: false,
+                schema: new OA\Schema(type: 'boolean', default: false),
+            ),
+        ],
+        responses: [
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 200,
+                description: 'Get service logs by UUID.',
+                content: [
+                    new OA\MediaType(
+                        mediaType: 'application/json',
+                        schema: new OA\Schema(
+                            type: 'object',
+                            properties: [
+                                'logs' => ['type' => 'string'],
+                            ]
+                        )
+                    ),
+                ]
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 401,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/401',
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 400,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/400',
+            ),
+            new OA\Response(
+                response: 404,
+                ref: '#/components/responses/404',
+            ),
+        ]
+    )]
+    public function logs_by_uuid(Request $request)
+    {
+        $teamId = getTeamIdFromToken();
+        if (is_null($teamId)) {
+            return invalidTokenResponse();
+        }
+        $uuid = $request->route('uuid');
+        if (! $uuid) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'UUID is required.'], 400);
+        }
+        $subServiceName = $request->query->get('sub_service_name');
+        if (! $subServiceName) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Sub service name is required.'], 400);
+        }
+        $service = Service::whereRelation('environment.project.team', 'id', $teamId)->whereUuid($request->uuid)->first();
+        if (! $service) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Service not found.'], 404);
+        }
+
+        $name = "{$subServiceName}-{$service->uuid}";
+        $containers = getCurrentServiceSubContainerStatus($service->destination->server, $service->id, $name);
+        $container = $containers->first();
+
+        if (! $container) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Container not found.'], 404);
+        }
+
+        $status = getContainerStatus($service->destination->server, $container['Names']);
+        if ($status !== 'running') {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Container is not running.',
+            ], 400);
+        }
+
+        $lines = normalizeLogLines($request->query('lines'));
+        $showTimestamps = parseLogTimestampFlag($request->query('show_timestamps'));
+        $logs = getContainerLogs($service->destination->server, $container['ID'], $lines, $showTimestamps);
+
+        return response()->json([
+            'logs' => $logs,
+        ]);
+    }
+
     #[OA\Delete(
         summary: 'Delete',
         description: 'Delete service by UUID.',
@@ -815,6 +943,12 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             dockerCleanup: $request->boolean('docker_cleanup', true)
         );
 
+        auditLog('api.service.deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'service_name' => $service->name,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'message' => 'Service deletion request queued.',
         ]);
@@ -866,7 +1000,7 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
                                     type: 'object',
                                     properties: [
                                         'name' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'The service name as defined in docker-compose.'],
-                                        'url' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'Comma-separated list of URLs (e.g. "http://app.coolify.io,https://app2.coolify.io").'],
+                                        'url' => ['type' => 'string', 'description' => 'Comma-separated list of URLs (e.g. "https://app.coolify.io,https://app2.coolify.io").'],
                                     ],
                                 ),
                             ],
@@ -1069,6 +1203,13 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             StartService::dispatch($service);
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.service.updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'service_name' => $service->name,
+            'changed_fields' => array_values(array_intersect($allowedFields, array_keys($request->all()))),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json([
             'uuid' => $service->uuid,
             'domains' => $service->applications()->pluck('fqdn')->filter()->sort()->values(),
@@ -1241,8 +1382,12 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
 
         $this->authorize('manageEnvironment', $service);
 
+        if ($request->has('key')) {
+            $request->merge(['key' => ValidationPatterns::normalizeEnvironmentVariableKey((string) $request->key)]);
+        }
+
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-            'key' => 'string|required',
+            'key' => ValidationPatterns::environmentVariableKeyRules(),
             'value' => 'string|nullable',
             'is_literal' => 'boolean',
             'is_multiline' => 'boolean',
@@ -1278,6 +1423,13 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
         }
         $env->save();
 
+        auditLog('api.service.env_updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'env_uuid' => $env->uuid,
+            'env_key' => $env->key,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($env))->setStatusCode(201);
     }
 
@@ -1383,8 +1535,12 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
 
         $updatedEnvs = collect();
         foreach ($bulk_data as $item) {
+            if (array_key_exists('key', $item)) {
+                $item['key'] = ValidationPatterns::normalizeEnvironmentVariableKey((string) $item['key']);
+            }
+
             $validator = customApiValidator($item, [
-                'key' => 'string|required',
+                'key' => ValidationPatterns::environmentVariableKeyRules(),
                 'value' => 'string|nullable',
                 'is_literal' => 'boolean',
                 'is_multiline' => 'boolean',
@@ -1407,6 +1563,12 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             $updatedEnvs->push($this->removeSensitiveData($env));
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.service.env_bulk_upserted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'env_count' => $updatedEnvs->count(),
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($updatedEnvs)->setStatusCode(201);
     }
 
@@ -1496,8 +1658,12 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
 
         $this->authorize('manageEnvironment', $service);
 
+        if ($request->has('key')) {
+            $request->merge(['key' => ValidationPatterns::normalizeEnvironmentVariableKey((string) $request->key)]);
+        }
+
         $validator = customApiValidator($request->all(), [
-            'key' => 'string|required',
+            'key' => ValidationPatterns::environmentVariableKeyRules(),
             'value' => 'string|nullable',
             'is_literal' => 'boolean',
             'is_multiline' => 'boolean',
@@ -1529,6 +1695,13 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             'comment' => $request->comment ?? null,
         ]);
 
+        auditLog('api.service.env_created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'env_uuid' => $env->uuid,
+            'env_key' => $env->key,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($env))->setStatusCode(201);
     }
 
@@ -1614,8 +1787,17 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment variable not found.'], 404);
         }
 
+        $envKey = $env->key;
+        $envUuid = $env->uuid;
         $env->forceDelete();
 
+        auditLog('api.service.env_deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'env_uuid' => $envUuid,
+            'env_key' => $envKey,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment variable deleted.']);
     }
 
@@ -1691,6 +1873,12 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
         }
         StartService::dispatch($service);
 
+        auditLog('api.service.deployed', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'service_name' => $service->name,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(
             [
                 'message' => 'Service starting request queued.',
@@ -1782,6 +1970,13 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
         $dockerCleanup = $request->boolean('docker_cleanup', true);
         StopService::dispatch($service, false, $dockerCleanup);
 
+        auditLog('api.service.stopped', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'service_name' => $service->name,
+            'docker_cleanup' => $dockerCleanup,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(
             [
                 'message' => 'Service stopping request queued.',
@@ -1869,6 +2064,13 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
         $pullLatest = $request->boolean('latest');
         RestartService::dispatch($service, $pullLatest);
 
+        auditLog('api.service.restarted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'service_name' => $service->name,
+            'pull_latest' => $pullLatest,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(
             [
                 'message' => 'Service restarting request queued.',
@@ -2041,13 +2243,14 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             'resource_uuid' => 'required|string',
             'name' => ['string', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::VOLUME_NAME_PATTERN],
             'mount_path' => 'required|string',
-            'host_path' => 'string|nullable',
+            'host_path' => ['string', 'nullable', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::DIRECTORY_PATH_PATTERN],
             'content' => 'string|nullable',
             'is_directory' => 'boolean',
+            'is_host_file' => 'boolean',
             'fs_path' => 'string',
         ]);
 
-        $allAllowedFields = ['type', 'resource_uuid', 'name', 'mount_path', 'host_path', 'content', 'is_directory', 'fs_path'];
+        $allAllowedFields = ['type', 'resource_uuid', 'name', 'mount_path', 'host_path', 'content', 'is_directory', 'is_host_file', 'fs_path'];
         $extraFields = array_diff(array_keys($request->all()), $allAllowedFields);
         if ($validator->fails() || ! empty($extraFields)) {
             $errors = $validator->errors();
@@ -2079,7 +2282,7 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
                 ], 422);
             }
 
-            $typeSpecificInvalidFields = array_intersect(['content', 'is_directory', 'fs_path'], array_keys($request->all()));
+            $typeSpecificInvalidFields = array_intersect(['content', 'is_directory', 'is_host_file', 'fs_path'], array_keys($request->all()));
             if (! empty($typeSpecificInvalidFields)) {
                 return response()->json([
                     'message' => 'Validation failed.',
@@ -2110,6 +2313,14 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
         }
 
         $isDirectory = $request->boolean('is_directory', false);
+        $isHostFile = $request->boolean('is_host_file', false);
+
+        if ($isDirectory && $isHostFile) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                'errors' => ['is_host_file' => 'Host file mounts cannot also be directory mounts.'],
+            ], 422);
+        }
 
         if ($isDirectory) {
             if (! $request->fs_path) {
@@ -2132,12 +2343,50 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
                 'resource_id' => $subResource->id,
                 'resource_type' => get_class($subResource),
             ]);
+        } elseif ($isHostFile) {
+            if (! $request->fs_path) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['fs_path' => 'The fs_path field is required for host file mounts.'],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+
+            if ($request->filled('content')) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['content' => 'Content is not valid for host file mounts.'],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+
+            try {
+                $fsPath = validateHostFileMountPath($request->fs_path, 'host file source path');
+                $mountPath = validateFileMountPath($request->mount_path, 'host file destination path');
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['mount_path' => $e->getMessage()],
+                ], 422);
+            }
+
+            $storage = LocalFileVolume::create([
+                'fs_path' => $fsPath,
+                'mount_path' => $mountPath,
+                'content' => null,
+                'is_directory' => false,
+                'is_host_file' => true,
+                'resource_id' => $subResource->id,
+                'resource_type' => get_class($subResource),
+            ]);
         } else {
-            $mountPath = str($request->mount_path)->trim()->start('/')->value();
-
-            validateShellSafePath($mountPath, 'file storage path');
-
-            $fsPath = service_configuration_dir().'/'.$service->uuid.$mountPath;
+            try {
+                $mountPath = validateFileMountPath($request->mount_path, 'file storage path');
+                $fsPath = confineFileMountPath(service_configuration_dir().'/'.$service->uuid, $mountPath, 'file storage path');
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                return response()->json([
+                    'message' => 'Validation failed.',
+                    'errors' => ['mount_path' => $e->getMessage()],
+                ], 422);
+            }
 
             $storage = LocalFileVolume::create([
                 'fs_path' => $fsPath,
@@ -2149,6 +2398,15 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             ]);
         }
 
+        auditLog('api.service.storage_created', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'storage_uuid' => $storage->uuid ?? null,
+            'storage_id' => $storage->id,
+            'storage_type' => $request->type,
+            'mount_path' => $storage->mount_path,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($storage, 201);
     }
 
@@ -2250,7 +2508,7 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             'is_preview_suffix_enabled' => 'boolean',
             'name' => ['string', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::VOLUME_NAME_PATTERN],
             'mount_path' => 'string',
-            'host_path' => 'string|nullable',
+            'host_path' => ['string', 'nullable', 'regex:'.ValidationPatterns::DIRECTORY_PATH_PATTERN],
             'content' => 'string|nullable',
         ]);
 
@@ -2377,6 +2635,15 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
 
         $storage->save();
 
+        auditLog('api.service.storage_updated', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'storage_uuid' => $storage->uuid ?? null,
+            'storage_id' => $storage->id,
+            'storage_type' => $request->type,
+            'mount_path' => $storage->mount_path ?? null,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json($storage);
     }
 
@@ -2477,8 +2744,18 @@ class ServicesController extends Controller
             $storage->deleteStorageOnServer();
         }
 
+        $storageType = $storage instanceof LocalFileVolume ? 'file' : 'persistent';
+        $storageMountPath = $storage->mount_path ?? null;
         $storage->delete();
 
+        auditLog('api.service.storage_deleted', [
+            'team_id' => $teamId,
+            'service_uuid' => $service->uuid,
+            'storage_uuid' => $storageUuid,
+            'storage_type' => $storageType,
+            'mount_path' => $storageMountPath,
+        ]);
+
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Storage deleted.']);
     }
 

app/Http/Controllers/Api/TeamController.php

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ class TeamController extends Controller
         if (is_null($team)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Team not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $team);
         $team = $this->removeSensitiveData($team);
 
         return response()->json(
@@ -168,6 +169,7 @@ class TeamController extends Controller
         if (is_null($team)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Team not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $team);
         $members = $team->members;
         $members->makeHidden([
             'pivot',

app/Http/Controllers/Controller.php

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ use App\Events\TestEvent;
 use App\Models\TeamInvitation;
 use App\Models\User;
 use App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Events\Verified;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Encryption\DecryptException;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\Access\AuthorizesRequests;
-use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\EmailVerificationRequest;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Validation\ValidatesRequests;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Routing\Controller as BaseController;
@@ -39,9 +40,29 @@ class Controller extends BaseController
         return view('auth.verify-email');
     }
 
-    public function email_verify(EmailVerificationRequest $request)
+    public function email_verify(Request $request)
     {
-        $request->fulfill();
+        if (! $request->hasValidSignature()) {
+            abort(403);
+        }
+
+        $user = auth()->user();
+        if (! $user) {
+            abort(403);
+        }
+
+        if (! hash_equals((string) $request->route('id'), (string) $user->getKey())) {
+            abort(403);
+        }
+
+        if (! hash_equals((string) $request->route('hash'), hash('sha256', $user->getEmailForVerification()))) {
+            abort(403);
+        }
+
+        if (! $user->hasVerifiedEmail()) {
+            $user->markEmailAsVerified();
+            event(new Verified($user));
+        }
 
         return redirect(RouteServiceProvider::HOME);
     }
@@ -77,27 +98,50 @@ class Controller extends BaseController
     public function link()
     {
         $token = request()->get('token');
-        if ($token) {
-            $decrypted = Crypt::decryptString($token);
-            $email = str($decrypted)->before('@@@');
-            $password = str($decrypted)->after('@@@');
+        if (is_string($token) && $token !== '') {
+            try {
+                $decrypted = Crypt::decryptString($token);
+            } catch (DecryptException) {
+                return redirect()->route('login')->with('error', 'Invalid credentials.');
+            }
+
+            if (! str_contains($decrypted, '@@@')) {
+                return redirect()->route('login')->with('error', 'Invalid credentials.');
+            }
+
+            $payload = explode('@@@', $decrypted, 3);
+            if (count($payload) === 3) {
+                [$email, $invitationUuid, $password] = $payload;
+            } else {
+                [$email, $password] = $payload;
+                $invitationUuid = null;
+            }
+
+            $email = Str::lower($email);
             $user = User::whereEmail($email)->first();
             if (! $user) {
                 return redirect()->route('login');
             }
+
+            $invitation = TeamInvitation::query()
+                ->where('email', $email)
+                ->when($invitationUuid, fn ($query) => $query->where('uuid', $invitationUuid))
+                ->first();
+            if (! $invitation || ! $this->invitationLinkMatchesToken($invitation, $token) || ! $invitation->isValid()) {
+                return redirect()->route('login')->with('error', 'Invitation has expired or been revoked.');
+            }
+
             if (Hash::check($password, $user->password)) {
-                $invitation = TeamInvitation::whereEmail($email);
-                if ($invitation->exists()) {
-                    $team = $invitation->first()->team;
-                    $user->teams()->attach($team->id, ['role' => $invitation->first()->role]);
-                    $invitation->delete();
-                } else {
-                    $team = $user->teams()->first();
-                }
-                if (is_null(data_get($user, 'email_verified_at'))) {
-                    $user->email_verified_at = now();
-                    $user->save();
+                $team = $invitation->team;
+                if (! $user->teams()->where('team_id', $team->id)->exists()) {
+                    $user->teams()->attach($team->id, ['role' => $invitation->role]);
                 }
+                $invitation->delete();
+
+                $user->forceFill([
+                    'password' => Hash::make(Str::random(64)),
+                ])->save();
+
                 Auth::login($user);
                 session(['currentTeam' => $team]);
 
@@ -108,6 +152,19 @@ class Controller extends BaseController
         return redirect()->route('login')->with('error', 'Invalid credentials.');
     }
 
+    private function invitationLinkMatchesToken(TeamInvitation $invitation, string $token): bool
+    {
+        $query = parse_url($invitation->link, PHP_URL_QUERY);
+        if (! is_string($query)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        parse_str($query, $parameters);
+        $storedToken = $parameters['token'] ?? null;
+
+        return is_string($storedToken) && hash_equals($storedToken, $token);
+    }
+
     public function showInvitation()
     {
         $invitationUuid = request()->route('uuid');

app/Http/Controllers/OauthController.php

@@ -19,7 +19,12 @@ class OauthController extends Controller
     {
         try {
             $oauthUser = get_socialite_provider($provider)->user();
-            $user = User::whereEmail($oauthUser->email)->first();
+            $email = trim((string) $oauthUser->email);
+            if ($email === '') {
+                abort(403, 'OAuth provider did not return an email address');
+            }
+            $email = strtolower($email);
+            $user = User::whereEmail($email)->first();
             if (! $user) {
                 $settings = instanceSettings();
                 if (! $settings->is_registration_enabled) {
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ class OauthController extends Controller
 
                 $user = User::create([
                     'name' => $oauthUser->name,
-                    'email' => $oauthUser->email,
+                    'email' => $email,
                 ]);
             }
             Auth::login($user);

app/Http/Controllers/UploadController.php

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 
+use App\Support\DatabaseBackupFileValidator;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\Access\AuthorizesRequests;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\UploadedFile;
 use Illuminate\Routing\Controller as BaseController;
@@ -11,6 +13,12 @@ use Pion\Laravel\ChunkUpload\Receiver\FileReceiver;
 
 class UploadController extends BaseController
 {
+    use AuthorizesRequests;
+
+    private const MAX_BYTES = 10 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024; // 10 GiB
+
+    private const ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = DatabaseBackupFileValidator::ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS;
+
     public function upload(Request $request)
     {
         $databaseIdentifier = request()->route('databaseUuid');
@@ -18,6 +26,24 @@ class UploadController extends BaseController
         if (is_null($resource)) {
             return response()->json(['error' => 'You do not have permission for this database'], 500);
         }
+
+        $this->authorize('uploadBackup', $resource);
+
+        $chunk = $request->file('file');
+        $originalName = $chunk instanceof UploadedFile ? $chunk->getClientOriginalName() : null;
+        if (blank($originalName) || ! self::hasAllowedExtension($originalName)) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'error' => 'Unsupported file type. Allowed extensions: '.implode(', ', self::ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS),
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
+        $declaredTotalSize = (int) $request->input('dzTotalFilesize', 0);
+        if ($declaredTotalSize > self::MAX_BYTES) {
+            return response()->json([
+                'error' => 'File exceeds maximum allowed size of '.self::formatMaxSize().'.',
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
         $receiver = new FileReceiver('file', $request, HandlerFactory::classFromRequest($request));
 
         if ($receiver->isUploaded() === false) {
@@ -40,29 +66,17 @@ class UploadController extends BaseController
             'status' => true,
         ]);
     }
-    // protected function saveFileToS3($file)
-    // {
-    //     $fileName = $this->createFilename($file);
 
-    //     $disk = Storage::disk('s3');
-    //     // It's better to use streaming Streaming (laravel 5.4+)
-    //     $disk->putFileAs('photos', $file, $fileName);
-
-    //     // for older laravel
-    //     // $disk->put($fileName, file_get_contents($file), 'public');
-    //     $mime = str_replace('/', '-', $file->getMimeType());
-
-    //     // We need to delete the file when uploaded to s3
-    //     unlink($file->getPathname());
-
-    //     return response()->json([
-    //         'path' => $disk->url($fileName),
-    //         'name' => $fileName,
-    //         'mime_type' => $mime
-    //     ]);
-    // }
     protected function saveFile(UploadedFile $file, string $resourceIdentifier)
     {
+        if (! DatabaseBackupFileValidator::isUploadAllowed($file, self::MAX_BYTES)) {
+            @unlink($file->getPathname());
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'error' => 'Uploaded file failed validation.',
+            ], 422);
+        }
+
         $mime = str_replace('/', '-', $file->getMimeType());
         $filePath = "upload/{$resourceIdentifier}";
         $finalPath = storage_path('app/'.$filePath);
@@ -73,13 +87,13 @@ class UploadController extends BaseController
         ]);
     }
 
-    protected function createFilename(UploadedFile $file)
+    private static function hasAllowedExtension(string $name): bool
     {
-        $extension = $file->getClientOriginalExtension();
-        $filename = str_replace('.'.$extension, '', $file->getClientOriginalName()); // Filename without extension
+        return DatabaseBackupFileValidator::hasAllowedExtension($name);
+    }
 
-        $filename .= '_'.md5(time()).'.'.$extension;
-
-        return $filename;
+    private static function formatMaxSize(): string
+    {
+        return (self::MAX_BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)).' GiB';
     }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Bitbucket.php

@@ -4,14 +4,18 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Webhook;
 
 use App\Actions\Application\CleanupPreviewDeployment;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use Exception;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class Bitbucket extends Controller
 {
+    use DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+    use MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
+
     public function manual(Request $request)
     {
         try {
@@ -31,6 +35,16 @@ class Bitbucket extends Controller
                 $branch = data_get($payload, 'push.changes.0.new.name');
                 $full_name = data_get($payload, 'repository.full_name');
                 $commit = data_get($payload, 'push.changes.0.new.target.hash');
+                // Bitbucket webhooks ship up to 5 commits per change. Larger pushes
+                // are evaluated only on the visible 5.
+                $skip_deploy_commits = self::shouldSkipDeploy(
+                    collect(data_get($payload, 'push.changes', []))
+                        ->flatMap(fn ($change) => data_get($change, 'commits', []))
+                        ->pluck('message')
+                        ->filter()
+                        ->values()
+                        ->all()
+                );
 
                 if (! $branch) {
                     return response([
@@ -45,10 +59,18 @@ class Bitbucket extends Controller
                 $full_name = data_get($payload, 'repository.full_name');
                 $pull_request_id = data_get($payload, 'pullrequest.id');
                 $pull_request_html_url = data_get($payload, 'pullrequest.links.html.href');
+                $pull_request_title = data_get($payload, 'pullrequest.title');
+                $skip_deploy_pr = self::shouldSkipDeployAny([$pull_request_title]);
                 $commit = data_get($payload, 'pullrequest.source.commit.hash');
             }
-            $applications = Application::where('git_repository', 'like', "%$full_name%");
-            $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $branch)->get();
+            $full_name = $this->manualWebhookRepositoryFullName($full_name);
+            if ($full_name === null) {
+                return response([
+                    'status' => 'failed',
+                    'message' => 'Nothing to do. Invalid repository.',
+                ]);
+            }
+            $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications(Application::query()->where('git_branch', $branch), $full_name);
             if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                 return response([
                     'status' => 'failed',
@@ -57,16 +79,41 @@ class Bitbucket extends Controller
             }
             foreach ($applications as $application) {
                 $webhook_secret = data_get($application, 'manual_webhook_secret_bitbucket');
+                if (empty($webhook_secret)) {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('bitbucket', 'webhook_secret_missing', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_bitbucket_event,
+                    ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
+
+                    continue;
+                }
                 $payload = $request->getContent();
 
-                [$algo, $hash] = explode('=', $x_bitbucket_token, 2);
-                $payloadHash = hash_hmac($algo, $payload, $webhook_secret);
-                if (! hash_equals($hash, $payloadHash) && ! isDev()) {
-                    $return_payloads->push([
-                        'application' => $application->name,
-                        'status' => 'failed',
-                        'message' => 'Invalid signature.',
+                $parts = explode('=', $x_bitbucket_token, 2);
+                if (count($parts) !== 2 || $parts[0] !== 'sha256') {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('bitbucket', 'malformed_signature', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_bitbucket_event,
                     ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+                $hash = $parts[1];
+                $payloadHash = hash_hmac('sha256', $payload, $webhook_secret);
+                if (! hash_equals($hash, $payloadHash) && ! isDev()) {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('bitbucket', 'invalid_signature', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_bitbucket_event,
+                    ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
 
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -82,7 +129,18 @@ class Bitbucket extends Controller
                 }
                 if ($x_bitbucket_event === 'repo:push') {
                     if ($application->isDeployable()) {
-                        $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                        if ($skip_deploy_commits ?? false) {
+                            $return_payloads->push([
+                                'application' => $application->name,
+                                'status' => 'skipped',
+                                'message' => 'All commits contain [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping deployment.',
+                                'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                'application_name' => $application->name,
+                            ]);
+
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                         $result = queue_application_deployment(
                             application: $application,
                             deployment_uuid: $deployment_uuid,
@@ -99,6 +157,15 @@ class Bitbucket extends Controller
                                 'message' => $result['message'],
                             ]);
                         } else {
+                            auditLog('webhook.deployment.queued', [
+                                'provider' => 'bitbucket',
+                                'mode' => 'manual',
+                                'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid,
+                                'commit' => $commit,
+                                'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                            ]);
                             $return_payloads->push([
                                 'application' => $application->name,
                                 'status' => 'success',
@@ -115,7 +182,16 @@ class Bitbucket extends Controller
                 }
                 if ($x_bitbucket_event === 'pullrequest:created' || $x_bitbucket_event === 'pullrequest:updated') {
                     if ($application->isPRDeployable()) {
-                        $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                        if ($skip_deploy_pr ?? false) {
+                            $return_payloads->push([
+                                'application' => $application->name,
+                                'status' => 'skipped',
+                                'message' => 'PR title contains [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping preview deployment.',
+                            ]);
+
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                         $found = ApplicationPreview::where('application_id', $application->id)->where('pull_request_id', $pull_request_id)->first();
                         if (! $found) {
                             if ($application->build_pack === 'dockercompose') {

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Concerns/DetectsSkipDeployCommits.php

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns;
+
+trait DetectsSkipDeployCommits
+{
+    /**
+     * Returns true if there is at least one non-empty message and every message
+     * contains [skip cd] or [skip ci] (case-insensitive).
+     *
+     * Accepts commit messages from a push payload. Null/empty entries are
+     * filtered before evaluation.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, string|null>  $messages
+     */
+    public static function shouldSkipDeploy(array $messages): bool
+    {
+        $messages = array_values(array_filter($messages, fn ($m) => filled($m)));
+
+        if (empty($messages)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($messages as $message) {
+            $lower = strtolower((string) $message);
+            if (! str_contains($lower, '[skip cd]') && ! str_contains($lower, '[skip ci]')) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if at least one non-empty message contains [skip cd] or
+     * [skip ci]. Used for PR/MR title + latest-commit signals where any one
+     * marker should trigger the skip.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, string|null>  $messages
+     */
+    public static function shouldSkipDeployAny(array $messages): bool
+    {
+        foreach ($messages as $message) {
+            if (! filled($message)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            $lower = strtolower((string) $message);
+            if (str_contains($lower, '[skip cd]') || str_contains($lower, '[skip ci]')) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Concerns/MatchesManualWebhookApplications.php

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns;
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
+use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+
+trait MatchesManualWebhookApplications
+{
+    protected function manualWebhookRepositoryFullName(mixed $fullName): ?string
+    {
+        if (! is_string($fullName)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $fullName = trim($fullName, " \t\n\r\0\x0B/");
+
+        if ($fullName === '') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (! preg_match('/\A[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+(?:\/[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+)+\z/', $fullName)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return $this->normalizeManualWebhookRepositoryPath($fullName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return Collection<int, Application>
+     */
+    protected function manualWebhookApplications(Builder $query, string $fullName): Collection
+    {
+        return $query->get()
+            ->filter(fn (Application $application): bool => $this->manualWebhookRepositoryMatches($application->git_repository, $fullName))
+            ->values();
+    }
+
+    protected function manualWebhookRepositoryMatches(?string $gitRepository, string $fullName): bool
+    {
+        $repositoryPath = $this->canonicalManualWebhookRepository($gitRepository);
+
+        if ($repositoryPath === null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Git hosts (GitHub, GitLab, Gitea, Bitbucket) treat owner/repo names
+        // case-insensitively, so compare the canonical paths case-insensitively.
+        return hash_equals(mb_strtolower($fullName), mb_strtolower($repositoryPath));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array{status: string, message: string}
+     */
+    protected function unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'status' => 'failed',
+            'message' => 'Invalid signature.',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    protected function canonicalManualWebhookRepository(?string $gitRepository): ?string
+    {
+        if (! is_string($gitRepository)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $gitRepository = trim($gitRepository);
+
+        if ($gitRepository === '') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $path = null;
+        $parts = parse_url($gitRepository);
+
+        if (is_array($parts) && isset($parts['scheme'])) {
+            $path = data_get($parts, 'path');
+        } elseif (Str::startsWith($gitRepository, 'git@') && str_contains($gitRepository, ':')) {
+            $path = Str::after($gitRepository, ':');
+            // scp-style SSH URLs embed a custom port as "git@host:2222/owner/repo".
+            // Strip the leading numeric port segment so the path matches the webhook
+            // payload's owner/repo, consistent with convertGitUrl() in shared.php.
+            $path = preg_replace('#^\d+/#', '', $path) ?? $path;
+        } else {
+            $path = $gitRepository;
+        }
+
+        if (! is_string($path) || $path === '') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return $this->normalizeManualWebhookRepositoryPath($path);
+    }
+
+    protected function normalizeManualWebhookRepositoryPath(string $path): string
+    {
+        $path = trim($path);
+        $path = strtok($path, '?#') ?: $path;
+        $path = trim($path, '/');
+        $path = preg_replace('/\.git\z/i', '', $path) ?? $path;
+
+        return $path;
+    }
+}

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Gitea.php

@@ -4,15 +4,19 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Webhook;
 
 use App\Actions\Application\CleanupPreviewDeployment;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use Exception;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class Gitea extends Controller
 {
+    use DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+    use MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
+
     public function manual(Request $request)
     {
         try {
@@ -40,40 +44,60 @@ class Gitea extends Controller
                 $removed_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.removed');
                 $modified_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.modified');
                 $changed_files = collect($added_files)->concat($removed_files)->concat($modified_files)->unique()->flatten();
+                $skip_deploy_commits = self::shouldSkipDeploy(data_get($payload, 'commits.*.message', []));
             }
             if ($x_gitea_event === 'pull_request') {
                 $action = data_get($payload, 'action');
                 $full_name = data_get($payload, 'repository.full_name');
                 $pull_request_id = data_get($payload, 'number');
                 $pull_request_html_url = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.html_url');
+                $pull_request_title = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.title');
+                $skip_deploy_pr = self::shouldSkipDeployAny([$pull_request_title]);
                 $branch = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.ref');
                 $base_branch = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.base.ref');
             }
             if (! $branch) {
                 return response('Nothing to do. No branch found in the request.');
             }
-            $applications = Application::where('git_repository', 'like', "%$full_name%");
+            $full_name = $this->manualWebhookRepositoryFullName($full_name);
+            if ($full_name === null) {
+                return response('Nothing to do. Invalid repository.');
+            }
+            $applications = Application::query();
             if ($x_gitea_event === 'push') {
-                $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $branch)->get();
+                $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications($applications->where('git_branch', $branch), $full_name);
                 if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                     return response("Nothing to do. No applications found with deploy key set, branch is '$branch' and Git Repository name has $full_name.");
                 }
             }
             if ($x_gitea_event === 'pull_request') {
-                $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $base_branch)->get();
+                $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications($applications->where('git_branch', $base_branch), $full_name);
                 if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                     return response("Nothing to do. No applications found with branch '$base_branch'.");
                 }
             }
             foreach ($applications as $application) {
                 $webhook_secret = data_get($application, 'manual_webhook_secret_gitea');
+                if (empty($webhook_secret)) {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('gitea', 'webhook_secret_missing', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_gitea_event,
+                    ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
+
+                    continue;
+                }
                 $hmac = hash_hmac('sha256', $request->getContent(), $webhook_secret);
                 if (! hash_equals($x_hub_signature_256, $hmac) && ! isDev()) {
-                    $return_payloads->push([
-                        'application' => $application->name,
-                        'status' => 'failed',
-                        'message' => 'Invalid signature.',
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('gitea', 'invalid_signature', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_gitea_event,
                     ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
 
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -91,7 +115,18 @@ class Gitea extends Controller
                     if ($application->isDeployable()) {
                         $is_watch_path_triggered = $application->isWatchPathsTriggered($changed_files);
                         if ($is_watch_path_triggered || blank($application->watch_paths)) {
-                            $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                            if ($skip_deploy_commits ?? false) {
+                                $return_payloads->push([
+                                    'application' => $application->name,
+                                    'status' => 'skipped',
+                                    'message' => 'All commits contain [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping deployment.',
+                                    'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                    'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                ]);
+
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                            $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                             $result = queue_application_deployment(
                                 application: $application,
                                 deployment_uuid: $deployment_uuid,
@@ -108,6 +143,15 @@ class Gitea extends Controller
                                     'message' => $result['message'],
                                 ]);
                             } else {
+                                auditLog('webhook.deployment.queued', [
+                                    'provider' => 'gitea',
+                                    'mode' => 'manual',
+                                    'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                    'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                    'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid,
+                                    'commit' => data_get($payload, 'after'),
+                                    'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                                ]);
                                 $return_payloads->push([
                                     'status' => 'success',
                                     'message' => 'Deployment queued.',
@@ -140,7 +184,16 @@ class Gitea extends Controller
                 if ($x_gitea_event === 'pull_request') {
                     if ($action === 'opened' || $action === 'synchronized' || $action === 'reopened') {
                         if ($application->isPRDeployable()) {
-                            $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                            if ($skip_deploy_pr ?? false) {
+                                $return_payloads->push([
+                                    'application' => $application->name,
+                                    'status' => 'skipped',
+                                    'message' => 'PR title contains [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping preview deployment.',
+                                ]);
+
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                            $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                             $found = ApplicationPreview::where('application_id', $application->id)->where('pull_request_id', $pull_request_id)->first();
                             if (! $found) {
                                 if ($application->build_pack === 'dockercompose') {

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Github.php

@@ -3,19 +3,26 @@
 namespace App\Http\Controllers\Webhook;
 
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
 use App\Jobs\GithubAppPermissionJob;
 use App\Jobs\ProcessGithubPullRequestWebhook;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\GithubApp;
 use App\Models\PrivateKey;
 use Exception;
+use Illuminate\Http\Exceptions\HttpResponseException;
+use Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class Github extends Controller
 {
+    use DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+    use MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
+
     public function manual(Request $request)
     {
         try {
@@ -43,17 +50,20 @@ class Github extends Controller
                 $removed_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.removed');
                 $modified_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.modified');
                 $changed_files = collect($added_files)->concat($removed_files)->concat($modified_files)->unique()->flatten();
+                $skip_deploy_commits = self::shouldSkipDeploy(data_get($payload, 'commits.*.message', []));
             }
             if ($x_github_event === 'pull_request') {
                 $action = data_get($payload, 'action');
                 $full_name = data_get($payload, 'repository.full_name');
                 $pull_request_id = data_get($payload, 'number');
                 $pull_request_html_url = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.html_url');
+                $pull_request_title = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.title');
                 $branch = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.ref');
                 $base_branch = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.base.ref');
                 $before_sha = data_get($payload, 'before');
                 $after_sha = data_get($payload, 'after', data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.sha'));
                 $author_association = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.author_association');
+                $is_fork_pull_request = $this->isForkPullRequest($payload);
             }
             if (! in_array($x_github_event, ['push', 'pull_request'])) {
                 return response("Nothing to do. Event '$x_github_event' is not supported.");
@@ -61,15 +71,19 @@ class Github extends Controller
             if (! $branch) {
                 return response('Nothing to do. No branch found in the request.');
             }
-            $applications = Application::where('git_repository', 'like', "%$full_name%");
+            $full_name = $this->manualWebhookRepositoryFullName($full_name);
+            if ($full_name === null) {
+                return response('Nothing to do. Invalid repository.');
+            }
+            $applications = Application::query();
             if ($x_github_event === 'push') {
-                $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $branch)->get();
+                $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications($applications->where('git_branch', $branch), $full_name);
                 if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                     return response("Nothing to do. No applications found with deploy key set, branch is '$branch' and Git Repository name has $full_name.");
                 }
             }
             if ($x_github_event === 'pull_request') {
-                $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $base_branch)->get();
+                $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications($applications->where('git_branch', $base_branch), $full_name);
                 if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                     return response("Nothing to do. No applications found for repo $full_name and branch '$base_branch'.");
                 }
@@ -81,13 +95,26 @@ class Github extends Controller
             foreach ($applicationsByServer as $serverId => $serverApplications) {
                 foreach ($serverApplications as $application) {
                     $webhook_secret = data_get($application, 'manual_webhook_secret_github');
+                    if (empty($webhook_secret)) {
+                        auditLogWebhookFailure('github', 'webhook_secret_missing', [
+                            'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                            'application_name' => $application->name,
+                            'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                            'mode' => 'manual',
+                        ]);
+                        $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
+
+                        continue;
+                    }
                     $hmac = hash_hmac('sha256', $request->getContent(), $webhook_secret);
                     if (! hash_equals($x_hub_signature_256, $hmac) && ! isDev()) {
-                        $return_payloads->push([
-                            'application' => $application->name,
-                            'status' => 'failed',
-                            'message' => 'Invalid signature.',
+                        auditLogWebhookFailure('github', 'invalid_signature', [
+                            'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                            'application_name' => $application->name,
+                            'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                            'mode' => 'manual',
                         ]);
+                        $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
 
                         continue;
                     }
@@ -105,7 +132,18 @@ class Github extends Controller
                         if ($application->isDeployable()) {
                             $is_watch_path_triggered = $application->isWatchPathsTriggered($changed_files);
                             if ($is_watch_path_triggered || blank($application->watch_paths)) {
-                                $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                                if ($skip_deploy_commits ?? false) {
+                                    $return_payloads->push([
+                                        'application' => $application->name,
+                                        'status' => 'skipped',
+                                        'message' => 'All commits contain [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping deployment.',
+                                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                    ]);
+
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                                $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                                 $result = queue_application_deployment(
                                     application: $application,
                                     deployment_uuid: $deployment_uuid,
@@ -122,6 +160,15 @@ class Github extends Controller
                                         'message' => $result['message'],
                                     ]);
                                 } else {
+                                    auditLog('webhook.deployment.queued', [
+                                        'provider' => 'github',
+                                        'mode' => 'manual',
+                                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                        'deployment_uuid' => $result['deployment_uuid'],
+                                        'commit' => data_get($payload, 'after'),
+                                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                                    ]);
                                     $return_payloads->push([
                                         'application' => $application->name,
                                         'status' => 'success',
@@ -171,11 +218,13 @@ class Github extends Controller
                             action: $action,
                             pullRequestId: $pull_request_id,
                             pullRequestHtmlUrl: $pull_request_html_url,
+                            pullRequestTitle: $pull_request_title ?? null,
                             beforeSha: $before_sha,
                             afterSha: $after_sha,
                             commitSha: data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.sha', 'HEAD'),
                             authorAssociation: $author_association,
                             fullName: $full_name,
+                            isForkPullRequest: $is_fork_pull_request ?? false,
                         );
 
                         $return_payloads->push([
@@ -212,9 +261,26 @@ class Github extends Controller
                 return response('Nothing to do. No GitHub App found.');
             }
             $webhook_secret = data_get($github_app, 'webhook_secret');
+            if (empty($webhook_secret)) {
+                auditLogWebhookFailure('github', 'webhook_secret_missing', [
+                    'mode' => 'app',
+                    'github_app_id' => $github_app->id,
+                    'github_app_name' => $github_app->name,
+                    'installation_target_id' => $x_github_hook_installation_target_id,
+                ]);
+
+                return response('Invalid signature.');
+            }
             $hmac = hash_hmac('sha256', $request->getContent(), $webhook_secret);
             if (config('app.env') !== 'local') {
                 if (! hash_equals($x_hub_signature_256, $hmac)) {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('github', 'invalid_signature', [
+                        'mode' => 'app',
+                        'github_app_id' => $github_app->id,
+                        'github_app_name' => $github_app->name,
+                        'installation_target_id' => $x_github_hook_installation_target_id,
+                    ]);
+
                     return response('Invalid signature.');
                 }
             }
@@ -237,17 +303,20 @@ class Github extends Controller
                 $removed_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.removed');
                 $modified_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.modified');
                 $changed_files = collect($added_files)->concat($removed_files)->concat($modified_files)->unique()->flatten();
+                $skip_deploy_commits = self::shouldSkipDeploy(data_get($payload, 'commits.*.message', []));
             }
             if ($x_github_event === 'pull_request') {
                 $action = data_get($payload, 'action');
                 $id = data_get($payload, 'repository.id');
                 $pull_request_id = data_get($payload, 'number');
                 $pull_request_html_url = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.html_url');
+                $pull_request_title = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.title');
                 $branch = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.ref');
                 $base_branch = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.base.ref');
                 $before_sha = data_get($payload, 'before');
                 $after_sha = data_get($payload, 'after', data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.sha'));
                 $author_association = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.author_association');
+                $is_fork_pull_request = $this->isForkPullRequest($payload);
             }
             if (! in_array($x_github_event, ['push', 'pull_request'])) {
                 return response("Nothing to do. Event '$x_github_event' is not supported.");
@@ -291,7 +360,18 @@ class Github extends Controller
                         if ($application->isDeployable()) {
                             $is_watch_path_triggered = $application->isWatchPathsTriggered($changed_files);
                             if ($is_watch_path_triggered || blank($application->watch_paths)) {
-                                $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                                if ($skip_deploy_commits ?? false) {
+                                    $return_payloads->push([
+                                        'application' => $application->name,
+                                        'status' => 'skipped',
+                                        'message' => 'All commits contain [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping deployment.',
+                                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                    ]);
+
+                                    continue;
+                                }
+                                $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                                 $result = queue_application_deployment(
                                     application: $application,
                                     deployment_uuid: $deployment_uuid,
@@ -302,6 +382,17 @@ class Github extends Controller
                                 if ($result['status'] === 'queue_full') {
                                     return response($result['message'], 429)->header('Retry-After', 60);
                                 }
+                                if ($result['status'] !== 'skipped' && ! empty($result['deployment_uuid'])) {
+                                    auditLog('webhook.deployment.queued', [
+                                        'provider' => 'github',
+                                        'mode' => 'app',
+                                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                        'deployment_uuid' => $result['deployment_uuid'],
+                                        'commit' => data_get($payload, 'after'),
+                                        'github_app_id' => $github_app->id,
+                                    ]);
+                                }
                                 $return_payloads->push([
                                     'status' => $result['status'],
                                     'message' => $result['message'],
@@ -351,11 +442,13 @@ class Github extends Controller
                             action: $action,
                             pullRequestId: $pull_request_id,
                             pullRequestHtmlUrl: $pull_request_html_url,
+                            pullRequestTitle: $pull_request_title ?? null,
                             beforeSha: $before_sha,
                             afterSha: $after_sha,
                             commitSha: data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.sha', 'HEAD'),
                             authorAssociation: $author_association,
                             fullName: $full_name,
+                            isForkPullRequest: $is_fork_pull_request ?? false,
                         );
 
                         $return_payloads->push([
@@ -373,55 +466,203 @@ class Github extends Controller
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Determine whether a pull_request webhook payload originates from a fork.
+     *
+     * GitHub's `author_association` is not a reliable trust signal (it grants
+     * CONTRIBUTOR to anyone who has merely opened an issue/PR before), so fork
+     * detection is gated on whether the PR crosses repository boundaries.
+     *
+     * The repository id comparison is the canonical signal; the `head.repo.fork`
+     * flag and a case-insensitive full_name comparison are fallbacks for payloads
+     * where the ids are unavailable (e.g. a deleted head repository).
+     */
+    private function isForkPullRequest(mixed $payload): bool
+    {
+        $headRepoId = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.repo.id');
+        $baseRepoId = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.base.repo.id');
+
+        if ($headRepoId !== null && $baseRepoId !== null) {
+            return (string) $headRepoId !== (string) $baseRepoId;
+        }
+
+        if (data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.repo.fork') === true) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        $headRepoFullName = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.head.repo.full_name');
+        $baseRepoFullName = data_get($payload, 'pull_request.base.repo.full_name');
+
+        if (is_string($headRepoFullName) && is_string($baseRepoFullName)) {
+            return Str::lower($headRepoFullName) !== Str::lower($baseRepoFullName);
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
     public function redirect(Request $request)
     {
-        try {
-            $code = $request->get('code');
-            $state = $request->get('state');
-            $github_app = GithubApp::where('uuid', $state)->firstOrFail();
-            $api_url = data_get($github_app, 'api_url');
-            $data = Http::withBody(null)->accept('application/vnd.github+json')->post("$api_url/app-manifests/$code/conversions")->throw()->json();
-            $id = data_get($data, 'id');
-            $slug = data_get($data, 'slug');
-            $client_id = data_get($data, 'client_id');
-            $client_secret = data_get($data, 'client_secret');
-            $private_key = data_get($data, 'pem');
-            $webhook_secret = data_get($data, 'webhook_secret');
-            $private_key = PrivateKey::create([
-                'name' => "github-app-{$slug}",
-                'private_key' => $private_key,
-                'team_id' => $github_app->team_id,
-                'is_git_related' => true,
-            ]);
-            $github_app->name = $slug;
-            $github_app->app_id = $id;
-            $github_app->client_id = $client_id;
-            $github_app->client_secret = $client_secret;
-            $github_app->webhook_secret = $webhook_secret;
-            $github_app->private_key_id = $private_key->id;
-            $github_app->save();
+        $code = (string) $request->query('code', '');
+        abort_if(blank($code), 422, 'Missing GitHub App manifest code.');
 
-            return redirect()->route('source.github.show', ['github_app_uuid' => $github_app->uuid]);
-        } catch (Exception $e) {
-            return handleError($e);
-        }
+        $github_app = $this->consumeGithubAppSetupState(
+            request: $request,
+            state: (string) $request->query('state', ''),
+            action: 'manifest',
+        );
+
+        abort_if($this->githubAppHasManifestCredentials($github_app), 403, 'GitHub App credentials are already configured.');
+
+        $api_url = data_get($github_app, 'api_url');
+        $data = Http::withBody(null)
+            ->accept('application/vnd.github+json')
+            ->timeout(10)
+            ->connectTimeout(5)
+            ->post("$api_url/app-manifests/$code/conversions")
+            ->throw()
+            ->json();
+
+        $id = data_get($data, 'id');
+        $slug = data_get($data, 'slug');
+        $client_id = data_get($data, 'client_id');
+        $client_secret = data_get($data, 'client_secret');
+        $private_key = data_get($data, 'pem');
+        $webhook_secret = data_get($data, 'webhook_secret');
+
+        abort_if(blank($id) || blank($slug) || blank($client_id) || blank($client_secret) || blank($private_key) || blank($webhook_secret), 422, 'GitHub App manifest conversion response is incomplete.');
+
+        $private_key = PrivateKey::create([
+            'name' => "github-app-{$slug}",
+            'private_key' => $private_key,
+            'team_id' => $github_app->team_id,
+            'is_git_related' => true,
+        ]);
+        $github_app->name = $slug;
+        $github_app->app_id = $id;
+        $github_app->client_id = $client_id;
+        $github_app->client_secret = $client_secret;
+        $github_app->webhook_secret = $webhook_secret;
+        $github_app->private_key_id = $private_key->id;
+        $github_app->save();
+
+        return redirect()->route('source.github.show', ['github_app_uuid' => $github_app->uuid]);
     }
 
     public function install(Request $request)
     {
-        try {
-            $installation_id = $request->get('installation_id');
-            $source = $request->get('source');
-            $setup_action = $request->get('setup_action');
-            $github_app = GithubApp::where('uuid', $source)->firstOrFail();
-            if ($setup_action === 'install') {
-                $github_app->installation_id = $installation_id;
-                $github_app->save();
-            }
+        $setup_action = (string) $request->query('setup_action', '');
+        abort_unless(in_array($setup_action, ['install', 'update'], true), 422, 'Invalid GitHub App setup action.');
 
+        $installation_id = (string) $request->query('installation_id', '');
+        abort_unless(ctype_digit($installation_id), 422, 'Missing GitHub App installation id.');
+
+        if ($setup_action === 'update') {
+            return $this->redirectAfterGithubAppInstallationUpdate($installation_id);
+        }
+
+        $github_app = $this->consumeGithubAppSetupState(
+            request: $request,
+            state: (string) $request->query('state', ''),
+            action: 'install',
+        );
+
+        abort_unless(
+            $this->githubInstallationBelongsToApp($github_app, $installation_id),
+            403,
+            'GitHub App installation could not be verified.'
+        );
+
+        $github_app->installation_id = $installation_id;
+        $github_app->save();
+
+        return redirect()->route('source.github.show', ['github_app_uuid' => $github_app->uuid]);
+    }
+
+    private function redirectAfterGithubAppInstallationUpdate(string $installation_id): RedirectResponse
+    {
+        $github_app = GithubApp::ownedByCurrentTeam()
+            ->where('installation_id', $installation_id)
+            ->first();
+
+        if ($github_app) {
             return redirect()->route('source.github.show', ['github_app_uuid' => $github_app->uuid]);
-        } catch (Exception $e) {
-            return handleError($e);
+        }
+
+        return redirect()->route('source.all');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that the given installation id actually belongs to this GitHub App.
+     *
+     * The installation id arrives as an untrusted query parameter on an
+     * unauthenticated-reachable GET callback, so it must be confirmed against
+     * the GitHub API using the App's own credentials before it is persisted.
+     */
+    private function githubInstallationBelongsToApp(GithubApp $github_app, string $installation_id): bool
+    {
+        if (blank($github_app->app_id) || blank($github_app->privateKey?->private_key)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $jwt = generateGithubJwt($github_app);
+            $response = Http::withHeaders([
+                'Authorization' => "Bearer $jwt",
+                'Accept' => 'application/vnd.github+json',
+            ])
+                ->timeout(10)
+                ->connectTimeout(5)
+                ->get("{$github_app->api_url}/app/installations/{$installation_id}");
+
+            return $response->successful()
+                && (string) data_get($response->json(), 'app_id') === (string) $github_app->app_id;
+        } catch (\Throwable) {
+            return false;
         }
     }
+
+    private function consumeGithubAppSetupState(Request $request, string $state, string $action): GithubApp
+    {
+        if (blank($state)) {
+            $this->rejectInvalidGithubAppSetupState($request);
+        }
+
+        $payload = Cache::pull($this->githubAppSetupStateCacheKey($state));
+        if (! is_array($payload) || data_get($payload, 'action') !== $action) {
+            $this->rejectInvalidGithubAppSetupState($request);
+        }
+
+        $team_id = $request->user()?->currentTeam()?->id;
+        abort_unless(! is_null($team_id) && (int) data_get($payload, 'team_id') === $team_id, 403);
+
+        return GithubApp::whereKey(data_get($payload, 'github_app_id'))
+            ->where('team_id', data_get($payload, 'team_id'))
+            ->firstOrFail();
+    }
+
+    private function rejectInvalidGithubAppSetupState(Request $request): never
+    {
+        if ($request->expectsJson()) {
+            abort(404);
+        }
+
+        throw new HttpResponseException(
+            redirect()
+                ->route('source.all')
+        );
+    }
+
+    private function githubAppSetupStateCacheKey(string $state): string
+    {
+        return 'github-app-setup-state:'.hash('sha256', $state);
+    }
+
+    private function githubAppHasManifestCredentials(GithubApp $github_app): bool
+    {
+        return filled($github_app->app_id)
+            || filled($github_app->client_id)
+            || filled($github_app->client_secret)
+            || filled($github_app->webhook_secret)
+            || filled($github_app->private_key_id);
+    }
 }

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Gitlab.php

@@ -4,15 +4,19 @@ namespace App\Http\Controllers\Webhook;
 
 use App\Actions\Application\CleanupPreviewDeployment;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use Exception;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class Gitlab extends Controller
 {
+    use DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
+    use MatchesManualWebhookApplications;
+
     public function manual(Request $request)
     {
         try {
@@ -32,6 +36,9 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
             }
 
             if (empty($x_gitlab_token)) {
+                auditLogWebhookFailure('gitlab', 'webhook_token_missing', [
+                    'event' => $x_gitlab_event,
+                ]);
                 $return_payloads->push([
                     'status' => 'failed',
                     'message' => 'Invalid signature.',
@@ -58,6 +65,7 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                 $removed_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.removed');
                 $modified_files = data_get($payload, 'commits.*.modified');
                 $changed_files = collect($added_files)->concat($removed_files)->concat($modified_files)->unique()->flatten();
+                $skip_deploy_commits = self::shouldSkipDeploy(data_get($payload, 'commits.*.message', []));
             }
             if ($x_gitlab_event === 'merge_request') {
                 $action = data_get($payload, 'object_attributes.action');
@@ -66,6 +74,9 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                 $full_name = data_get($payload, 'project.path_with_namespace');
                 $pull_request_id = data_get($payload, 'object_attributes.iid');
                 $pull_request_html_url = data_get($payload, 'object_attributes.url');
+                $pull_request_title = data_get($payload, 'object_attributes.title');
+                $latest_commit_message = data_get($payload, 'object_attributes.last_commit.message');
+                $skip_deploy_pr = self::shouldSkipDeployAny([$pull_request_title, $latest_commit_message]);
                 if (! $branch) {
                     $return_payloads->push([
                         'status' => 'failed',
@@ -75,9 +86,18 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                     return response($return_payloads);
                 }
             }
-            $applications = Application::where('git_repository', 'like', "%$full_name%");
+            $full_name = $this->manualWebhookRepositoryFullName($full_name);
+            if ($full_name === null) {
+                $return_payloads->push([
+                    'status' => 'failed',
+                    'message' => 'Nothing to do. Invalid repository.',
+                ]);
+
+                return response($return_payloads);
+            }
+            $applications = Application::query();
             if ($x_gitlab_event === 'push') {
-                $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $branch)->get();
+                $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications($applications->where('git_branch', $branch), $full_name);
                 if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                     $return_payloads->push([
                         'status' => 'failed',
@@ -88,7 +108,7 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                 }
             }
             if ($x_gitlab_event === 'merge_request') {
-                $applications = $applications->where('git_branch', $base_branch)->get();
+                $applications = $this->manualWebhookApplications($applications->where('git_branch', $base_branch), $full_name);
                 if ($applications->isEmpty()) {
                     $return_payloads->push([
                         'status' => 'failed',
@@ -100,12 +120,25 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
             }
             foreach ($applications as $application) {
                 $webhook_secret = data_get($application, 'manual_webhook_secret_gitlab');
-                if (! hash_equals($webhook_secret ?? '', $x_gitlab_token ?? '')) {
-                    $return_payloads->push([
-                        'application' => $application->name,
-                        'status' => 'failed',
-                        'message' => 'Invalid signature.',
+                if (empty($webhook_secret)) {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('gitlab', 'webhook_secret_missing', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_gitlab_event,
                     ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (! hash_equals($webhook_secret, $x_gitlab_token ?? '')) {
+                    auditLogWebhookFailure('gitlab', 'invalid_signature', [
+                        'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                        'application_name' => $application->name,
+                        'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                        'event' => $x_gitlab_event,
+                    ]);
+                    $return_payloads->push($this->unauthenticatedManualWebhookFailurePayload());
 
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -123,7 +156,18 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                     if ($application->isDeployable()) {
                         $is_watch_path_triggered = $application->isWatchPathsTriggered($changed_files);
                         if ($is_watch_path_triggered || blank($application->watch_paths)) {
-                            $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                            if ($skip_deploy_commits ?? false) {
+                                $return_payloads->push([
+                                    'application' => $application->name,
+                                    'status' => 'skipped',
+                                    'message' => 'All commits contain [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping deployment.',
+                                    'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                    'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                ]);
+
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                            $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                             $result = queue_application_deployment(
                                 application: $application,
                                 deployment_uuid: $deployment_uuid,
@@ -141,6 +185,15 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                                     'application_name' => $application->name,
                                 ]);
                             } else {
+                                auditLog('webhook.deployment.queued', [
+                                    'provider' => 'gitlab',
+                                    'mode' => 'manual',
+                                    'application_uuid' => $application->uuid,
+                                    'application_name' => $application->name,
+                                    'deployment_uuid' => $deployment_uuid,
+                                    'commit' => data_get($payload, 'after'),
+                                    'repository' => $full_name ?? null,
+                                ]);
                                 $return_payloads->push([
                                     'status' => 'success',
                                     'message' => 'Deployment queued.',
@@ -173,7 +226,16 @@ class Gitlab extends Controller
                 if ($x_gitlab_event === 'merge_request') {
                     if ($action === 'open' || $action === 'opened' || $action === 'synchronize' || $action === 'reopened' || $action === 'reopen' || $action === 'update') {
                         if ($application->isPRDeployable()) {
-                            $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+                            if ($skip_deploy_pr ?? false) {
+                                $return_payloads->push([
+                                    'application' => $application->name,
+                                    'status' => 'skipped',
+                                    'message' => 'PR title or latest commit contains [skip cd] or [skip ci]. Skipping preview deployment.',
+                                ]);
+
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                            $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
                             $found = ApplicationPreview::where('application_id', $application->id)->where('pull_request_id', $pull_request_id)->first();
                             if (! $found) {
                                 if ($application->build_pack === 'dockercompose') {

app/Http/Controllers/Webhook/Stripe.php

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Jobs\StripeProcessJob;
 use Exception;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Stripe\Exception\SignatureVerificationException;
+use Stripe\Webhook;
 
 class Stripe extends Controller
 {
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ class Stripe extends Controller
         try {
             $webhookSecret = config('subscription.stripe_webhook_secret');
             $signature = $request->header('Stripe-Signature');
-            $event = \Stripe\Webhook::constructEvent(
+            $event = Webhook::constructEvent(
                 $request->getContent(),
                 $signature,
                 $webhookSecret
@@ -22,6 +24,12 @@ class Stripe extends Controller
             StripeProcessJob::dispatch($event);
 
             return response('Webhook received. Cool cool cool cool cool.', 200);
+        } catch (SignatureVerificationException $e) {
+            auditLogWebhookFailure('stripe', 'invalid_signature', [
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+
+            return response($e->getMessage(), 400);
         } catch (Exception $e) {
             return response($e->getMessage(), 400);
         }

app/Http/Kernel.php

@@ -2,7 +2,42 @@
 
 namespace App\Http;
 
+use App\Http\Middleware\ApiAbility;
+use App\Http\Middleware\ApiSensitiveData;
+use App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate;
+use App\Http\Middleware\CanAccessTerminal;
+use App\Http\Middleware\CanCreateResources;
+use App\Http\Middleware\CanUpdateResource;
+use App\Http\Middleware\CheckForcePasswordReset;
+use App\Http\Middleware\DecideWhatToDoWithUser;
+use App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies;
+use App\Http\Middleware\EnsureMcpEnabled;
+use App\Http\Middleware\EnsureTeamMcpEnabled;
+use App\Http\Middleware\EnsureTokenBelongsToCurrentTeamMember;
+use App\Http\Middleware\PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance;
+use App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated;
+use App\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings;
+use App\Http\Middleware\TrustHosts;
+use App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies;
+use App\Http\Middleware\ValidateSignature;
+use App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified;
+use Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword;
+use Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidatePostSize;
+use Illuminate\Http\Middleware\HandleCors;
+use Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders;
+use Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings;
+use Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests;
+use Illuminate\Session\Middleware\AuthenticateSession;
+use Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession;
+use Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession;
+use Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\CheckAbilities;
+use Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\CheckForAnyAbility;
 
 class Kernel extends HttpKernel
 {
@@ -14,13 +49,13 @@ class Kernel extends HttpKernel
      * @var array<int, class-string|string>
      */
     protected $middleware = [
-        \App\Http\Middleware\TrustHosts::class,
-        \App\Http\Middleware\TrustProxies::class,
-        \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\HandleCors::class,
-        \App\Http\Middleware\PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance::class,
-        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ValidatePostSize::class,
-        \App\Http\Middleware\TrimStrings::class,
-        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\ConvertEmptyStringsToNull::class,
+        TrustHosts::class,
+        TrustProxies::class,
+        HandleCors::class,
+        PreventRequestsDuringMaintenance::class,
+        ValidatePostSize::class,
+        TrimStrings::class,
+        ConvertEmptyStringsToNull::class,
 
     ];
 
@@ -31,21 +66,21 @@ class Kernel extends HttpKernel
      */
     protected $middlewareGroups = [
         'web' => [
-            \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
-            \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
-            \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
-            \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
-            \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
-            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
-            \App\Http\Middleware\CheckForcePasswordReset::class,
-            \App\Http\Middleware\DecideWhatToDoWithUser::class,
+            EncryptCookies::class,
+            AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
+            StartSession::class,
+            ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
+            VerifyCsrfToken::class,
+            SubstituteBindings::class,
+            CheckForcePasswordReset::class,
+            DecideWhatToDoWithUser::class,
 
         ],
 
         'api' => [
             // \Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\EnsureFrontendRequestsAreStateful::class,
-            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class.':api',
-            \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings::class,
+            ThrottleRequests::class.':api',
+            SubstituteBindings::class,
         ],
     ];
 
@@ -57,22 +92,25 @@ class Kernel extends HttpKernel
      * @var array<string, class-string|string>
      */
     protected $middlewareAliases = [
-        'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
-        'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
-        'auth.session' => \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\AuthenticateSession::class,
-        'cache.headers' => \Illuminate\Http\Middleware\SetCacheHeaders::class,
-        'can' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authorize::class,
-        'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
-        'password.confirm' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\RequirePassword::class,
-        'signed' => \App\Http\Middleware\ValidateSignature::class,
-        'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class,
-        'verified' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
-        'abilities' => \Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\CheckAbilities::class,
-        'ability' => \Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\CheckForAnyAbility::class,
-        'api.ability' => \App\Http\Middleware\ApiAbility::class,
-        'api.sensitive' => \App\Http\Middleware\ApiSensitiveData::class,
-        'can.create.resources' => \App\Http\Middleware\CanCreateResources::class,
-        'can.update.resource' => \App\Http\Middleware\CanUpdateResource::class,
-        'can.access.terminal' => \App\Http\Middleware\CanAccessTerminal::class,
+        'auth' => Authenticate::class,
+        'auth.basic' => AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
+        'auth.session' => AuthenticateSession::class,
+        'cache.headers' => SetCacheHeaders::class,
+        'can' => Authorize::class,
+        'guest' => RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
+        'password.confirm' => RequirePassword::class,
+        'signed' => ValidateSignature::class,
+        'throttle' => ThrottleRequests::class,
+        'verified' => EnsureEmailIsVerified::class,
+        'abilities' => CheckAbilities::class,
+        'ability' => CheckForAnyAbility::class,
+        'api.ability' => ApiAbility::class,
+        'api.sensitive' => ApiSensitiveData::class,
+        'api.token.team' => EnsureTokenBelongsToCurrentTeamMember::class,
+        'can.create.resources' => CanCreateResources::class,
+        'can.update.resource' => CanUpdateResource::class,
+        'can.access.terminal' => CanAccessTerminal::class,
+        'mcp.enabled' => EnsureMcpEnabled::class,
+        'mcp.team.enabled' => EnsureTeamMcpEnabled::class,
     ];
 }

app/Http/Middleware/ApiAbility.php

@@ -2,23 +2,60 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Middleware;
 
+use Illuminate\Auth\AuthenticationException;
 use Laravel\Sanctum\Http\Middleware\CheckForAnyAbility;
 
 class ApiAbility extends CheckForAnyAbility
 {
+    /**
+     * Permissions that only admins/owners may use.
+     */
+    private const MEMBER_DISALLOWED_ABILITIES = [
+        'root',
+        'write',
+        'write:sensitive',
+        'deploy',
+        'read:sensitive',
+    ];
+
     public function handle($request, $next, ...$abilities)
     {
         try {
+            $token = $request->user()->currentAccessToken();
+            $teamId = data_get($token, 'team_id');
+
+            if ($teamId !== null && ! $request->user()->isAdminOfTeam((int) $teamId)) {
+                $tokenAbilities = $token->abilities ?? [];
+                $disallowed = array_intersect($tokenAbilities, self::MEMBER_DISALLOWED_ABILITIES);
+
+                if (! empty($disallowed)) {
+                    return response()->json([
+                        'message' => 'This API token has permissions ('.implode(', ', $disallowed).') that exceed your current role as a team member. Members are restricted to read-only API access. Please revoke this token and create a new one with only read permissions.',
+                    ], 403);
+                }
+            }
+
             if ($request->user()->tokenCan('root')) {
                 return $next($request);
             }
 
             return parent::handle($request, $next, ...$abilities);
-        } catch (\Illuminate\Auth\AuthenticationException $e) {
+        } catch (AuthenticationException $e) {
+            auditLog('api.auth.unauthenticated', [
+                'reason' => $e->getMessage(),
+                'required_abilities' => $abilities,
+            ], 'warning');
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Unauthenticated.',
             ], 401);
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            auditLog('api.auth.ability_denied', [
+                'required_abilities' => $abilities,
+                'token_id' => $request->user()?->currentAccessToken()?->id,
+                'reason' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ], 'warning');
+
             return response()->json([
                 'message' => 'Missing required permissions: '.implode(', ', $abilities),
             ], 403);

app/Http/Middleware/ApiSensitiveData.php

@@ -10,10 +10,13 @@ class ApiSensitiveData
     public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next)
     {
         $token = $request->user()->currentAccessToken();
+        $hasTokenPermission = $token->can('root') || $token->can('read:sensitive');
+        $teamId = (int) data_get($token, 'team_id');
+        $isAdmin = $teamId ? $request->user()->isAdminOfTeam($teamId) : false;
 
-        // Allow access to sensitive data if token has root or read:sensitive permission
+        // Allow access to sensitive data only if token has permission AND user is admin/owner
         $request->attributes->add([
-            'can_read_sensitive' => $token->can('root') || $token->can('read:sensitive'),
+            'can_read_sensitive' => $hasTokenPermission && $isAdmin,
         ]);
 
         return $next($request);

app/Http/Middleware/CanCreateResources.php

@@ -12,15 +12,14 @@ class CanCreateResources
     /**
      * Handle an incoming request.
      *
-     * @param  \Closure(\Illuminate\Http\Request): (\Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response)  $next
+     * @param  Closure(Request): (Response)  $next
      */
     public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
     {
-        return $next($request);
-        // if (! Gate::allows('createAnyResource')) {
-        //     abort(403, 'You do not have permission to create resources.');
-        // }
+        if (! Gate::allows('createAnyResource')) {
+            abort(403, 'You do not have permission to create resources.');
+        }
 
-        // return $next($request);
+        return $next($request);
     }
 }

app/Http/Middleware/CanUpdateResource.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ namespace App\Http\Middleware;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\Environment;
 use App\Models\Project;
+use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Models\Service;
 use App\Models\ServiceApplication;
 use App\Models\ServiceDatabase;
@@ -23,53 +24,61 @@ use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
 
 class CanUpdateResource
 {
+    /**
+     * @var array<string, list<class-string>>
+     */
+    private const ROUTE_RESOURCE_MODELS = [
+        'application_uuid' => [Application::class],
+        'database_uuid' => [
+            StandalonePostgresql::class,
+            StandaloneMysql::class,
+            StandaloneMariadb::class,
+            StandaloneRedis::class,
+            StandaloneKeydb::class,
+            StandaloneDragonfly::class,
+            StandaloneClickhouse::class,
+            StandaloneMongodb::class,
+        ],
+        'stack_service_uuid' => [ServiceApplication::class, ServiceDatabase::class],
+        'service_uuid' => [Service::class],
+        'server_uuid' => [Server::class],
+        'environment_uuid' => [Environment::class],
+        'project_uuid' => [Project::class],
+    ];
+
     public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
     {
+        $resource = $this->resourceFromRoute($request);
+
+        if (! $resource) {
+            abort(404, 'Resource not found.');
+        }
+
+        if (! Gate::allows('update', $resource)) {
+            abort(403, 'You do not have permission to update this resource.');
+        }
+
         return $next($request);
+    }
 
-        // Get resource from route parameters
-        // $resource = null;
-        // if ($request->route('application_uuid')) {
-        //     $resource = Application::where('uuid', $request->route('application_uuid'))->first();
-        // } elseif ($request->route('service_uuid')) {
-        //     $resource = Service::where('uuid', $request->route('service_uuid'))->first();
-        // } elseif ($request->route('stack_service_uuid')) {
-        //     // Handle ServiceApplication or ServiceDatabase
-        //     $stack_service_uuid = $request->route('stack_service_uuid');
-        //     $resource = ServiceApplication::where('uuid', $stack_service_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                ServiceDatabase::where('uuid', $stack_service_uuid)->first();
-        // } elseif ($request->route('database_uuid')) {
-        //     // Try different database types
-        //     $database_uuid = $request->route('database_uuid');
-        //     $resource = StandalonePostgresql::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneMysql::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneMariadb::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneRedis::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneKeydb::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneDragonfly::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneClickhouse::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first() ??
-        //                StandaloneMongodb::where('uuid', $database_uuid)->first();
-        // } elseif ($request->route('server_uuid')) {
-        //     // For server routes, check if user can manage servers
-        //     if (! auth()->user()->isAdmin()) {
-        //         abort(403, 'You do not have permission to access this resource.');
-        //     }
+    private function resourceFromRoute(Request $request): ?object
+    {
+        foreach (self::ROUTE_RESOURCE_MODELS as $routeParameter => $models) {
+            $uuid = $request->route($routeParameter);
 
-        //     return $next($request);
-        // } elseif ($request->route('environment_uuid')) {
-        //     $resource = Environment::where('uuid', $request->route('environment_uuid'))->first();
-        // } elseif ($request->route('project_uuid')) {
-        //     $resource = Project::ownedByCurrentTeam()->where('uuid', $request->route('project_uuid'))->first();
-        // }
+            if (! $uuid) {
+                continue;
+            }
 
-        // if (! $resource) {
-        //     abort(404, 'Resource not found.');
-        // }
+            foreach ($models as $model) {
+                $resource = $model::where('uuid', $uuid)->first();
 
-        // if (! Gate::allows('update', $resource)) {
-        //     abort(403, 'You do not have permission to update this resource.');
-        // }
+                if ($resource) {
+                    return $resource;
+                }
+            }
+        }
 
-        // return $next($request);
+        return null;
     }
 }

app/Http/Middleware/EnsureMcpEnabled.php

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Middleware;
+
+use App\Models\InstanceSettings;
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class EnsureMcpEnabled
+{
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming request.
+     *
+     * @param  Closure(Request): (Response)  $next
+     */
+    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
+    {
+        if (! InstanceSettings::get()->is_mcp_server_enabled) {
+            abort(404);
+        }
+
+        return $next($request);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Middleware/EnsureTeamMcpEnabled.php

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Middleware;
+
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class EnsureTeamMcpEnabled
+{
+    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
+    {
+        $user = $request->user();
+        $teamId = $user?->currentAccessToken()?->team_id;
+
+        $team = $user?->teams()
+            ->where('teams.id', $teamId)
+            ->first();
+
+        if (! $team?->is_mcp_server_enabled) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'MCP server is disabled for this team.'], 403);
+        }
+
+        return $next($request);
+    }
+}

app/Http/Middleware/EnsureTokenBelongsToCurrentTeamMember.php

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Middleware;
+
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class EnsureTokenBelongsToCurrentTeamMember
+{
+    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
+    {
+        $user = $request->user();
+        $token = $user?->currentAccessToken();
+        $teamId = $token?->team_id;
+
+        if (! $user || ! $token || is_null($teamId)) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid token.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        $team = $user->teams()
+            ->where('teams.id', $teamId)
+            ->first();
+
+        if (! $team) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Invalid token.'], 401);
+        }
+
+        $role = $team->pivot?->role;
+        if (($token->can('root') || $token->can('write') || $token->can('write:sensitive'))
+            && ! in_array($role, ['admin', 'owner'], true)) {
+            return response()->json(['message' => 'Missing required team role.'], 403);
+        }
+
+        return $next($request);
+    }
+}

app/Jobs/ApiTokenExpirationWarningJob.php

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Jobs;
+
+use App\Models\PersonalAccessToken;
+use App\Models\Team;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Notifications\ApiTokenExpiringNotification;
+use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
+use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
+use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
+use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Laravel\Horizon\Contracts\Silenced;
+
+class ApiTokenExpirationWarningJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
+{
+    use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
+
+    public $tries = 1;
+
+    public $timeout = 120;
+
+    public function handle(): void
+    {
+        PersonalAccessToken::query()
+            ->whereNotNull('expires_at')
+            ->where('expires_at', '>', now())
+            ->where('expires_at', '<=', now()->addDay())
+            ->whereNull('api_token_expiration_warning_sent_at')
+            ->where('tokenable_type', User::class)
+            ->chunkById(100, function ($tokens) {
+                foreach ($tokens as $token) {
+                    if (! $token->team_id) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    $team = Team::find($token->team_id);
+                    if (! $team) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    $warningSentAt = now();
+
+                    $team->notify(new ApiTokenExpiringNotification($token));
+
+                    $markedAsSent = PersonalAccessToken::query()
+                        ->whereKey($token->getKey())
+                        ->whereNotNull('expires_at')
+                        ->where('expires_at', '>', now())
+                        ->where('expires_at', '<=', now()->addDay())
+                        ->whereNull('api_token_expiration_warning_sent_at')
+                        ->update(['api_token_expiration_warning_sent_at' => $warningSentAt]);
+
+                    if ($markedAsSent !== 1) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    $token->forceFill(['api_token_expiration_warning_sent_at' => $warningSentAt]);
+                }
+            });
+    }
+}

app/Jobs/CleanupHelperContainersJob.php

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class CleanupHelperContainersJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldBeUnique, S
                 'active_deployment_uuids' => $activeDeployments,
             ]);
 
-            $containers = instant_remote_process_with_timeout(['docker container ps --format \'{{json .}}\' | jq -s \'map(select(.Image | contains("'.config('constants.coolify.registry_url').'/coollabsio/coolify-helper")))\''], $this->server, false);
+            $containers = instant_remote_process_with_timeout(['docker container ps --format \'{{json .}}\' | jq -s \'map(select(.Image | contains("'.coolifyRegistryUrl().'/coollabsio/coolify-helper")))\''], $this->server, false);
             $helperContainers = collect(json_decode($containers));
 
             if ($helperContainers->count() > 0) {

app/Jobs/CleanupInstanceStuffsJob.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Jobs;
 
+use App\Models\ScheduledDatabaseBackup;
 use App\Models\TeamInvitation;
 use App\Models\User;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\WithoutOverlapping;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 
 class CleanupInstanceStuffsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldBeUnique, ShouldQueue
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ class CleanupInstanceStuffsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldBeUnique, Sho
         try {
             $this->cleanupInvitationLink();
             $this->cleanupExpiredEmailChangeRequests();
+            $this->enforceBackupRetention();
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::error('CleanupInstanceStuffsJob failed with error: '.$e->getMessage());
         }
@@ -55,4 +58,25 @@ class CleanupInstanceStuffsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldBeUnique, Sho
                 'email_change_code_expires_at' => null,
             ]);
     }
+
+    private function enforceBackupRetention(): void
+    {
+        if (! Cache::add('backup-retention-enforcement', true, 1800)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $backups = ScheduledDatabaseBackup::where('enabled', true)->get();
+            foreach ($backups as $backup) {
+                try {
+                    removeOldBackups($backup);
+                } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                    Log::warning('Failed to enforce retention for backup '.$backup->id.': '.$e->getMessage());
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('Failed to enforce backup retention: '.$e->getMessage());
+            Cache::forget('backup-retention-enforcement');
+        }
+    }
 }

app/Jobs/CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Process;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
 
@@ -20,6 +21,132 @@ class CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections implements ShouldQueue
     {
         $this->cleanupStaleConnections();
         $this->cleanupNonExistentServerConnections();
+        $this->cleanupOrphanedSshProcesses();
+        $this->cleanupOrphanedCloudflaredProcesses();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Kill backgrounded ssh master processes that lost the ControlPath socket
+     * race. Such processes are not masters, so ControlPersist never reaps them
+     * and they leak memory until the container restarts. A legitimate master
+     * always owns its socket file; an orphan has none.
+     *
+     * Processes younger than the minimum age are skipped: a freshly forked
+     * master creates its socket a few milliseconds after starting, so a young
+     * process with no socket may simply be mid-establish rather than orphaned.
+     */
+    private function cleanupOrphanedSshProcesses(): void
+    {
+        $muxDir = storage_path('app/ssh/mux');
+        $minAge = (int) config('constants.ssh.mux_orphan_min_age');
+
+        foreach ($this->listProcesses() as $process) {
+            // Backgrounded ssh master: current `ssh -fN` or legacy `ssh -fNM`.
+            if (! preg_match('#(^|/)ssh -fN#', $process['args'])) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Only ever touch ssh processes pointing at Coolify's mux directory.
+            if (! preg_match('#ControlPath=('.preg_quote($muxDir, '#').'/\S+)#', $process['args'], $pathMatch)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if ($process['etimes'] >= $minAge && ! file_exists($pathMatch[1])) {
+                $this->reapOrphan('ssh', $process);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Kill orphaned `cloudflared access ssh` proxy processes. Each is spawned
+     * as the SSH ProxyCommand transport for a Cloudflare Tunnel server and must
+     * die with its parent ssh. When that ssh is killed or orphaned (e.g. a lost
+     * mux master), the cloudflared process can leak and accumulate. A legitimate
+     * proxy always has a live ssh parent; one without is safe to reap.
+     *
+     * Processes younger than the minimum age are skipped so a proxy whose parent
+     * ssh is still starting up, or a transient `ssh -O check` proxy mid-exit, is
+     * never mistaken for an orphan.
+     */
+    private function cleanupOrphanedCloudflaredProcesses(): void
+    {
+        $minAge = (int) config('constants.ssh.mux_orphan_min_age');
+        $processes = $this->listProcesses();
+
+        $sshPids = [];
+        foreach ($processes as $process) {
+            // The ssh binary itself, not `cloudflared access ssh` (space before ssh).
+            if (preg_match('#(^|/)ssh\s#', $process['args'])) {
+                $sshPids[$process['pid']] = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($processes as $process) {
+            // `cloudflared access ssh`, never the `cloudflared tunnel` daemon.
+            if (! str_contains($process['args'], 'cloudflared access ssh')) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Orphaned when no live ssh process is its parent.
+            if ($process['etimes'] >= $minAge && ! isset($sshPids[$process['ppid']])) {
+                $this->reapOrphan('cloudflared', $process);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reap a detected orphan process. When orphan reaping is disabled (the
+     * default), the orphan is only logged — a dry-run mode that lets operators
+     * verify what would be killed before enabling it for real.
+     *
+     * @param  array{pid: string, ppid: string, etimes: int, args: string}  $process
+     */
+    private function reapOrphan(string $kind, array $process): void
+    {
+        if (! config('constants.ssh.mux_orphan_reap_enabled')) {
+            Log::info("Orphaned {$kind} process detected (dry-run, not killed)", [
+                'pid' => $process['pid'],
+                'etimes' => $process['etimes'],
+                'command' => $process['args'],
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Process::run('kill '.escapeshellarg($process['pid']));
+        Log::info("Killed orphaned {$kind} process", [
+            'pid' => $process['pid'],
+            'etimes' => $process['etimes'],
+            'command' => $process['args'],
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Snapshot of running processes.
+     *
+     * @return list<array{pid: string, ppid: string, etimes: int, args: string}>
+     */
+    private function listProcesses(): array
+    {
+        $ps = Process::run('ps -ww -eo pid=,ppid=,etimes=,args=');
+        if ($ps->exitCode() !== 0) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        $processes = [];
+        foreach (explode("\n", trim($ps->output())) as $line) {
+            if (! preg_match('/^\s*(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(.*)$/', $line, $matches)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            $processes[] = [
+                'pid' => $matches[1],
+                'ppid' => $matches[2],
+                'etimes' => (int) $matches[3],
+                'args' => $matches[4],
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $processes;
     }
 
     private function cleanupStaleConnections()
@@ -31,7 +158,7 @@ class CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections implements ShouldQueue
             $server = Server::where('uuid', $serverUuid)->first();
 
             if (! $server) {
-                $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile);
+                $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile, 'server_not_found');
 
                 continue;
             }
@@ -41,14 +168,14 @@ class CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections implements ShouldQueue
             $checkProcess = Process::run($checkCommand);
 
             if ($checkProcess->exitCode() !== 0) {
-                $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile);
+                $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile, 'connection_check_failed');
             } else {
                 $muxContent = Storage::disk('ssh-mux')->get($muxFile);
                 $establishedAt = Carbon::parse(substr($muxContent, 37));
                 $expirationTime = $establishedAt->addSeconds(config('constants.ssh.mux_persist_time'));
 
                 if (Carbon::now()->isAfter($expirationTime)) {
-                    $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile);
+                    $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile, 'expired');
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -62,7 +189,7 @@ class CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections implements ShouldQueue
         foreach ($muxFiles as $muxFile) {
             $serverUuid = $this->extractServerUuidFromMuxFile($muxFile);
             if (! in_array($serverUuid, $existingServerUuids)) {
-                $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile);
+                $this->removeMultiplexFile($muxFile, 'server_does_not_exist');
             }
         }
     }
@@ -72,11 +199,30 @@ class CleanupStaleMultiplexedConnections implements ShouldQueue
         return substr($muxFile, 4);
     }
 
-    private function removeMultiplexFile($muxFile)
+    /**
+     * Close and delete a stale mux socket file. When orphan reaping is disabled
+     * (the default), the file is only logged — a dry-run mode that lets operators
+     * verify what would be removed before enabling it for real.
+     */
+    private function removeMultiplexFile(string $muxFile, string $reason): void
     {
+        if (! config('constants.ssh.mux_orphan_reap_enabled')) {
+            Log::info('Stale mux file detected (dry-run, not removed)', [
+                'file' => $muxFile,
+                'reason' => $reason,
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
         $muxSocket = "/var/www/html/storage/app/ssh/mux/{$muxFile}";
         $closeCommand = "ssh -O exit -o ControlPath={$muxSocket} localhost 2>/dev/null";
         Process::run($closeCommand);
         Storage::disk('ssh-mux')->delete($muxFile);
+
+        Log::info('Removed stale mux file', [
+            'file' => $muxFile,
+            'reason' => $reason,
+        ]);
     }
 }

app/Jobs/DatabaseBackupJob.php

@@ -16,17 +16,18 @@ use App\Models\Team;
 use App\Notifications\Database\BackupFailed;
 use App\Notifications\Database\BackupSuccess;
 use App\Notifications\Database\BackupSuccessWithS3Warning;
+use App\Rules\SafeWebhookUrl;
 use Carbon\Carbon;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
+use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\WithoutOverlapping;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 use Throwable;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -76,10 +77,17 @@ class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public function __construct(public ScheduledDatabaseBackup $backup)
     {
-        $this->onQueue('high');
+        $this->onQueue(crons_queue());
         $this->timeout = $backup->timeout ?? 3600;
     }
 
+    public function middleware(): array
+    {
+        $expireAfter = ($this->backup->timeout ?? 3600) + 300;
+
+        return [(new WithoutOverlapping('database-backup-'.$this->backup->id))->expireAfter($expireAfter)->dontRelease()];
+    }
+
     public function handle(): void
     {
         try {
@@ -107,6 +115,8 @@ class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                 throw new \Exception('Database not found?!');
             }
 
+            $this->markStaleExecutionsAsFailed();
+
             BackupCreated::dispatch($this->team->id);
 
             $status = str(data_get($this->database, 'status'));
@@ -299,7 +309,7 @@ class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                 // Generate unique UUID for each database backup execution
                 $attempts = 0;
                 do {
-                    $this->backup_log_uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
+                    $this->backup_log_uuid = new_public_id();
                     $exists = ScheduledDatabaseBackupExecution::where('uuid', $this->backup_log_uuid)->exists();
                     $attempts++;
                     if ($attempts >= 3 && $exists) {
@@ -658,12 +668,14 @@ class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
     private function upload_to_s3(): void
     {
         if (is_null($this->s3)) {
+            $previousS3StorageId = $this->backup->s3_storage_id;
+
             $this->backup->update([
                 'save_s3' => false,
                 's3_storage_id' => null,
             ]);
 
-            throw new \Exception('S3 storage configuration is missing or has been deleted (S3 storage ID: '.($this->backup->s3_storage_id ?? 'null').'). S3 backup has been disabled for this schedule.');
+            throw new \Exception('S3 storage configuration is missing or has been deleted (S3 storage ID: '.($previousS3StorageId ?? 'null').'). S3 backup has been disabled for this schedule.');
         }
 
         try {
@@ -703,9 +715,15 @@ class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             $escapedEndpoint = escapeshellarg($endpoint);
             $escapedKey = escapeshellarg($key);
             $escapedSecret = escapeshellarg($secret);
+            $escapedBackupLocation = escapeshellarg($this->backup_location);
+            $escapedS3Destination = escapeshellarg("temporary/{$bucket}{$this->backup_dir}/");
+            $resolveOptions = collect(SafeWebhookUrl::minioClientResolveOptions($endpoint))
+                ->map(fn (string $resolveOption): string => '--resolve '.escapeshellarg($resolveOption))
+                ->implode(' ');
+            $resolveOptions = $resolveOptions === '' ? '' : ' '.$resolveOptions;
 
-            $commands[] = "docker exec backup-of-{$this->backup_log_uuid} mc alias set temporary {$escapedEndpoint} {$escapedKey} {$escapedSecret}";
-            $commands[] = "docker exec backup-of-{$this->backup_log_uuid} mc cp $this->backup_location temporary/$bucket{$this->backup_dir}/";
+            $commands[] = "docker exec backup-of-{$this->backup_log_uuid} mc alias set{$resolveOptions} temporary {$escapedEndpoint} {$escapedKey} {$escapedSecret}";
+            $commands[] = "docker exec backup-of-{$this->backup_log_uuid} mc cp {$escapedBackupLocation} {$escapedS3Destination}";
             instant_remote_process($commands, $this->server, true, false, null, disableMultiplexing: true);
 
             $this->s3_uploaded = true;
@@ -721,12 +739,37 @@ class DatabaseBackupJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     private function getFullImageName(): string
     {
-        $helperImage = config('constants.coolify.helper_image');
+        $helperImage = coolifyHelperImage();
         $latestVersion = getHelperVersion();
 
         return "{$helperImage}:{$latestVersion}";
     }
 
+    private function markStaleExecutionsAsFailed(): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $timeoutSeconds = ($this->backup->timeout ?? 3600) * 2;
+
+            $staleExecutions = $this->backup->executions()
+                ->where('status', 'running')
+                ->where('created_at', '<', now()->subSeconds($timeoutSeconds))
+                ->get();
+
+            foreach ($staleExecutions as $execution) {
+                $execution->update([
+                    'status' => 'failed',
+                    'message' => 'Marked as failed - backup execution exceeded maximum allowed time',
+                    'finished_at' => now(),
+                ]);
+            }
+        } catch (Throwable $e) {
+            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->warning('Failed to clean up stale backup executions', [
+                'backup_id' => $this->backup->uuid,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
+    }
+
     public function failed(?Throwable $exception): void
     {
         Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('DatabaseBackup permanently failed', [

app/Jobs/ProcessGithubPullRequestWebhook.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ namespace App\Jobs;
 
 use App\Actions\Application\CleanupPreviewDeployment;
 use App\Enums\ProcessStatus;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Webhook\Concerns\DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
 use App\Models\Application;
 use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use App\Models\GithubApp;
@@ -13,10 +14,11 @@ use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
-use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
+use Throwable;
 
 class ProcessGithubPullRequestWebhook implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
+    use DetectsSkipDeployCommits;
     use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
 
     public int $tries = 3;
@@ -31,11 +33,13 @@ class ProcessGithubPullRequestWebhook implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         public string $action,
         public int $pullRequestId,
         public string $pullRequestHtmlUrl,
+        public ?string $pullRequestTitle,
         public ?string $beforeSha,
         public ?string $afterSha,
         public string $commitSha,
         public ?string $authorAssociation,
         public string $fullName,
+        public bool $isForkPullRequest = false,
     ) {
         $this->onQueue('high');
     }
@@ -67,25 +71,48 @@ class ProcessGithubPullRequestWebhook implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             ->first();
 
         if ($found) {
-            ApplicationPullRequestUpdateJob::dispatchSync(
-                application: $application,
-                preview: $found,
-                status: ProcessStatus::CLOSED
-            );
-
-            CleanupPreviewDeployment::run($application, $this->pullRequestId, $found);
+            try {
+                $this->dispatchPullRequestClosedUpdate($application, $found);
+            } catch (Throwable $e) {
+                report($e);
+            } finally {
+                CleanupPreviewDeployment::run($application, $this->pullRequestId, $found);
+            }
         }
     }
 
+    protected function dispatchPullRequestClosedUpdate(Application $application, ApplicationPreview $preview): void
+    {
+        ApplicationPullRequestUpdateJob::dispatchSync(
+            application: $application,
+            preview: $preview,
+            status: ProcessStatus::CLOSED
+        );
+    }
+
     private function handleOpenAction(Application $application, ?GithubApp $githubApp): void
     {
         if (! $application->isPRDeployable()) {
             return;
         }
 
+        if (self::shouldSkipDeployAny([$this->pullRequestTitle])) {
+            return;
+        }
+
         // Check if PR deployments from public contributors are restricted
         if (! $application->settings->is_pr_deployments_public_enabled) {
-            $trustedAssociations = ['OWNER', 'MEMBER', 'COLLABORATOR', 'CONTRIBUTOR'];
+            // Fork PRs carry untrusted code from a repository outside our control.
+            // GitHub's author_association cannot be trusted to gate these (it grants
+            // CONTRIBUTOR to anyone who has merely opened an issue/PR before), so fork
+            // PRs are never deployed automatically when public previews are off.
+            if ($this->isForkPullRequest) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Same-repo (non-fork) branch PRs require push access to the base repo,
+            // so only trusted associations are allowed to trigger a deployment.
+            $trustedAssociations = ['OWNER', 'MEMBER', 'COLLABORATOR'];
             if (! in_array($this->authorAssociation, $trustedAssociations)) {
                 return;
             }
@@ -138,7 +165,7 @@ class ProcessGithubPullRequestWebhook implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         }
 
         // Queue the deployment
-        $deployment_uuid = new Cuid2;
+        $deployment_uuid = new_public_id();
         queue_application_deployment(
             application: $application,
             pull_request_id: $this->pullRequestId,

app/Jobs/PushServerUpdateJob.php

@@ -13,6 +13,16 @@ use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
 use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Models\ServiceApplication;
 use App\Models\ServiceDatabase;
+use App\Models\StandaloneClickhouse;
+use App\Models\StandaloneDocker;
+use App\Models\StandaloneDragonfly;
+use App\Models\StandaloneKeydb;
+use App\Models\StandaloneMariadb;
+use App\Models\StandaloneMongodb;
+use App\Models\StandaloneMysql;
+use App\Models\StandalonePostgresql;
+use App\Models\StandaloneRedis;
+use App\Models\SwarmDocker;
 use App\Notifications\Container\ContainerRestarted;
 use App\Services\ContainerStatusAggregator;
 use App\Traits\CalculatesExcludedStatus;
@@ -25,6 +35,7 @@ use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\WithoutOverlapping;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
 use Laravel\Horizon\Contracts\Silenced;
 
 class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
@@ -46,6 +57,18 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
 
     public Collection $services;
 
+    public Collection $applicationsById;
+
+    public Collection $previewsByKey;
+
+    public Collection $databasesByUuid;
+
+    public Collection $servicesById;
+
+    public Collection $serviceApplicationsById;
+
+    public Collection $serviceDatabasesById;
+
     public Collection $allApplicationIds;
 
     public Collection $allDatabaseUuids;
@@ -78,6 +101,8 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
 
     public bool $foundLogDrainContainer = false;
 
+    private ?array $cachedDestinationIds = null;
+
     public function middleware(): array
     {
         return [(new WithoutOverlapping('push-server-update-'.$this->server->uuid))->expireAfter(30)->dontRelease()];
@@ -103,6 +128,12 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         $this->allTcpProxyUuids = collect();
         $this->allServiceApplicationIds = collect();
         $this->allServiceDatabaseIds = collect();
+        $this->applicationsById = collect();
+        $this->previewsByKey = collect();
+        $this->databasesByUuid = collect();
+        $this->servicesById = collect();
+        $this->serviceApplicationsById = collect();
+        $this->serviceDatabasesById = collect();
     }
 
     public function handle()
@@ -120,6 +151,16 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         $this->allTcpProxyUuids ??= collect();
         $this->allServiceApplicationIds ??= collect();
         $this->allServiceDatabaseIds ??= collect();
+        $this->applicationsById ??= collect();
+        $this->previewsByKey ??= collect();
+        $this->databasesByUuid ??= collect();
+        $this->servicesById ??= collect();
+        $this->serviceApplicationsById ??= collect();
+        $this->serviceDatabasesById ??= collect();
+
+        // Eager-load relations the job touches repeatedly to avoid lazy-load queries
+        // (settings: disk threshold, isProxyShouldRun, isLogDrainEnabled; team: notifications).
+        $this->server->loadMissing(['settings', 'team']);
 
         // TODO: Swarm is not supported yet
         if (! $this->data) {
@@ -127,30 +168,40 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         }
         $data = collect($this->data);
 
-        $this->server->sentinelHeartbeat();
-
+        // Heartbeat is updated by SentinelController on every push, before dispatch.
         $this->containers = collect(data_get($data, 'containers'));
         $filesystemUsageRoot = data_get($data, 'filesystem_usage_root.used_percentage');
 
-        // Only dispatch storage check when disk percentage actually changes
+        // Only dispatch the storage check when disk usage is at/above the notification
+        // threshold AND the value changed. Below the threshold ServerStorageCheckJob
+        // has nothing to do (it only sends a HighDiskUsage notification), so dispatching
+        // it is wasted work — and most servers sit well below the threshold.
+        $diskThreshold = data_get($this->server, 'settings.server_disk_usage_notification_threshold', 80);
         $storageCacheKey = 'storage-check:'.$this->server->id;
         $lastPercentage = Cache::get($storageCacheKey);
-        if ($lastPercentage === null || (string) $lastPercentage !== (string) $filesystemUsageRoot) {
+        if ($filesystemUsageRoot !== null
+            && $filesystemUsageRoot >= $diskThreshold
+            && (string) $lastPercentage !== (string) $filesystemUsageRoot) {
             Cache::put($storageCacheKey, $filesystemUsageRoot, 600);
             ServerStorageCheckJob::dispatch($this->server, $filesystemUsageRoot);
+        } elseif ($filesystemUsageRoot !== null && $filesystemUsageRoot < $diskThreshold) {
+            Cache::forget($storageCacheKey);
         }
 
         if ($this->containers->isEmpty()) {
             return;
         }
 
-        $this->applications = $this->server->applications();
-        $this->databases = $this->server->databases();
-        $this->previews = $this->server->previews();
-        // Eager load service applications and databases to avoid N+1 queries
-        $this->services = $this->server->services()
-            ->with(['applications:id,service_id', 'databases:id,service_id'])
-            ->get();
+        $this->applications = $this->loadApplications();
+        $this->databases = $this->loadDatabases();
+        $this->previews = $this->loadPreviews();
+        $this->services = $this->loadServices();
+        $this->applicationsById = $this->applications->keyBy(fn ($application) => (string) $application->id);
+        $this->previewsByKey = $this->previews->keyBy(fn ($preview) => $preview->application_id.':'.$preview->pull_request_id);
+        $this->databasesByUuid = $this->databases->keyBy('uuid');
+        $this->servicesById = $this->services->keyBy(fn ($service) => (string) $service->id);
+        $this->serviceApplicationsById = $this->services->flatMap(fn ($service) => $service->applications)->keyBy(fn ($application) => (string) $application->id);
+        $this->serviceDatabasesById = $this->services->flatMap(fn ($service) => $service->databases)->keyBy(fn ($database) => (string) $database->id);
 
         $this->allApplicationIds = $this->applications->filter(function ($application) {
             return $application->additional_servers_count === 0;
@@ -163,9 +214,8 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         });
         $this->allDatabaseUuids = $this->databases->pluck('uuid');
         $this->allTcpProxyUuids = $this->databases->where('is_public', true)->pluck('uuid');
-        // Use eager-loaded relationships instead of querying in loop
-        $this->allServiceApplicationIds = $this->services->flatMap(fn ($service) => $service->applications->pluck('id'));
-        $this->allServiceDatabaseIds = $this->services->flatMap(fn ($service) => $service->databases->pluck('id'));
+        $this->allServiceApplicationIds = $this->serviceApplicationsById->keys();
+        $this->allServiceDatabaseIds = $this->serviceDatabasesById->keys();
 
         foreach ($this->containers as $container) {
             $containerStatus = data_get($container, 'state', 'exited');
@@ -279,6 +329,151 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         $this->checkLogDrainContainer();
     }
 
+    private function loadApplications(): Collection
+    {
+        [$standaloneDockerIds, $swarmDockerIds] = $this->serverDestinationIds();
+
+        $applications = ($standaloneDockerIds->isNotEmpty() || $swarmDockerIds->isNotEmpty())
+            ? Application::withoutGlobalScope('withRelations')
+                ->select([
+                    'id',
+                    'uuid',
+                    'name',
+                    'status',
+                    'build_pack',
+                    'docker_compose_raw',
+                    'destination_id',
+                    'destination_type',
+                    'last_online_at',
+                ])
+                ->withCount('additional_servers')
+                ->where(fn ($query) => $this->scopeDestination($query, $standaloneDockerIds, $swarmDockerIds))
+                ->get()
+            : collect();
+
+        $additionalApplicationIds = DB::table('additional_destinations')
+            ->where('server_id', $this->server->id)
+            ->pluck('application_id');
+
+        if ($additionalApplicationIds->isNotEmpty()) {
+            $applications = $applications->concat(
+                Application::withoutGlobalScope('withRelations')
+                    ->select([
+                        'id',
+                        'uuid',
+                        'name',
+                        'status',
+                        'build_pack',
+                        'docker_compose_raw',
+                        'destination_id',
+                        'destination_type',
+                        'last_online_at',
+                    ])
+                    ->withCount('additional_servers')
+                    ->whereIn('id', $additionalApplicationIds)
+                    ->get()
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $applications->unique('id')->values();
+    }
+
+    private function loadPreviews(): Collection
+    {
+        $applicationIds = $this->applications->pluck('id');
+
+        if ($applicationIds->isEmpty()) {
+            return collect();
+        }
+
+        return ApplicationPreview::query()
+            ->select([
+                'id',
+                'application_id',
+                'pull_request_id',
+                'status',
+                'last_online_at',
+            ])
+            ->whereIn('application_id', $applicationIds)
+            ->get();
+    }
+
+    private function loadServices(): Collection
+    {
+        return $this->server->services()
+            ->select([
+                'id',
+                'server_id',
+                'uuid',
+                'docker_compose_raw',
+            ])
+            ->with([
+                'applications:id,service_id,status,last_online_at',
+                'databases:id,service_id,status,last_online_at,is_public,name',
+            ])
+            ->get();
+    }
+
+    private function loadDatabases(): Collection
+    {
+        [$standaloneDockerIds, $swarmDockerIds] = $this->serverDestinationIds();
+        if ($standaloneDockerIds->isEmpty() && $swarmDockerIds->isEmpty()) {
+            return collect();
+        }
+        $databaseColumns = [
+            'id',
+            'uuid',
+            'name',
+            'status',
+            'is_public',
+            'destination_id',
+            'destination_type',
+            'last_online_at',
+            'restart_count',
+            'last_restart_at',
+            'last_restart_type',
+        ];
+
+        return collect([
+            StandalonePostgresql::class,
+            StandaloneRedis::class,
+            StandaloneMongodb::class,
+            StandaloneMysql::class,
+            StandaloneMariadb::class,
+            StandaloneKeydb::class,
+            StandaloneDragonfly::class,
+            StandaloneClickhouse::class,
+        ])->flatMap(function (string $databaseClass) use ($databaseColumns, $standaloneDockerIds, $swarmDockerIds) {
+            return $databaseClass::query()
+                ->select($databaseColumns)
+                ->where(fn ($query) => $this->scopeDestination($query, $standaloneDockerIds, $swarmDockerIds))
+                ->get();
+        })->filter(fn ($database) => data_get($database, 'name') !== 'coolify-db')->values();
+    }
+
+    private function serverDestinationIds(): array
+    {
+        if ($this->cachedDestinationIds !== null) {
+            return $this->cachedDestinationIds;
+        }
+
+        return $this->cachedDestinationIds = [
+            StandaloneDocker::where('server_id', $this->server->id)->pluck('id'),
+            SwarmDocker::where('server_id', $this->server->id)->pluck('id'),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private function scopeDestination($query, Collection $standaloneDockerIds, Collection $swarmDockerIds): void
+    {
+        $query->where(function ($query) use ($standaloneDockerIds) {
+            $query->where('destination_type', StandaloneDocker::class)
+                ->whereIn('destination_id', $standaloneDockerIds);
+        })->orWhere(function ($query) use ($swarmDockerIds) {
+            $query->where('destination_type', SwarmDocker::class)
+                ->whereIn('destination_id', $swarmDockerIds);
+        });
+    }
+
     private function aggregateMultiContainerStatuses()
     {
         if ($this->applicationContainerStatuses->isEmpty()) {
@@ -286,7 +481,7 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         }
 
         foreach ($this->applicationContainerStatuses as $applicationId => $containerStatuses) {
-            $application = $this->applications->where('id', $applicationId)->first();
+            $application = $this->applicationsById->get((string) $applicationId);
             if (! $application) {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -307,8 +502,6 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
                 if ($aggregatedStatus && $application->status !== $aggregatedStatus) {
                     $application->status = $aggregatedStatus;
                     $application->save();
-                } elseif ($aggregatedStatus) {
-                    $application->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
                 }
 
                 continue;
@@ -323,8 +516,6 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
             if ($aggregatedStatus && $application->status !== $aggregatedStatus) {
                 $application->status = $aggregatedStatus;
                 $application->save();
-            } elseif ($aggregatedStatus) {
-                $application->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -343,7 +534,7 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
                 continue;
             }
 
-            $service = $this->services->where('id', $serviceId)->first();
+            $service = $this->servicesById->get((string) $serviceId);
             if (! $service) {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -351,9 +542,9 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
             // Get the service sub-resource (ServiceApplication or ServiceDatabase)
             $subResource = null;
             if ($subType === 'application') {
-                $subResource = $service->applications->where('id', $subId)->first();
+                $subResource = $this->serviceApplicationsById->get((string) $subId);
             } elseif ($subType === 'database') {
-                $subResource = $service->databases->where('id', $subId)->first();
+                $subResource = $this->serviceDatabasesById->get((string) $subId);
             }
 
             if (! $subResource) {
@@ -375,8 +566,6 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
                 if ($aggregatedStatus && $subResource->status !== $aggregatedStatus) {
                     $subResource->status = $aggregatedStatus;
                     $subResource->save();
-                } elseif ($aggregatedStatus) {
-                    $subResource->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
                 }
 
                 continue;
@@ -392,39 +581,31 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
             if ($aggregatedStatus && $subResource->status !== $aggregatedStatus) {
                 $subResource->status = $aggregatedStatus;
                 $subResource->save();
-            } elseif ($aggregatedStatus) {
-                $subResource->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
             }
         }
     }
 
     private function updateApplicationStatus(string $applicationId, string $containerStatus)
     {
-        $application = $this->applications->where('id', $applicationId)->first();
+        $application = $this->applicationsById->get((string) $applicationId);
         if (! $application) {
             return;
         }
         if ($application->status !== $containerStatus) {
             $application->status = $containerStatus;
             $application->save();
-        } else {
-            $application->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
         }
     }
 
     private function updateApplicationPreviewStatus(string $applicationId, string $pullRequestId, string $containerStatus)
     {
-        $application = $this->previews->where('application_id', $applicationId)
-            ->where('pull_request_id', $pullRequestId)
-            ->first();
+        $application = $this->previewsByKey->get($applicationId.':'.$pullRequestId);
         if (! $application) {
             return;
         }
         if ($application->status !== $containerStatus) {
             $application->status = $containerStatus;
             $application->save();
-        } else {
-            $application->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
         }
     }
 
@@ -472,9 +653,7 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
             $applicationId = $parts[0];
             $pullRequestId = $parts[1];
 
-            $applicationPreview = $this->previews->where('application_id', $applicationId)
-                ->where('pull_request_id', $pullRequestId)
-                ->first();
+            $applicationPreview = $this->previewsByKey->get($applicationId.':'.$pullRequestId);
 
             if ($applicationPreview && ! str($applicationPreview->status)->startsWith('exited')) {
                 $previewIdsToUpdate->push($applicationPreview->id);
@@ -500,11 +679,11 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
                 } catch (\Throwable $e) {
                 }
             } else {
-                // Connect proxy to networks periodically (every 10 min) to avoid excessive job dispatches.
+                // Connect proxy to networks periodically as a safety net to avoid excessive job dispatches.
                 // On-demand triggers (new network, service deploy) use dispatchSync() and bypass this.
                 $proxyCacheKey = 'connect-proxy:'.$this->server->id;
                 if (! Cache::has($proxyCacheKey)) {
-                    Cache::put($proxyCacheKey, true, 600);
+                    Cache::put($proxyCacheKey, true, config('constants.proxy.connect_networks_interval_seconds', 3600));
                     ConnectProxyToNetworksJob::dispatch($this->server);
                 }
             }
@@ -513,15 +692,13 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
 
     private function updateDatabaseStatus(string $databaseUuid, string $containerStatus, bool $tcpProxy = false)
     {
-        $database = $this->databases->where('uuid', $databaseUuid)->first();
+        $database = $this->databasesByUuid->get($databaseUuid);
         if (! $database) {
             return;
         }
         if ($database->status !== $containerStatus) {
             $database->status = $containerStatus;
             $database->save();
-        } else {
-            $database->update(['last_online_at' => now()]);
         }
         if ($this->isRunning($containerStatus) && $tcpProxy) {
             $tcpProxyContainerFound = $this->containers->filter(function ($value, $key) use ($databaseUuid) {
@@ -556,7 +733,7 @@ class PushServerUpdateJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue, Silenced
         }
 
         $notFoundDatabaseUuids->each(function ($databaseUuid) {
-            $database = $this->databases->where('uuid', $databaseUuid)->first();
+            $database = $this->databasesByUuid->get($databaseUuid);
             if ($database) {
                 if (! str($database->status)->startsWith('exited')) {
                     $database->update([

app/Jobs/ScheduledJobManager.php

@@ -6,14 +6,15 @@ use App\Models\ScheduledDatabaseBackup;
 use App\Models\ScheduledTask;
 use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Models\Team;
+use Cron\CronExpression;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\WithoutOverlapping;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;
-use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Redis;
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@ class ScheduledJobManager implements ShouldQueue
 {
     use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
 
+    private const CHUNK_SIZE = 100;
+
     /**
      * The time when this job execution started.
      * Used to ensure all scheduled items are evaluated against the same point in time.
@@ -37,17 +40,7 @@ class ScheduledJobManager implements ShouldQueue
      */
     public function __construct()
     {
-        $this->onQueue($this->determineQueue());
-    }
-
-    private function determineQueue(): string
-    {
-        $preferredQueue = 'crons';
-        $fallbackQueue = 'high';
-
-        $configuredQueues = explode(',', env('HORIZON_QUEUES', 'high,default'));
-
-        return in_array($preferredQueue, $configuredQueues) ? $preferredQueue : $fallbackQueue;
+        $this->onQueue(crons_queue());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -106,21 +99,11 @@ class ScheduledJobManager implements ShouldQueue
             'execution_time' => $this->executionTime->toIso8601String(),
         ]);
 
-        // Process backups - don't let failures stop task processing
+        // Process scheduled backups and tasks together so neither type starves the other.
         try {
-            $this->processScheduledBackups();
+            $this->processScheduledBackupsAndTasks();
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Failed to process scheduled backups', [
-                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
-                'trace' => $e->getTraceAsString(),
-            ]);
-        }
-
-        // Process tasks - don't let failures stop the job manager
-        try {
-            $this->processScheduledTasks();
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Failed to process scheduled tasks', [
+            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Failed to process scheduled backups and tasks', [
                 'error' => $e->getMessage(),
                 'trace' => $e->getTraceAsString(),
             ]);
@@ -151,125 +134,211 @@ class ScheduledJobManager implements ShouldQueue
         }
     }
 
-    private function processScheduledBackups(): void
+    private function processScheduledBackupsAndTasks(): void
     {
-        $backups = ScheduledDatabaseBackup::with(['database'])
+        $lastBackupId = 0;
+        $lastTaskId = 0;
+
+        do {
+            $backups = $this->scheduledBackupQuery($lastBackupId)->get();
+            $tasks = $this->scheduledTaskQuery($lastTaskId)->get();
+
+            if ($backups->isNotEmpty()) {
+                $lastBackupId = $backups->last()->id;
+            }
+
+            if ($tasks->isNotEmpty()) {
+                $lastTaskId = $tasks->last()->id;
+            }
+
+            $this->processInterleavedDueSchedules(
+                $this->dueScheduledBackups($backups),
+                $this->dueScheduledTasks($tasks),
+            );
+        } while ($backups->isNotEmpty() || $tasks->isNotEmpty());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  array<int, array{backup: ScheduledDatabaseBackup, server: Server}>  $dueBackups
+     * @param  array<int, array{task: ScheduledTask, server: Server}>  $dueTasks
+     */
+    private function processInterleavedDueSchedules(array $dueBackups, array $dueTasks): void
+    {
+        $maxCount = max(count($dueBackups), count($dueTasks));
+
+        for ($index = 0; $index < $maxCount; $index++) {
+            if (isset($dueBackups[$index])) {
+                $this->processScheduledBackup($dueBackups[$index]['backup'], $dueBackups[$index]['server']);
+            }
+
+            if (isset($dueTasks[$index])) {
+                $this->processScheduledTask($dueTasks[$index]['task'], $dueTasks[$index]['server']);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function scheduledBackupQuery(int $lastBackupId): Builder
+    {
+        return ScheduledDatabaseBackup::with(['database', 'team.subscription'])
             ->where('enabled', true)
-            ->get();
+            ->where('id', '>', $lastBackupId)
+            ->orderBy('id')
+            ->limit(self::CHUNK_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    private function scheduledTaskQuery(int $lastTaskId): Builder
+    {
+        return ScheduledTask::with([
+            'service.destination.server.settings',
+            'service.destination.server.team.subscription',
+            'application.destination.server.settings',
+            'application.destination.server.team.subscription',
+        ])
+            ->where('enabled', true)
+            ->where('id', '>', $lastTaskId)
+            ->orderBy('id')
+            ->limit(self::CHUNK_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  iterable<ScheduledDatabaseBackup>  $backups
+     * @return array<int, array{backup: ScheduledDatabaseBackup, server: Server}>
+     */
+    private function dueScheduledBackups(iterable $backups): array
+    {
+        $dueBackups = [];
 
         foreach ($backups as $backup) {
             try {
                 $server = $backup->server();
-                $skipReason = $this->getBackupSkipReason($backup, $server);
-                if ($skipReason !== null) {
-                    $this->skippedCount++;
-                    $this->logSkip('backup', $skipReason, [
-                        'backup_id' => $backup->id,
-                        'database_id' => $backup->database_id,
-                        'database_type' => $backup->database_type,
-                        'team_id' => $backup->team_id ?? null,
-                    ]);
+
+                if (blank(data_get($backup, 'database')) || blank($server)) {
+                    $this->processScheduledBackup($backup, $server);
 
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                $serverTimezone = data_get($server->settings, 'server_timezone', config('app.timezone'));
-
-                if (validate_timezone($serverTimezone) === false) {
-                    $serverTimezone = config('app.timezone');
-                }
-
-                $frequency = $backup->frequency;
-                if (isset(VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency])) {
-                    $frequency = VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency];
-                }
-
-                if (shouldRunCronNow($frequency, $serverTimezone, "scheduled-backup:{$backup->id}", $this->executionTime)) {
-                    DatabaseBackupJob::dispatch($backup);
-                    $this->dispatchedCount++;
-                    Log::channel('scheduled')->info('Backup dispatched', [
-                        'backup_id' => $backup->id,
-                        'database_id' => $backup->database_id,
-                        'database_type' => $backup->database_type,
-                        'team_id' => $backup->team_id ?? null,
-                        'server_id' => $server->id,
-                    ]);
+                if ($this->isDueCandidateBeforeExpensiveChecks($backup->frequency, $server, "scheduled-backup:{$backup->id}")) {
+                    $dueBackups[] = [
+                        'backup' => $backup,
+                        'server' => $server,
+                    ];
                 }
             } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error processing backup', [
+                Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error prechecking backup', [
                     'backup_id' => $backup->id,
                     'error' => $e->getMessage(),
                 ]);
             }
         }
+
+        return $dueBackups;
     }
 
-    private function processScheduledTasks(): void
+    /**
+     * @param  iterable<ScheduledTask>  $tasks
+     * @return array<int, array{task: ScheduledTask, server: Server}>
+     */
+    private function dueScheduledTasks(iterable $tasks): array
     {
-        $tasks = ScheduledTask::with(['service', 'application'])
-            ->where('enabled', true)
-            ->get();
+        $dueTasks = [];
 
         foreach ($tasks as $task) {
             try {
                 $server = $task->server();
 
-                // Phase 1: Critical checks (always — cheap, handles orphans and infra issues)
-                $criticalSkip = $this->getTaskCriticalSkipReason($task, $server);
-                if ($criticalSkip !== null) {
-                    $this->skippedCount++;
-                    $this->logSkip('task', $criticalSkip, [
-                        'task_id' => $task->id,
-                        'task_name' => $task->name,
-                        'team_id' => $server?->team_id,
-                    ]);
+                if (blank($server) || (! $task->service && ! $task->application)) {
+                    $this->processScheduledTask($task, $server);
 
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                $serverTimezone = data_get($server->settings, 'server_timezone', config('app.timezone'));
-
-                if (validate_timezone($serverTimezone) === false) {
-                    $serverTimezone = config('app.timezone');
+                if ($this->isDueCandidateBeforeExpensiveChecks($task->frequency, $server, "scheduled-task:{$task->id}")) {
+                    $dueTasks[] = [
+                        'task' => $task,
+                        'server' => $server,
+                    ];
                 }
-
-                $frequency = $task->frequency;
-                if (isset(VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency])) {
-                    $frequency = VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency];
-                }
-
-                if (! shouldRunCronNow($frequency, $serverTimezone, "scheduled-task:{$task->id}", $this->executionTime)) {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                // Phase 2: Runtime checks (only when cron is due — avoids noise for stopped resources)
-                $runtimeSkip = $this->getTaskRuntimeSkipReason($task);
-                if ($runtimeSkip !== null) {
-                    $this->skippedCount++;
-                    $this->logSkip('task', $runtimeSkip, [
-                        'task_id' => $task->id,
-                        'task_name' => $task->name,
-                        'team_id' => $server->team_id,
-                    ]);
-
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                ScheduledTaskJob::dispatch($task);
-                $this->dispatchedCount++;
-                Log::channel('scheduled')->info('Task dispatched', [
-                    'task_id' => $task->id,
-                    'task_name' => $task->name,
-                    'team_id' => $server->team_id,
-                    'server_id' => $server->id,
-                ]);
             } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error processing task', [
+                Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error prechecking task', [
                     'task_id' => $task->id,
                     'error' => $e->getMessage(),
                 ]);
             }
         }
+
+        return $dueTasks;
+    }
+
+    private function processScheduledBackup(ScheduledDatabaseBackup $backup, ?Server $precheckedServer = null): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $server = $precheckedServer ?? $backup->server();
+            $skipReason = $this->getBackupSkipReason($backup, $server);
+            if ($skipReason !== null) {
+                $this->skippedCount++;
+                $this->logBackupSkip($backup, $skipReason);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if ($this->shouldDispatch($backup->frequency, $server, "scheduled-backup:{$backup->id}")) {
+                DatabaseBackupJob::dispatch($backup);
+                $this->dispatchedCount++;
+                Log::channel('scheduled')->info('Backup dispatched', [
+                    'backup_id' => $backup->id,
+                    'database_id' => $backup->database_id,
+                    'database_type' => $backup->database_type,
+                    'team_id' => $backup->team_id ?? null,
+                    'server_id' => $server->id,
+                ]);
+            }
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error processing backup', [
+                'backup_id' => $backup->id,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function processScheduledTask(ScheduledTask $task, ?Server $precheckedServer = null): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $server = $precheckedServer ?? $task->server();
+            $criticalSkip = $this->getTaskCriticalSkipReason($task, $server);
+            if ($criticalSkip !== null) {
+                $this->skippedCount++;
+                $this->logTaskSkip($task, $criticalSkip, $server);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (! $this->shouldDispatch($task->frequency, $server, "scheduled-task:{$task->id}")) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $runtimeSkip = $this->getTaskRuntimeSkipReason($task);
+            if ($runtimeSkip !== null) {
+                $this->skippedCount++;
+                $this->logTaskSkip($task, $runtimeSkip, $server);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            ScheduledTaskJob::dispatch($task);
+            $this->dispatchedCount++;
+            Log::channel('scheduled')->info('Task dispatched', [
+                'task_id' => $task->id,
+                'task_name' => $task->name,
+                'team_id' => $server->team_id,
+                'server_id' => $server->id,
+            ]);
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error processing task', [
+                'task_id' => $task->id,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
     }
 
     private function getBackupSkipReason(ScheduledDatabaseBackup $backup, ?Server $server): ?string
@@ -337,71 +406,70 @@ class ScheduledJobManager implements ShouldQueue
 
     private function processDockerCleanups(): void
     {
-        // Get all servers that need cleanup checks
-        $servers = $this->getServersForCleanup();
-
-        foreach ($servers as $server) {
-            try {
-                $skipReason = $this->getDockerCleanupSkipReason($server);
-                if ($skipReason !== null) {
-                    $this->skippedCount++;
-                    $this->logSkip('docker_cleanup', $skipReason, [
-                        'server_id' => $server->id,
-                        'server_name' => $server->name,
-                        'team_id' => $server->team_id,
-                    ]);
-
-                    continue;
+        $this->getServersForCleanupQuery()
+            ->chunkById(self::CHUNK_SIZE, function ($servers): void {
+                foreach ($servers as $server) {
+                    $this->processDockerCleanup($server);
                 }
+            });
+    }
 
-                $serverTimezone = data_get($server->settings, 'server_timezone', config('app.timezone'));
-                if (validate_timezone($serverTimezone) === false) {
-                    $serverTimezone = config('app.timezone');
-                }
-
-                $frequency = data_get($server->settings, 'docker_cleanup_frequency', '0 * * * *');
-                if (isset(VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency])) {
-                    $frequency = VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency];
-                }
-
-                // Use the frozen execution time for consistent evaluation
-                if (shouldRunCronNow($frequency, $serverTimezone, "docker-cleanup:{$server->id}", $this->executionTime)) {
-                    DockerCleanupJob::dispatch(
-                        $server,
-                        false,
-                        $server->settings->delete_unused_volumes,
-                        $server->settings->delete_unused_networks
-                    );
-                    $this->dispatchedCount++;
-                    Log::channel('scheduled')->info('Docker cleanup dispatched', [
-                        'server_id' => $server->id,
-                        'server_name' => $server->name,
-                        'team_id' => $server->team_id,
-                    ]);
-                }
-            } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error processing docker cleanup', [
+    private function processDockerCleanup(Server $server): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $skipReason = $this->getDockerCleanupSkipReason($server);
+            if ($skipReason !== null) {
+                $this->skippedCount++;
+                $this->logSkip('docker_cleanup', $skipReason, [
                     'server_id' => $server->id,
                     'server_name' => $server->name,
-                    'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+                    'team_id' => $server->team_id,
+                ]);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $frequency = data_get($server->settings, 'docker_cleanup_frequency', '0 * * * *');
+
+            if ($this->shouldDispatch($frequency, $server, "docker-cleanup:{$server->id}")) {
+                DockerCleanupJob::dispatch(
+                    $server,
+                    false,
+                    $server->settings->delete_unused_volumes,
+                    $server->settings->delete_unused_networks
+                );
+                $this->dispatchedCount++;
+                Log::channel('scheduled')->info('Docker cleanup dispatched', [
+                    'server_id' => $server->id,
+                    'server_name' => $server->name,
+                    'team_id' => $server->team_id,
                 ]);
             }
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Error processing docker cleanup', [
+                'server_id' => $server->id,
+                'server_name' => $server->name,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
         }
     }
 
-    private function getServersForCleanup(): Collection
+    private function getServersForCleanupQuery(): Builder
     {
         $query = Server::with('settings')
             ->where('ip', '!=', '1.2.3.4');
 
         if (isCloud()) {
-            $servers = $query->whereRelation('team.subscription', 'stripe_invoice_paid', true)->get();
-            $own = Team::find(0)->servers()->with('settings')->get();
-
-            return $servers->merge($own);
+            $query
+                ->with('team.subscription')
+                ->where(function (Builder $query): void {
+                    $query
+                        ->where('team_id', 0)
+                        ->orWhereRelation('team.subscription', 'stripe_invoice_paid', true);
+                });
         }
 
-        return $query->get();
+        return $query;
     }
 
     private function getDockerCleanupSkipReason(Server $server): ?string
@@ -428,4 +496,71 @@ class ScheduledJobManager implements ShouldQueue
             'execution_time' => $this->executionTime?->toIso8601String(),
         ], $context));
     }
+
+    private function shouldDispatch(string $frequency, Server $server, string $dedupKey): bool
+    {
+        return shouldRunCronNow(
+            $this->normalizeFrequency($frequency),
+            $this->serverTimezone($server),
+            $dedupKey,
+            $this->executionTime,
+        );
+    }
+
+    private function isDueCandidateBeforeExpensiveChecks(string $frequency, Server $server, string $dedupKey): bool
+    {
+        $cron = new CronExpression($this->normalizeFrequency($frequency));
+        $executionTime = ($this->executionTime ?? Carbon::now())->copy()->setTimezone($this->serverTimezone($server));
+        $lastDispatched = Cache::get($dedupKey);
+        $previousDue = Carbon::instance($cron->getPreviousRunDate($executionTime, allowCurrentDate: true));
+
+        if ($lastDispatched === null) {
+            $isDue = $cron->isDue($executionTime);
+
+            if (! $isDue) {
+                Cache::put($dedupKey, $previousDue->toIso8601String(), 2592000);
+            }
+
+            return $isDue;
+        }
+
+        $shouldFire = $previousDue->gt(Carbon::parse($lastDispatched));
+
+        if (! $shouldFire) {
+            Cache::put($dedupKey, $previousDue->toIso8601String(), 2592000);
+        }
+
+        return $shouldFire;
+    }
+
+    private function normalizeFrequency(string $frequency): string
+    {
+        return VALID_CRON_STRINGS[$frequency] ?? $frequency;
+    }
+
+    private function serverTimezone(Server $server): string
+    {
+        $timezone = data_get($server->settings, 'server_timezone', config('app.timezone'));
+
+        return validate_timezone($timezone) ? $timezone : config('app.timezone');
+    }
+
+    private function logBackupSkip(ScheduledDatabaseBackup $backup, string $reason): void
+    {
+        $this->logSkip('backup', $reason, [
+            'backup_id' => $backup->id,
+            'database_id' => $backup->database_id,
+            'database_type' => $backup->database_type,
+            'team_id' => $backup->team_id ?? null,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    private function logTaskSkip(ScheduledTask $task, string $reason, ?Server $server): void
+    {
+        $this->logSkip('task', $reason, [
+            'task_id' => $task->id,
+            'task_name' => $task->name,
+            'team_id' => $server?->team_id,
+        ]);
+    }
 }

app/Jobs/ScheduledTaskJob.php

@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ class ScheduledTaskJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
      */
     public $timeout = 300;
 
-    public Team $team;
+    public ?Team $team = null;
 
     public ?Server $server = null;
 
     public ScheduledTask $task;
 
-    public Application|Service $resource;
+    public Application|Service|null $resource = null;
 
     public ?ScheduledTaskExecution $task_log = null;
 
@@ -61,25 +61,34 @@ class ScheduledTaskJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public array $containers = [];
 
-    public string $server_timezone;
+    public string $server_timezone = 'UTC';
 
-    public function __construct($task)
+    public function __construct(ScheduledTask $task)
     {
-        $this->onQueue('high');
+        $this->onQueue(crons_queue());
 
         $this->task = $task;
-        if ($service = $task->service()->first()) {
-            $this->resource = $service;
-        } elseif ($application = $task->application()->first()) {
-            $this->resource = $application;
+        $this->timeout = $this->task->timeout ?? 300;
+    }
+
+    private function initializeExecutionContext(): void
+    {
+        $this->task->loadMissing([
+            'service.destination.server.settings',
+            'application.destination.server.settings',
+        ]);
+
+        if ($this->task->service) {
+            $this->resource = $this->task->service;
+        } elseif ($this->task->application) {
+            $this->resource = $this->task->application;
         } else {
             throw new \RuntimeException('ScheduledTaskJob failed: No resource found.');
         }
-        $this->team = Team::findOrFail($task->team_id);
-        $this->server_timezone = $this->getServerTimezone();
 
-        // Set timeout from task configuration
-        $this->timeout = $this->task->timeout ?? 300;
+        $this->team = Team::findOrFail($this->task->team_id);
+        $this->server_timezone = $this->getServerTimezone();
+        $this->server = $this->resource->destination->server;
     }
 
     private function getServerTimezone(): string
@@ -98,6 +107,8 @@ class ScheduledTaskJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         $startTime = Carbon::now();
 
         try {
+            $this->initializeExecutionContext();
+
             $this->task_log = ScheduledTaskExecution::create([
                 'scheduled_task_id' => $this->task->id,
                 'started_at' => $startTime,
@@ -107,8 +118,6 @@ class ScheduledTaskJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             // Store execution ID for timeout handling
             $this->executionId = $this->task_log->id;
 
-            $this->server = $this->resource->destination->server;
-
             if ($this->resource->type() === 'application') {
                 $containers = getCurrentApplicationContainerStatus($this->server, $this->resource->id, 0);
                 if ($containers->count() > 0) {
@@ -179,7 +188,10 @@ class ScheduledTaskJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             // Re-throw to trigger Laravel's retry mechanism with backoff
             throw $e;
         } finally {
-            ScheduledTaskDone::dispatch($this->team->id);
+            if ($this->team) {
+                ScheduledTaskDone::dispatch($this->team->id);
+            }
+
             if ($this->task_log) {
                 $finishedAt = Carbon::now();
                 $duration = round($startTime->floatDiffInSeconds($finishedAt), 2);
@@ -205,6 +217,8 @@ class ScheduledTaskJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
      */
     public function failed(?\Throwable $exception): void
     {
+        $this->team ??= Team::find($this->task->team_id);
+
         Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('ScheduledTask permanently failed', [
             'job' => 'ScheduledTaskJob',
             'task_id' => $this->task->uuid,

app/Jobs/SendMessageToDiscordJob.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Jobs;
 
 use App\Notifications\Dto\DiscordMessage;
+use App\Rules\SafeWebhookUrl;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
@@ -10,6 +11,8 @@ use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
 
 class SendMessageToDiscordJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -41,6 +44,31 @@ class SendMessageToDiscordJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
      */
     public function handle(): void
     {
-        Http::post($this->webhookUrl, $this->message->toPayload());
+        $validator = Validator::make(
+            ['webhook_url' => $this->webhookUrl],
+            ['webhook_url' => ['required', 'url', new SafeWebhookUrl]]
+        );
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            Log::warning('SendMessageToDiscordJob: blocked unsafe webhook URL', [
+                'url' => SafeWebhookUrl::redactedUrlForLog($this->webhookUrl),
+                'errors' => $validator->errors()->all(),
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $httpOptions = SafeWebhookUrl::httpClientOptions($this->webhookUrl);
+        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
+            Log::warning('SendMessageToDiscordJob: blocked unsafe webhook URL at send time', [
+                'url' => SafeWebhookUrl::redactedUrlForLog($this->webhookUrl),
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Http::withOptions($httpOptions)->post($this->webhookUrl, $this->message->toPayload());
     }
 }

app/Jobs/SendMessageToSlackJob.php

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Jobs;
 
 use App\Notifications\Dto\SlackMessage;
+use App\Rules\SafeWebhookUrl;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
@@ -10,6 +11,8 @@ use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
 
 class SendMessageToSlackJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -34,8 +37,33 @@ class SendMessageToSlackJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public function handle(): void
     {
+        $validator = Validator::make(
+            ['webhook_url' => $this->webhookUrl],
+            ['webhook_url' => ['required', 'url', new SafeWebhookUrl]]
+        );
+
+        if ($validator->fails()) {
+            Log::warning('SendMessageToSlackJob: blocked unsafe webhook URL', [
+                'url' => SafeWebhookUrl::redactedUrlForLog($this->webhookUrl),
+                'errors' => $validator->errors()->all(),
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $httpOptions = SafeWebhookUrl::httpClientOptions($this->webhookUrl);
+        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
+            Log::warning('SendMessageToSlackJob: blocked unsafe webhook URL at send time', [
+                'url' => SafeWebhookUrl::redactedUrlForLog($this->webhookUrl),
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
         if ($this->isSlackWebhook()) {
-            $this->sendToSlack();
+            $this->sendToSlack($httpOptions);
 
             return;
         }
@@ -45,7 +73,7 @@ class SendMessageToSlackJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
          *
          * @see https://github.com/coollabsio/coolify/pull/6139#issuecomment-3756777708
          */
-        $this->sendToMattermost();
+        $this->sendToMattermost($httpOptions);
     }
 
     private function isSlackWebhook(): bool
@@ -62,9 +90,12 @@ class SendMessageToSlackJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         return $scheme === 'https' && $host === 'hooks.slack.com';
     }
 
-    private function sendToSlack(): void
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $httpOptions
+     */
+    private function sendToSlack(array $httpOptions): void
     {
-        Http::post($this->webhookUrl, [
+        Http::withOptions($httpOptions)->post($this->webhookUrl, [
             'text' => $this->message->title,
             'blocks' => [
                 [
@@ -102,11 +133,14 @@ class SendMessageToSlackJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
     /**
      * @todo v5 refactor: Extract this into a separate SendMessageToMattermostJob.php triggered via the "mattermost" notification channel type.
      */
-    private function sendToMattermost(): void
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $httpOptions
+     */
+    private function sendToMattermost(array $httpOptions): void
     {
         $username = config('app.name');
 
-        Http::post($this->webhookUrl, [
+        Http::withOptions($httpOptions)->post($this->webhookUrl, [
             'username' => $username,
             'attachments' => [
                 [

app/Jobs/SendWebhookJob.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace App\Jobs;
 
+use App\Rules\SafeWebhookUrl;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
@@ -44,33 +45,29 @@ class SendWebhookJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
     {
         $validator = Validator::make(
             ['webhook_url' => $this->webhookUrl],
-            ['webhook_url' => ['required', 'url', new \App\Rules\SafeWebhookUrl]]
+            ['webhook_url' => ['required', 'url', new SafeWebhookUrl]]
         );
 
         if ($validator->fails()) {
             Log::warning('SendWebhookJob: blocked unsafe webhook URL', [
-                'url' => $this->webhookUrl,
+                'url' => SafeWebhookUrl::redactedUrlForLog($this->webhookUrl),
                 'errors' => $validator->errors()->all(),
             ]);
 
             return;
         }
 
-        if (isDev()) {
-            ray('Sending webhook notification', [
-                'url' => $this->webhookUrl,
-                'payload' => $this->payload,
+        try {
+            $httpOptions = SafeWebhookUrl::httpClientOptions($this->webhookUrl);
+        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
+            Log::warning('SendWebhookJob: blocked unsafe webhook URL at send time', [
+                'url' => SafeWebhookUrl::redactedUrlForLog($this->webhookUrl),
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
             ]);
+
+            return;
         }
 
-        $response = Http::post($this->webhookUrl, $this->payload);
-
-        if (isDev()) {
-            ray('Webhook response', [
-                'status' => $response->status(),
-                'body' => $response->body(),
-                'successful' => $response->successful(),
-            ]);
-        }
+        Http::withOptions($httpOptions)->post($this->webhookUrl, $this->payload);
     }
 }

app/Jobs/ServerCheckJob.php

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\WithoutOverlapping;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Illuminate\Queue\TimeoutExceededException;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 
 class ServerCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
@@ -36,11 +37,12 @@ class ServerCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public function failed(?\Throwable $exception): void
     {
-        if ($exception instanceof \Illuminate\Queue\TimeoutExceededException) {
+        if ($exception instanceof TimeoutExceededException) {
             Log::warning('ServerCheckJob timed out', [
                 'server_id' => $this->server->id,
                 'server_name' => $this->server->name,
             ]);
+            $this->server->increment('unreachable_count');
 
             // Delete the queue job so it doesn't appear in Horizon's failed list.
             $this->job?->delete();

app/Jobs/ServerConnectionCheckJob.php

@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 
 namespace App\Jobs;
 
+use App\Events\ServerReachabilityChanged;
+use App\Helpers\SshMultiplexingHelper;
 use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Services\ConfigurationRepository;
+use App\Services\HetznerService;
 use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
@@ -11,7 +14,9 @@ use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\Middleware\WithoutOverlapping;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Illuminate\Queue\TimeoutExceededException;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Process;
 
 class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -19,7 +24,7 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public $tries = 1;
 
-    public $timeout = 30;
+    public $timeout = 15;
 
     public function __construct(
         public Server $server,
@@ -28,7 +33,7 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public function middleware(): array
     {
-        return [(new WithoutOverlapping('server-connection-check-'.$this->server->uuid))->expireAfter(45)->dontRelease()];
+        return [(new WithoutOverlapping('server-connection-check-'.$this->server->uuid))->expireAfter(25)->dontRelease()];
     }
 
     private function disableSshMux(): void
@@ -39,6 +44,9 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public function handle()
     {
+        $wasReachable = (bool) $this->server->settings->is_reachable;
+        $wasNotified = (bool) $this->server->unreachable_notification_sent;
+
         try {
             // Check if server is disabled
             if ($this->server->settings->force_disabled) {
@@ -72,6 +80,7 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     'is_reachable' => false,
                     'is_usable' => false,
                 ]);
+                $this->server->increment('unreachable_count');
 
                 Log::warning('ServerConnectionCheck: Server not reachable', [
                     'server_id' => $this->server->id,
@@ -79,6 +88,8 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     'server_ip' => $this->server->ip,
                 ]);
 
+                $this->dispatchReachabilityChangedIfNeeded($wasReachable, $wasNotified, false);
+
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -90,6 +101,12 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                 'is_usable' => $isUsable,
             ]);
 
+            if ($this->server->unreachable_count > 0) {
+                $this->server->update(['unreachable_count' => 0]);
+            }
+
+            $this->dispatchReachabilityChangedIfNeeded($wasReachable, $wasNotified, true);
+
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
 
             Log::error('ServerConnectionCheckJob failed', [
@@ -100,6 +117,9 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                 'is_reachable' => false,
                 'is_usable' => false,
             ]);
+            $this->server->increment('unreachable_count');
+
+            $this->dispatchReachabilityChangedIfNeeded($wasReachable, $wasNotified, false);
 
             return;
         }
@@ -107,23 +127,48 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     public function failed(?\Throwable $exception): void
     {
-        if ($exception instanceof \Illuminate\Queue\TimeoutExceededException) {
+        if ($exception instanceof TimeoutExceededException) {
+            $wasReachable = (bool) $this->server->settings->is_reachable;
+            $wasNotified = (bool) $this->server->unreachable_notification_sent;
+
             $this->server->settings->update([
                 'is_reachable' => false,
                 'is_usable' => false,
             ]);
+            $this->server->increment('unreachable_count');
+
+            $this->dispatchReachabilityChangedIfNeeded($wasReachable, $wasNotified, false);
 
             // Delete the queue job so it doesn't appear in Horizon's failed list.
             $this->job?->delete();
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Fire ServerReachabilityChanged when state crosses the unreachable threshold (count >= 2)
+     * or when a previously-notified server recovers. Skips noise from single transient flaps.
+     */
+    private function dispatchReachabilityChangedIfNeeded(bool $wasReachable, bool $wasNotified, bool $isReachable): void
+    {
+        if ($isReachable) {
+            if (! $wasReachable || $wasNotified) {
+                ServerReachabilityChanged::dispatch($this->server);
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->server->unreachable_count >= 2 && ! $wasNotified) {
+            ServerReachabilityChanged::dispatch($this->server);
+        }
+    }
+
     private function checkHetznerStatus(): void
     {
         $status = null;
 
         try {
-            $hetznerService = new \App\Services\HetznerService($this->server->cloudProviderToken->token);
+            $hetznerService = new HetznerService($this->server->cloudProviderToken->token);
             $serverData = $hetznerService->getServer($this->server->hetzner_server_id);
             $status = $serverData['status'] ?? null;
 
@@ -134,7 +179,6 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             $this->server->update(['hetzner_server_status' => $status]);
             $this->server->hetzner_server_status = $status;
             if ($status === 'off') {
-                ray('Server is powered off, marking as unreachable');
                 throw new \Exception('Server is powered off');
             }
         }
@@ -144,15 +188,18 @@ class ServerConnectionCheckJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
     private function checkConnection(): bool
     {
         try {
-            // Use instant_remote_process with a simple command
-            // This will automatically handle mux, sudo, IPv6, Cloudflare tunnel, etc.
-            $output = instant_remote_process_with_timeout(
-                ['ls -la /'],
-                $this->server,
-                false // don't throw error
-            );
+            // Single SSH attempt without SshRetryHandler — retries waste time for connectivity checks.
+            // Backoff is managed at the dispatch level via unreachable_count.
+            $commands = ['ls -la /'];
+            if ($this->server->isNonRoot()) {
+                $commands = parseCommandsByLineForSudo(collect($commands), $this->server);
+            }
+            $commandString = implode("\n", $commands);
 
-            return $output !== null;
+            $sshCommand = SshMultiplexingHelper::generateSshCommand($this->server, $commandString, true);
+            $process = Process::timeout(10)->run($sshCommand);
+
+            return $process->exitCode() === 0;
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
             Log::debug('ServerConnectionCheck: Connection check failed', [
                 'server_id' => $this->server->id,

app/Jobs/ServerManagerJob.php

@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ class ServerManagerJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     if ($server->isSentinelEnabled() && $server->isSentinelLive()) {
                         return;
                     }
+                    if ($this->shouldSkipDueToBackoff($server)) {
+                        return;
+                    }
                     ServerConnectionCheckJob::dispatch($server);
                 } catch (\Exception $e) {
                     Log::channel('scheduled-errors')->error('Failed to dispatch ServerConnectionCheck', [
@@ -129,7 +132,9 @@ class ServerManagerJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         if ($sentinelOutOfSync) {
             // Dispatch ServerCheckJob if Sentinel is out of sync
             if (shouldRunCronNow($this->checkFrequency, $serverTimezone, "server-check:{$server->id}", $this->executionTime)) {
-                ServerCheckJob::dispatch($server);
+                if (! $this->shouldSkipDueToBackoff($server)) {
+                    ServerCheckJob::dispatch($server);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -165,4 +170,39 @@ class ServerManagerJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         // Note: CheckAndStartSentinelJob is only dispatched daily (line above) for version updates.
         // Crash recovery is handled by sentinelOutOfSync → ServerCheckJob → CheckAndStartSentinelJob.
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine the backoff cycle interval based on how many consecutive times a server has been unreachable.
+     * Higher counts → less frequent checks (based on 5-min cloud cycle):
+     *   0-2: every cycle, 3-5: ~15 min, 6-11: ~30 min, 12+: ~60 min
+     */
+    private function getBackoffCycleInterval(int $unreachableCount): int
+    {
+        return match (true) {
+            $unreachableCount <= 2 => 1,
+            $unreachableCount <= 5 => 3,
+            $unreachableCount <= 11 => 6,
+            default => 12,
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if a server should be skipped this cycle due to unreachable backoff.
+     * Uses server ID hash to distribute checks across cycles (avoid thundering herd).
+     */
+    private function shouldSkipDueToBackoff(Server $server): bool
+    {
+        $unreachableCount = $server->unreachable_count ?? 0;
+        $interval = $this->getBackoffCycleInterval($unreachableCount);
+
+        if ($interval <= 1) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $cyclePeriodMinutes = isCloud() ? 5 : 1;
+        $cycleIndex = intdiv($this->executionTime->minute, $cyclePeriodMinutes);
+        $serverHash = abs(crc32((string) $server->id));
+
+        return ($cycleIndex + $serverHash) % $interval !== 0;
+    }
 }

app/Jobs/StripeProcessJob.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldBeEncrypted;
 use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Queue\Queueable;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             $data = data_get($this->event, 'data.object');
             switch ($type) {
                 case 'radar.early_fraud_warning.created':
-                    $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+                    $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
                     $id = data_get($data, 'id');
                     $charge = data_get($data, 'charge');
                     if ($charge) {
@@ -94,12 +95,12 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     }
                     $subscription = Subscription::where('stripe_customer_id', $customerId)->first();
                     if (! $subscription) {
-                        throw new \RuntimeException("No subscription found for customer: {$customerId}");
+                        break;
                     }
 
                     if ($subscription->stripe_subscription_id) {
                         try {
-                            $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+                            $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
                             $stripeSubscription = $stripe->subscriptions->retrieve(
                                 $subscription->stripe_subscription_id
                             );
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     $subscription = Subscription::where('stripe_customer_id', $customerId)->first();
                     if (! $subscription) {
                         // send_internal_notification('invoice.payment_failed failed but no subscription found in Coolify for customer: '.$customerId);
-                        throw new \RuntimeException("No subscription found for customer: {$customerId}");
+                        break;
                     }
                     $team = data_get($subscription, 'team');
                     if (! $team) {
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     // Verify payment status with Stripe API before sending failure notification
                     if ($paymentIntentId) {
                         try {
-                            $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+                            $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
                             $paymentIntent = $stripe->paymentIntents->retrieve($paymentIntentId);
 
                             if (in_array($paymentIntent->status, ['processing', 'succeeded', 'requires_action', 'requires_confirmation'])) {
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     $subscription = Subscription::where('stripe_customer_id', $customerId)->first();
                     if (! $subscription) {
                         // send_internal_notification('payment_intent.payment_failed, no subscription found in Coolify for customer: '.$customerId);
-                        throw new \RuntimeException("No subscription found in Coolify for customer: {$customerId}");
+                        break;
                     }
                     if ($subscription->stripe_invoice_paid) {
                         // send_internal_notification('payment_intent.payment_failed but invoice is active for customer: '.$customerId);
@@ -259,7 +260,10 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                     $comment = data_get($data, 'cancellation_details.comment');
                     $lookup_key = data_get($data, 'items.data.0.price.lookup_key');
                     if (str($lookup_key)->contains('dynamic')) {
-                        $quantity = min((int) data_get($data, 'items.data.0.quantity', 2), UpdateSubscriptionQuantity::MAX_SERVER_LIMIT);
+                        $quantity = max(
+                            UpdateSubscriptionQuantity::MIN_SERVER_LIMIT,
+                            min((int) data_get($data, 'items.data.0.quantity', 2), UpdateSubscriptionQuantity::MAX_SERVER_LIMIT)
+                        );
                         $team = data_get($subscription, 'team');
                         if ($team) {
                             $team->update([
@@ -334,7 +338,7 @@ class StripeProcessJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
                         }
                     } else {
                         // send_internal_notification('Subscription deleted but no subscription found in Coolify for customer: '.$customerId);
-                        throw new \RuntimeException("No subscription found in Coolify for customer: {$customerId}");
+                        break;
                     }
                     break;
                 default:

app/Jobs/SubscriptionInvoiceFailedJob.php

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class SubscriptionInvoiceFailedJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ class SubscriptionInvoiceFailedJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             $subscription = $this->team->subscription;
             if ($subscription && $subscription->stripe_customer_id) {
                 try {
-                    $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+                    $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
 
                     if ($subscription->stripe_subscription_id) {
                         $stripeSubscription = $stripe->subscriptions->retrieve($subscription->stripe_subscription_id);

app/Jobs/SyncStripeSubscriptionsJob.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class SyncStripeSubscriptionsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ class SyncStripeSubscriptionsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             ->where('stripe_invoice_paid', true)
             ->get();
 
-        $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+        $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
 
         // Bulk fetch all valid subscription IDs from Stripe (active + past_due)
         $validStripeIds = $this->fetchValidStripeSubscriptionIds($stripe, $onProgress);
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ class SyncStripeSubscriptionsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
      *
      * @return array{email: string, customer_id: string, subscription_id: string, status: string}|null
      */
-    private function findActiveSubscriptionByEmail(\Stripe\StripeClient $stripe, string $customerId): ?array
+    private function findActiveSubscriptionByEmail(StripeClient $stripe, string $customerId): ?array
     {
         try {
             $customer = $stripe->customers->retrieve($customerId);
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ class SyncStripeSubscriptionsJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
      *
      * @return array<string>
      */
-    private function fetchValidStripeSubscriptionIds(\Stripe\StripeClient $stripe, ?\Closure $onProgress = null): array
+    private function fetchValidStripeSubscriptionIds(StripeClient $stripe, ?\Closure $onProgress = null): array
     {
         $validIds = [];
         $fetched = 0;

app/Jobs/VerifyStripeSubscriptionStatusJob.php

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
 use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
 use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
+use Stripe\StripeClient;
 
 class VerifyStripeSubscriptionStatusJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 {
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ class VerifyStripeSubscriptionStatusJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueu
         if (! $this->subscription->stripe_subscription_id &&
             $this->subscription->stripe_customer_id) {
             try {
-                $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+                $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
                 $subscriptions = $stripe->subscriptions->all([
                     'customer' => $this->subscription->stripe_customer_id,
                     'limit' => 1,
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ class VerifyStripeSubscriptionStatusJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueu
         }
 
         try {
-            $stripe = new \Stripe\StripeClient(config('subscription.stripe_api_key'));
+            $stripe = app(StripeClient::class);
             $stripeSubscription = $stripe->subscriptions->retrieve(
                 $this->subscription->stripe_subscription_id
             );

app/Jobs/VolumeCloneJob.php

@@ -43,27 +43,34 @@ class VolumeCloneJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
 
     protected function cloneLocalVolume()
     {
+        $srcVol = escapeshellarg($this->sourceVolume);
+        $tgtVol = escapeshellarg($this->targetVolume);
+
         instant_remote_process([
-            "docker volume create $this->targetVolume",
-            "docker run --rm -v $this->sourceVolume:/source -v $this->targetVolume:/target alpine sh -c 'cp -a /source/. /target/ && chown -R 1000:1000 /target'",
+            "docker volume create {$tgtVol}",
+            "docker run --rm -v {$srcVol}:/source -v {$tgtVol}:/target alpine sh -c 'cp -a /source/. /target/ && chown -R 1000:1000 /target'",
         ], $this->sourceServer);
     }
 
     protected function cloneRemoteVolume()
     {
+        $srcVol = escapeshellarg($this->sourceVolume);
+        $tgtVol = escapeshellarg($this->targetVolume);
         $sourceCloneDir = "{$this->cloneDir}/{$this->sourceVolume}";
         $targetCloneDir = "{$this->cloneDir}/{$this->targetVolume}";
+        $srcDir = escapeshellarg($sourceCloneDir);
+        $tgtDir = escapeshellarg($targetCloneDir);
 
         try {
             instant_remote_process([
-                "mkdir -p $sourceCloneDir",
-                "chmod 777 $sourceCloneDir",
-                "docker run --rm -v $this->sourceVolume:/source -v $sourceCloneDir:/clone alpine sh -c 'cd /source && tar czf /clone/volume-data.tar.gz .'",
+                "mkdir -p {$srcDir}",
+                "chmod 777 {$srcDir}",
+                "docker run --rm -v {$srcVol}:/source -v {$srcDir}:/clone alpine sh -c 'cd /source && tar czf /clone/volume-data.tar.gz .'",
             ], $this->sourceServer);
 
             instant_remote_process([
-                "mkdir -p $targetCloneDir",
-                "chmod 777 $targetCloneDir",
+                "mkdir -p {$tgtDir}",
+                "chmod 777 {$tgtDir}",
             ], $this->targetServer);
 
             instant_scp(
@@ -74,8 +81,8 @@ class VolumeCloneJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             );
 
             instant_remote_process([
-                "docker volume create $this->targetVolume",
-                "docker run --rm -v $this->targetVolume:/target -v $targetCloneDir:/clone alpine sh -c 'cd /target && tar xzf /clone/volume-data.tar.gz && chown -R 1000:1000 /target'",
+                "docker volume create {$tgtVol}",
+                "docker run --rm -v {$tgtVol}:/target -v {$tgtDir}:/clone alpine sh -c 'cd /target && tar xzf /clone/volume-data.tar.gz && chown -R 1000:1000 /target'",
             ], $this->targetServer);
 
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
@@ -84,7 +91,7 @@ class VolumeCloneJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
         } finally {
             try {
                 instant_remote_process([
-                    "rm -rf $sourceCloneDir",
+                    "rm -rf {$srcDir}",
                 ], $this->sourceServer, false);
             } catch (\Exception $e) {
                 \Log::warning('Failed to clean up source server clone directory: '.$e->getMessage());
@@ -93,7 +100,7 @@ class VolumeCloneJob implements ShouldBeEncrypted, ShouldQueue
             try {
                 if ($this->targetServer) {
                     instant_remote_process([
-                        "rm -rf $targetCloneDir",
+                        "rm -rf {$tgtDir}",
                     ], $this->targetServer, false);
                 }
             } catch (\Exception $e) {

app/Livewire/Admin/Index.php

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class Index extends Component
             Auth::login($user);
             refreshSession($team_to_switch_to);
 
-            return redirect(request()->header('Referer'));
+            return redirect()->route('admin.index');
         }
     }
 
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ class Index extends Component
 
     public function getSubscribers()
     {
+        if (Auth::id() !== 0 && ! session('impersonating')) {
+            return redirect()->route('dashboard');
+        }
         $this->inactiveSubscribers = Team::whereRelation('subscription', 'stripe_invoice_paid', false)->count();
         $this->activeSubscribers = Team::whereRelation('subscription', 'stripe_invoice_paid', true)->count();
     }
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ class Index extends Component
         Auth::login($user);
         refreshSession($team_to_switch_to);
 
-        return redirect(request()->header('Referer'));
+        return redirect()->route('dashboard');
     }
 
     private function authorizeAdminAccess(): void