fix: Reduce High severity issues reported by SonarCloud #2865 (#3103)

* fix: add UnsupportedOperationException in KingsHand and GameLoopTest

* refactor: update DatabaseService to use constant for BINARY_DATA and remove obsolete test files

* refactor: update timePasses method in KingsHand

* refactor CandyGame.java

* refactor: simplify boundary checks in CandyGame

* feat: add getters for type and points in Candy class and initialize logger in CandyGame

* remove class and logger initialization in CandyGame

* Modify CandyGame.java

* fix Checkstyle violations

* Remove generic wildcard type in ThreatAwareSystem

event-aggregator/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/event/aggregator/KingsHand.java

@@ -43,5 +43,7 @@ public class KingsHand extends EventEmitter implements EventObserver {
 
   @Override
   public void timePasses(Weekday day) {
+    // This method is intentionally left empty because KingsHand does not handle time-based events directly.
+    // It serves as a placeholder to fulfill the EventObserver interface contract.
   }
 }

filterer/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/filterer/threat/ThreatAwareSystem.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 /**
  * Represents system that is aware of threats that are present in it.
  */
-public interface ThreatAwareSystem {
+public interface ThreatAwareSystem<T extends Threat> {
 
   /**
    * Returns the system id.
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ public interface ThreatAwareSystem {
    * Returns list of threats for this system.
    * @return list of threats for this system.
    */
-  List<? extends Threat> threats();
+  List<T> threats();
 
   /**
    * Returns the instance of {@link Filterer} helper interface that allows to covariantly
    * specify lower bound for predicate that we want to filter by.
    * @return an instance of {@link Filterer} helper interface.
    */
-  Filterer<? extends ThreatAwareSystem, ? extends Threat> filtered();
+  Filterer<ThreatAwareSystem<T>, T> filtered();
 
 }

game-loop/src/test/java/com/iluwatar/gameloop/GameLoopTest.java

@@ -24,10 +24,9 @@
  */
 package com.iluwatar.gameloop;
 
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
-
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
@@ -46,6 +45,7 @@ class GameLoopTest {
     gameLoop = new GameLoop() {
       @Override
       protected void processGameLoop() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
       }
     };
   }

serialized-lob/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/slob/dbservice/DatabaseService.java

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public class DatabaseService {
       throws SQLException {
     try (var connection = dataSource.getConnection();
         var statement = connection.createStatement()) {
-      if (dataTypeDb.equals("BINARY")) {
+      if (dataTypeDb.equals(BINARY_DATA)) {
         statement.execute(CREATE_BINARY_SCHEMA_DDL);
       } else {
         statement.execute(CREATE_TEXT_SCHEMA_DDL);

serialized-lob/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/slob/lob/Forest.java

@@ -37,16 +37,17 @@ import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
 import org.w3c.dom.Document;
 import org.w3c.dom.Element;
 import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
-
 /**
  * Creates an object Forest which contains animals and plants as its constituents. Animals may eat
  * plants or other animals in the forest.
  */
+
+
 @Data
 @NoArgsConstructor
 @AllArgsConstructor
 public class Forest implements Serializable {
-
+  public static final String HORIZONTAL_DIVIDER = "\n--------------------------\n";
   private String name;
   private Set<Animal> animals = new HashSet<>();
   private Set<Plant> plants = new HashSet<>();
@@ -105,16 +106,16 @@ public class Forest implements Serializable {
     sb.append("Forest Name = ").append(name).append("\n");
     sb.append("Animals found in the ").append(name).append(" Forest: \n");
     for (Animal animal : animals) {
-      sb.append("\n--------------------------\n");
+      sb.append(HORIZONTAL_DIVIDER);
       sb.append(animal.toString());
-      sb.append("\n--------------------------\n");
+      sb.append(HORIZONTAL_DIVIDER);
     }
     sb.append("\n");
     sb.append("Plants in the ").append(name).append(" Forest: \n");
     for (Plant plant : plants) {
-      sb.append("\n--------------------------\n");
+      sb.append(HORIZONTAL_DIVIDER);
       sb.append(plant.toString());
-      sb.append("\n--------------------------\n");
+      sb.append(HORIZONTAL_DIVIDER);
     }
     return sb.toString();
   }

type-object/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/typeobject/App.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * This project is licensed under the MIT license. Module model-view-viewmodel is using ZK framework licensed under LGPL (see lgpl-3.0.txt).
+ * This project is licensed under the MIT license. Module model-view-viewmodel
+ * is using ZK framework licensed under LGPL (see lgpl-3.0.txt).
  *
  * The MIT License
  * Copyright © 2014-2022 Ilkka Seppälä
@@ -27,12 +28,12 @@ package com.iluwatar.typeobject;
 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
 /**
- * <p>Type object pattern is the pattern we use when the OOP concept of creating a base class and
+ * Type object pattern is the pattern we use when the OOP concept of creating a base class and
  * inheriting from it just doesn't work for the case in hand. This happens when we either don't know
  * what types we will need upfront, or want to be able to modify or add new types conveniently w/o
  * recompiling repeatedly. The pattern provides a solution by allowing flexible creation of required
- * objects by creating one class, which has a field which represents the 'type' of the object.</p>
+ * objects by creating one class, which has a field which represents the 'type' of the object.
- * <p>In this example, we have a mini candy-crush game in action. There are many different candies
+ * In this example, we have a mini candy-crush game in action. There are many different candies
  * in the game, which may change over time, as we may want to upgrade the game. To make the object
  * creation convenient, we have a class {@link Candy} which has a field name, parent, points and
  * Type. We have a json file {@link candy} which contains the details about the candies, and this is
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
  * how crushing can be done, how the matrix is to be reconfigured and how points are to be gained.
  * The {@link CellPool} class is a pool which reuses the candy cells that have been crushed instead
  * of making new ones repeatedly. The {@link CandyGame} class has the rules for the continuation of
- * the game and the {@link App} class has the game itself.</p>
+ * the game and the {@link App} class has the game itself.
  */
 
 @Slf4j

type-object/src/main/java/com/iluwatar/typeobject/CandyGame.java

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ import com.iluwatar.typeobject.Candy.Type;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 /**
  * The CandyGame class contains the rules for the continuation of the game and has the game matrix
@@ -37,7 +39,6 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 @Slf4j
 @SuppressWarnings("java:S3776") //"Cognitive Complexity of methods should not be too high"
 public class CandyGame {
-
   Cell[][] cells;
   CellPool pool;
   int totalPoints;
@@ -85,17 +86,20 @@ public class CandyGame {
     if (x == 0) {
       adjacent.add(this.cells[y][1]);
     }
-    if (y == cells.length - 1) {
+    if (y == cells.length - 1 && cells.length > 1) {
       adjacent.add(this.cells[cells.length - 2][x]);
     }
-    if (x == cells.length - 1) {
+    
+    if (x == cells.length - 1 && cells.length > 1) {
       adjacent.add(this.cells[y][cells.length - 2]);
     }
+    
+  
     if (y > 0 && y < cells.length - 1) {
       adjacent.add(this.cells[y - 1][x]);
       adjacent.add(this.cells[y + 1][x]);
     }
-    if (x > 0 && x < cells.length - 1) {
+    if (y >= 0 && y < cells.length && x > 0 && x < cells[y].length - 1) {
       adjacent.add(this.cells[y][x - 1]);
       adjacent.add(this.cells[y][x + 1]);
     }